Quick Answer
The correct answer is to include Azure Application Gateway with WAF and parameterized queries in the application code. This two-layer defense works because the Web Application Firewall (WAF) on Azure Application Gateway inspects incoming HTTP traffic at the network edge, blocking common SQL injection patterns before they reach the database, while parameterized queries in the application code ensure that user input is treated as data, not executable code, preventing injection at the application layer. On the Microsoft Cybersecurity Architect exam, this scenario tests your understanding of defense-in-depth, where you must distinguish between network-level controls (WAF) and application-level controls (parameterized queries). A common trap is confusing Azure SQL Database firewall or Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) with SQL injection prevention—remember, the firewall controls IP access and TDE encrypts data at rest, neither of which stops injection attacks. For a quick memory tip, think “Edge and Code”: WAF guards the edge, parameterized queries guard the code.
This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design security solutions for applications and data. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
You are designing a solution to protect Azure SQL Database from SQL injection attacks. The solution must use a web application firewall (WAF) and also ensure that queries from the application are parameterized. Which two components should you include? (Choose two. Each correct answer presents part of the solution.)
Azure SQL Database firewall rules
Why wrong: Firewall controls network access, not injection.
Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
Why wrong: TDE encrypts data at rest, not prevents injection.
Azure Application Gateway with WAF
WAF can detect and block SQL injection attempts.
Parameterized queries in the application code
Parameterized queries prevent injection by separating code from data.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Azure Application Gateway with WAF
Options A and D are correct because Azure Application Gateway with WAF can block SQL injection at the network edge, and using parameterized queries in the application code prevents SQL injection at the application layer. Option B is wrong because TDE encrypts data at rest. Option C is wrong because Azure SQL Database firewall controls IP access.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
Azure SQL Database firewall rules
Why it's wrong here
Firewall controls network access, not injection.
Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)
Why it's wrong here
TDE encrypts data at rest, not prevents injection.
Azure Application Gateway with WAF
Why this is correct
WAF can detect and block SQL injection attempts.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Parameterized queries in the application code
Why this is correct
Parameterized queries prevent injection by separating code from data.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Detailed technical explanation
This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Identify which SC-100 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
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FAQ
Design security solutions for applications and data — This question tests Design security solutions for applications and data — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
The correct answer is: Azure Application Gateway with WAF — Options A and D are correct because Azure Application Gateway with WAF can block SQL injection at the network edge, and using parameterized queries in the application code prevents SQL injection at the application layer. Option B is wrong because TDE encrypts data at rest. Option C is wrong because Azure SQL Database firewall controls IP access.
Identify which SC-100 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 21, 2026
This SC-100 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SC-100 exam.
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