Quick Answer
The answer is Conditional Access policies and Microsoft Entra ID governance access reviews. Conditional Access policies restrict access to sensitive SharePoint data by evaluating real-time signals like user location, device compliance, and risk level before granting entry, effectively acting as a gatekeeper. Access reviews in Microsoft Entra ID governance ensure that only authorized users maintain their permissions by requiring periodic recertification of access rights, preventing stale or excessive privileges. On the Microsoft Cybersecurity Architect exam, this pairing tests your ability to distinguish between controls that enforce access versus those that classify or protect data—a common trap is confusing sensitivity labels or DLP policies with access restriction. Remember the memory tip: “Conditional Access checks the ‘who, where, and how’ at the door, while Access Reviews clean up the guest list.”
This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company needs to ensure that only authorized users can access sensitive data in Microsoft SharePoint Online. Which TWO controls can be used? (Choose two.)
Sensitivity labels
Why wrong: Labels classify data, but do not directly control access.
Retention policies
Why wrong: Retention, not access control.
Microsoft Entra ID Governance access reviews
Review and certify access.
Conditional Access policies
Restrict access based on conditions.
Data loss prevention policies
Why wrong: Prevent data loss, not control access.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Microsoft Entra ID Governance access reviews
Options A and C are correct: Conditional Access policies restrict access based on conditions, and Microsoft Entra ID governance (access reviews) ensures authorized access. Option B is wrong because sensitivity labels are for classification and protection, not access control. Option D is wrong because retention policies are for data retention, not access. Option E is wrong because DLP policies prevent data loss, not control access.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
Sensitivity labels
Why it's wrong here
Labels classify data, but do not directly control access.
Retention policies
Why it's wrong here
Retention, not access control.
Microsoft Entra ID Governance access reviews
Why this is correct
Review and certify access.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Conditional Access policies
Why this is correct
Restrict access based on conditions.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Data loss prevention policies
Why it's wrong here
Prevent data loss, not control access.
Common exam traps
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Detailed technical explanation
This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Identify which SC-100 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
Design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities — study guide chapter
Learn the concepts, then practise the questions
Design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities practice questions
Targeted practice on this topic area only
All SC-100 questions
969 questions across all exam domains
Microsoft Cybersecurity Architect study guide
Full concept coverage aligned to exam objectives
SC-100 practice test guide
How to use practice tests most effectively before exam day
Related practice questions
Use these pages to review the topic behind this question. This is how one missed question becomes focused revision.
Practise SC-100 questions linked to Design solutions that align with security best practices and priorities.
Practise SC-100 questions linked to Design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities.
Practise SC-100 questions linked to Design security solutions for infrastructure.
Practise SC-100 questions linked to Design a Zero Trust strategy and architecture.
Practise SC-100 questions linked to Design security solutions for applications and data.
Practise SC-100 questions linked to Evaluate GRC and security operations strategies.
Practise SC-100 questions linked to Design security for infrastructure.
Practise SC-100 questions linked to Design a strategy for data and applications.
Practise SC-100 questions linked to Recommend security best practices and priorities.
Practise SC-100 questions linked to SC-100 fundamentals.
Practise SC-100 questions linked to SC-100 scenario.
Practise SC-100 questions linked to SC-100 troubleshooting.
Practice this exam
Short sessions build daily habit. Longer sessions build exam-day stamina. Try a timed session to simulate real conditions.
FAQ
Design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities — This question tests Design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
The correct answer is: Microsoft Entra ID Governance access reviews — Options A and C are correct: Conditional Access policies restrict access based on conditions, and Microsoft Entra ID governance (access reviews) ensures authorized access. Option B is wrong because sensitivity labels are for classification and protection, not access control. Option D is wrong because retention policies are for data retention, not access. Option E is wrong because DLP policies prevent data loss, not control access.
Identify which SC-100 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
About these practice questions
Courseiva creates original exam-style practice questions with explanations and wrong-answer analysis. It does not publish real exam questions, exam dumps, or protected exam content. Learn why practice questions differ from exam dumps →
Last reviewed: Jun 21, 2026
This SC-100 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SC-100 exam.
Question Discussion
Share a tip, memory trick, or ask about the reasoning behind this question. Do not post real exam questions, leaked content, braindumps, or copyrighted exam material. Comments are moderated and may be removed without notice.
Sign in to join the discussion.