Secure compute, storage, and databases

A company uses Azure SQL Database with Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) and a customer-managed key stored in Azure Key Vault. The Key Vault is configured with a firewall that denies all public access. The SQL server must be able to access the key. What additional configuration is necessary?

You are designing security for an Azure SQL Database that will store personally identifiable information (PII). The database will be accessed by multiple applications, some of which are legacy and cannot use Azure AD authentication. Your requirements include: encrypting data at rest, encrypting data in transit, and dynamically masking PII columns for non-privileged users. Which THREE features should you implement?

A company uses Azure Disk Encryption (ADE) on Windows virtual machines. They use a key encryption key (KEK) stored in Azure Key Vault to wrap the disk encryption key. The security policy requires that the KEK be automatically rotated every 90 days. They need to ensure that after rotation, the OS and data disks of running VMs automatically get re-wrapped with the new KEK version. Which configuration should they implement?

A company uses Azure SQL Database to store customer data, including credit card numbers. The security policy requires that database administrators (DBAs) must not be able to view the credit card numbers in plaintext. The column containing the credit card numbers must be encrypted at rest and in transit, and only a specific application (using a dedicated client library) should be able to decrypt the data. Which technology should they implement?

A company stores sensitive financial documents in Azure Blob Storage. The security team needs to maintain an immutable log of all changes to the blob content, including the previous versions and the identity of the user who made the changes, for forensic analysis. Which Azure Storage feature should they enable on the storage account to meet this requirement?

A company uses Azure Key Vault to store keys and secrets. They want to ensure that even if an administrator accidentally deletes a key, it can be recovered for up to 90 days. Additionally, they want to prevent anyone from permanently purging the key during that period. Which two features must be enabled?

You are designing a secure database solution for a financial application using Azure SQL Database. The database contains highly sensitive columns (e.g., credit card numbers). Which combination of features should you implement to protect data at rest, in transit, and in use, while minimizing performance impact?

A company uses Azure Key Vault to store secrets. They want to grant developers the ability to read secrets, but only for specific secret names (e.g., 'App--ConnectionString'). They also want to use Azure RBAC instead of the Key Vault access policy model. Which RBAC role should they assign, and at which scope?

A company uses Azure SQL Database with Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) using a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. The Key Vault has a firewall enabled that denies all public network access. The SQL server has a system-assigned managed identity assigned the 'Key Vault Crypto Service Encryption User' role. However, TDE operations are failing because the SQL server cannot access the Key Vault. What additional configuration is needed?

A company has an Azure Storage account with infrastructure encryption enabled. They configure the storage account to use customer-managed keys (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault for encryption at rest. Despite this configuration, newly uploaded blobs are still encrypted with Microsoft-managed keys. What is the most likely cause?

You are a security engineer for Contoso Ltd., a multinational company that uses Azure extensively. The company has a custom line-of-business application hosted on Azure VMs. The application stores sensitive customer data in Azure SQL Database. The security policy requires: (1) All data at rest must be encrypted using customer-managed keys stored in Azure Key Vault. (2) Encryption keys must be rotated automatically every 90 days. (3) Access to the keys must be audited. (4) The application must not have direct access to the key vault; only Azure services should access keys on behalf of the application. You need to recommend a solution. What should you do?

Your organization uses Azure Storage accounts with blob containers. You need to ensure that only authorized applications can access the storage account, without using shared keys or shared access signatures. What should you configure?

A company uses Azure Blob Storage to store sensitive documents. The security policy requires that the storage account can only be accessed from a specific Azure virtual network (VNet) and that all access must use Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) authentication. They want to block any access that uses storage account keys or shared access signatures (SAS). Which configuration should they implement?

Drag and drop the steps to configure Azure Defender for SQL on an Azure SQL Database into the correct order.

A company stores sensitive job processing messages in Azure Queue Storage. They have a web application running on an Azure virtual machine in a VNet that reads and writes to the queue. The security team requires that only the web application's VM can access the queue, and all access from the public internet must be blocked. Which configuration should they implement?

Drag and drop the steps to implement Azure AD Identity Protection to detect risky sign-ins into the correct order.

A company is enabling Azure Disk Encryption (ADE) on Windows virtual machines. They have enabled soft-delete on Azure Key Vault and configured a Key Encryption Key (KEK). However, the disk encryption fails with an error indicating that the key vault does not have the required permissions. What is the most likely missing configuration?

A company stores sensitive healthcare data in Azure SQL Database. They need to encrypt specific columns containing patient diagnosis codes so that even database administrators with the 'sysadmin' role cannot view the plaintext. The application must be able to perform equality searches (WHERE clauses) on the encrypted columns. Which encryption technology should they implement?

A healthcare organization stores sensitive patient data in Azure SQL Database. They need to encrypt specific columns containing medical history so that even database administrators with highly privileged roles, such as 'sysadmin', cannot view the plaintext data. Additionally, they need to support complex queries on the encrypted data, including pattern matching and range comparisons. Which encryption technology should they implement?

A company uses Azure Managed Disks for their virtual machines. They want to ensure that all managed disks are encrypted at rest using a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. They also want to automatically revoke access to the disks if the key is disabled or deleted. Which feature should they configure?

Drag and drop the steps to enable Azure Security Center's enhanced security features for a subscription into the correct order.

A company stores sensitive files in Azure Files shares. They require encryption at rest using customer-managed keys (CMK) and encryption in transit using SMB 3.0 encryption. They have created a premium Azure Files share in a storage account and configured encryption at rest with a CMK. However, clients are able to connect without enforcing SMB encryption. What additional configuration is necessary to ensure that all connections to the file share are encrypted in transit?

