The correct answer is to enable Web Application Firewall (WAF) on Azure Front Door or Application Gateway. WAF operates at the network edge, inspecting inbound HTTP/S traffic against the OWASP Top 10 rule sets, and can block malicious payloads like SQL injection before they reach your App Service. This works by analyzing query strings, request bodies, and headers for patterns such as ' OR 1=1, effectively neutralizing injection attempts at the application layer. On the Microsoft Cybersecurity Architect exam, this scenario tests your ability to differentiate between Azure security services: WAF handles web-layer threats, while DDoS Protection targets volumetric attacks, JIT VM access secures management ports, and Adaptive Application Controls whitelist executables on servers. A common trap is confusing WAF with DDoS Protection, so remember that WAF inspects content, not just traffic volume. Memory tip: “WAF filters the words, DDoS filters the waves.”
SC-100 Practice Question: Design security solutions for applications and data
This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design security solutions for applications and data. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Your organization uses Microsoft Defender for Cloud to assess security posture. You need to ensure that your Azure App Service web applications are protected against common web vulnerabilities like SQL injection. What should you enable?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Web Application Firewall (WAF) on Azure Front Door
Option C is correct because Web Application Firewall (WAF) on Azure Front Door or Application Gateway protects against OWASP top 10 vulnerabilities including SQL injection. Option A is wrong because DDoS Protection protects against volumetric attacks, not web application attacks. Option B is wrong because JIT VM access reduces attack surface on VMs, not web apps. Option D is wrong because Adaptive Application Controls whitelist applications on servers, not protect against web attacks.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✓
Web Application Firewall (WAF) on Azure Front Door
Why this is correct
WAF protects web applications from common exploits like SQL injection.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
✗
Just-in-time (JIT) VM access
Why it's wrong here
JIT reduces VM attack surface but doesn't protect web apps from SQL injection.
✗
Adaptive Application Controls
Why it's wrong here
Adaptive Application Controls control which applications can run on VMs, not web app security.
✗
Azure DDoS Protection
Why it's wrong here
DDoS Protection mitigates network layer attacks, not application layer vulnerabilities.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
Use explanations to understand the rule behind the answer.
TExam Day Tips
→Underline the problem statement mentally.
→Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
→Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this SC-100 question in full detail.
Identify which SC-100 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
Design security solutions for applications and data — This question tests Design security solutions for applications and data — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Web Application Firewall (WAF) on Azure Front Door — Option C is correct because Web Application Firewall (WAF) on Azure Front Door or Application Gateway protects against OWASP top 10 vulnerabilities including SQL injection. Option A is wrong because DDoS Protection protects against volumetric attacks, not web application attacks. Option B is wrong because JIT VM access reduces attack surface on VMs, not web apps. Option D is wrong because Adaptive Application Controls whitelist applications on servers, not protect against web attacks.
What should I do if I get this SC-100 question wrong?
Identify which SC-100 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Question Discussion
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