Quick Answer
The answer is an access policy. This is correct because an access policy in Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps enforces real-time session controls that can block downloads of files tagged as 'Highly Confidential' from SharePoint Online, based on sensitivity labels applied via Microsoft Purview Information Protection. When a user attempts to access or download such a file, the policy intercepts the request and can block the action while simultaneously triggering an automated investigation through integration with Microsoft 365 Defender. On the Microsoft Cybersecurity Architect exam, this question tests your ability to distinguish between policy types: session policies control user behavior within a session but lack native label-based blocking, while access policies directly enforce conditional access rules. A common trap is confusing session policies with access policies—remember that access policies are for blocking or allowing access based on content labels, whereas session policies monitor but do not block downloads by label. Memory tip: Access = Action control (block downloads), Session = Session monitoring (watch but don’t block).
This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design security solutions for applications and data. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Your organization uses Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps to protect SaaS applications. You need to configure a policy that blocks downloads of files tagged as 'Highly Confidential' from SharePoint Online and triggers an automated investigation. Which policy type should you use?
Session policy
Why wrong: Controls session actions but not file downloads by label.
App discovery policy
Why wrong: Discovers shadow IT apps, not access control.
Access policy
Can block downloads based on sensitivity labels.
Anomaly detection policy
Why wrong: Detects anomalies but does not block downloads.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Access policy
Option C is correct because an access policy in Defender for Cloud Apps can enforce real-time controls like blocking downloads based on sensitivity labels. Option A is wrong because session policy controls user sessions but does not natively block downloads by label. Option B is wrong because app discovery policy discovers shadow IT, not controls access. Option D is wrong because anomaly detection policy detects unusual behavior but does not block downloads.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
Session policy
Why it's wrong here
Controls session actions but not file downloads by label.
App discovery policy
Why it's wrong here
Discovers shadow IT apps, not access control.
Access policy
Why this is correct
Can block downloads based on sensitivity labels.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
Anomaly detection policy
Why it's wrong here
Detects anomalies but does not block downloads.
Common exam traps
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-100 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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FAQ
Design security solutions for applications and data — This question tests Design security solutions for applications and data — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
The correct answer is: Access policy — Option C is correct because an access policy in Defender for Cloud Apps can enforce real-time controls like blocking downloads based on sensitivity labels. Option A is wrong because session policy controls user sessions but does not natively block downloads by label. Option B is wrong because app discovery policy discovers shadow IT, not controls access. Option D is wrong because anomaly detection policy detects unusual behavior but does not block downloads.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-100 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 21, 2026
This SC-100 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SC-100 exam.
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