20+ practice questions focused on Design security solutions for applications and data — one of the most tested topics on the Microsoft Cybersecurity Architect exam. Each question includes a detailed explanation so you learn why the right answer is correct.
Start Design security solutions for applications and data PracticeYour company uses Microsoft Defender for Cloud to protect Azure resources. A critical application uses an Azure SQL Database. You need to ensure that all queries to the database are encrypted in transit and that the encryption protocol is the most secure version available. Which configuration should you enforce?
Explanation: The correct option is A: setting the minimal TLS version to 1.2 in the Azure SQL server's firewall rules enforces that all client connections use TLS 1.2 or higher, which is the most secure protocol version available for Azure SQL Database, thereby ensuring queries are encrypted in transit with the strongest supported version. This is configured via the server's firewall and virtual network settings (the 'Minimal TLS Version' setting), not by simply rejecting unencrypted connections or forcing SSL. Option B only blocks unencrypted connections but does not guarantee the most secure TLS version. Option C changes the connection policy to Proxy and forces TCP, which affects routing and connectivity but not the TLS version. Option D, 'Force SSL,' enforces encryption in transit but does not specify or enforce the most secure TLS version, so it does not meet the requirement.
A company uses Microsoft Entra ID to authenticate users for a web application. They want to enable self-service password reset (SSPR) for users. What is the minimum licensing requirement?
Explanation: Microsoft Entra ID P1 is the minimum license that includes self-service password reset (SSPR) for cloud-only and hybrid users, so option D is correct. SSPR is a premium feature that is not included in the Free tier, and P2 is not required because P2 adds advanced features such as Identity Protection and Privileged Identity Management rather than being the minimum for SSPR. Microsoft 365 E3 includes Entra ID P1 capabilities, but the question asks for the minimum licensing requirement, making the standalone Entra ID P1 option the precise answer. Options A, B, and C therefore do not represent the minimum requirement: A bundles P1 but is not the minimum license named, B exceeds the requirement, and C lacks SSPR entirely.
Your organization uses Microsoft Defender for Cloud to protect Azure SQL databases. You notice that a particular database is flagged with a high-severity recommendation to enable 'Advanced Data Security'. What does enabling Advanced Data Security provide?
Explanation: Advanced Data Security (ADS) includes vulnerability assessments, threat detection, and data discovery/classification. Option A is incorrect because restricting access to specific IP addresses is done via firewall or VNet rules, not by ADS. Option B is incorrect because transparent data encryption (TDE) is a separate feature for encryption at rest, not part of ADS. Option D is incorrect because backup encryption is handled by Azure Storage encryption, not ADS.
Your company is designing a solution to store sensitive documents in Azure Files. The files must be encrypted at rest and in transit. Which two configurations are required? (Each correct answer presents part of the solution.)
Explanation: Azure Storage Service Encryption (SSE) is enabled by default for all Azure Storage accounts and automatically encrypts data at rest, satisfying the at-rest requirement for the Azure Files share, so option C is required. To meet the in-transit requirement, the Azure file share must be configured to require SMB 3.0 with encryption, which enforces AES-CCM encryption on SMB traffic, making option D the second required configuration. Option A is incorrect because Azure Disk Encryption protects VM OS and data disks, not the Azure Files share itself. Option B is insufficient because HTTPS-only applies to REST/API access, not to SMB traffic used by Azure Files mounts. Option E is irrelevant because Azure File Sync is a replication/caching service and does not provide the required encryption controls.
A company uses Azure API Management to expose backend APIs. They need to implement OAuth 2.0 authorization with Microsoft Entra ID. The APIs are called by a SPA application. Which OAuth 2.0 grant type should be used?
Explanation: The authorization code flow with PKCE is the recommended grant for SPAs. Option A is wrong because implicit flow is deprecated due to security concerns. Option B is wrong because resource owner password credentials (ROPC) is not recommended and requires user credentials. Option D is wrong because client credentials grant is for server-to-server, not user authentication.
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2. Review every explanation
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4. Reach 80% consistently
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