A company stores sensitive financial records in Azure Blob Storage. They want to ensure that if a blob is deleted or overwritten, it can be recovered within 30 days. They also want to protect against accidental deletion of the storage account itself. Which two configurations should they implement? (Choose two.)

A company has an Azure SQL Database that stores personally identifiable information (PII) in columns. They need to encrypt those columns so that only authorized applications can decrypt the data, and even database administrators cannot view the plaintext. Additionally, they need to support equality comparisons (WHERE clauses) on the encrypted columns. Which encryption technology should they use?

You manage Azure Storage accounts for a healthcare organization. To comply with HIPAA, you need to ensure that all data at rest is encrypted and that encryption keys are rotated automatically every 90 days. What should you implement?

A company uses Azure SQL Database with Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) and a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. The Key Vault has a firewall that blocks all public access. The SQL server is a managed service that needs to access the key to perform TDE operations. The Key Vault is in the same Azure region as the SQL server. Which additional configuration is needed?

A company stores critical business data in an Azure Storage account (Blob Storage). They want to ensure that all data is encrypted at rest using a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. They also need to be able to revoke access to the data quickly if a breach is suspected. Which feature should they enable on the storage account to enforce CMK?

A company stores sensitive customer data in an Azure Storage account. The security policy requires that all data be encrypted at rest using a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. They also need the ability to disable the key in case of a security breach and have the data become inaccessible immediately. Which feature should they enable on the storage account to achieve this?

Your company uses Azure SQL Database and wants to protect sensitive data stored in a column named 'CreditCardNumber'. You need to ensure that the data is encrypted at rest and that only authorized users can decrypt the data at the application layer. Additionally, you want to prevent unauthorized administrators from accessing the plaintext. Which solution should you implement?

Your organization uses Azure Files shares. You need to enforce access control using on-premises Active Directory (AD) credentials. The Azure Files share is already created. What should you do?

You need to securely connect to an Azure SQL Database from an on-premises application without exposing the database to the public internet. Which solution should you use?

Your organization uses Azure Files shares for user home directories. You need to enforce that users access these shares only from trusted locations (corporate IP ranges) and that all access is logged. Which combination of actions should you take?

A company uses Azure SQL Database with Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) protected by a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. The Key Vault has a firewall enabled that denies all public network access. The SQL server is a Microsoft service. How can the SQL server be granted access to the key vault to perform TDE operations?

A company uses Azure SQL Database to store personally identifiable information (PII). They need to encrypt specific columns containing social security numbers so that even database administrators with the 'db_owner' role cannot view the plaintext. The application must be able to perform equality searches on the encrypted columns. Which encryption technology should they implement?

A company stores sensitive documents in an Azure Blob Storage account. They have enabled infrastructure encryption and configured the storage account to use a customer-managed key stored in Azure Key Vault for encryption at rest. Despite this, newly uploaded blobs are still encrypted with Microsoft-managed keys. What is the most likely cause?

You need to ensure that all data at rest in an Azure Storage account is encrypted using a customer-managed key. Which feature should you enable?

A healthcare organization stores sensitive patient data in Azure SQL Database. They need to encrypt specific columns containing medical history so that even database administrators with the 'sysadmin' role cannot view the plaintext data. Additionally, they need to support equality comparisons (WHERE clauses) on the encrypted columns. Which encryption technology should they implement?

A company stores sensitive data in Azure Blob Storage. They want to encrypt the data at rest using customer-managed keys (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. Additionally, they want the key to be automatically rotated every 90 days without manual intervention. Which configuration should they implement?

A company uses Azure SQL Database with Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) protected by a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. The Key Vault has a firewall enabled that denies all public network access. The SQL server is in the same region and has a system-assigned managed identity with the 'Key Vault Crypto Service Encryption User' role assigned at the key scope. However, TDE operations fail because the SQL server cannot access the Key Vault. What additional configuration is required to allow the SQL server to access the Key Vault for TDE operations?

A company plans to enable Azure Disk Encryption (ADE) on their Windows virtual machines. They will use a Key Encryption Key (KEK) stored in Azure Key Vault. What additional configuration must be made in the Key Vault to allow the Azure platform to access the KEK for encrypting the VM disks?

A company uses Azure SQL Database and wants to protect sensitive data (e.g., credit card numbers) from database administrators. They require that the data is encrypted at rest and in transit, and only a client application using a specific driver can decrypt it. Which technology should they implement?

You have an Azure Cosmos DB account that stores sensitive data. You need to ensure that all data in transit between the client application and Cosmos DB is encrypted using TLS 1.2 or higher. Additionally, you want to enforce that only Azure services within the same region can access the Cosmos DB account. What two configurations should you implement? (Choose two.)

A company uses Azure SQL Database with Azure Active Directory authentication. To meet compliance requirements, they need to audit all failed login attempts and store the audit logs in a storage account located in a different Azure region for disaster recovery. What should they configure?

You need to protect Azure SQL Database from SQL injection attacks. Which TWO measures should you implement?

Which THREE components are part of Azure Disk Encryption for Windows VMs?

A company stores sensitive data in Azure Blob Storage. They want to enforce encryption at rest using a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. Additionally, they require that the key vault be in a different region than the storage account to protect against regional disasters. Can this be achieved, and if so, what is the implication?

A Key Vault should be accessible only from selected private networks and approved Azure services. Which two settings are most relevant?

A company uses Azure SQL Database with Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) and wants to use a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. The security policy requires that the Key Vault be protected by a firewall and virtual network service endpoints to restrict network access. The storage account for TDE logs is in the same Azure region. Which additional configuration is necessary in the Key Vault to allow Azure SQL Database to access the CMK for encryption operations?

A company enables Azure SQL Database auditing to log database events to a storage account. The security policy requires that the audit logs be protected from tampering and deletion after they are written. Which storage account feature should the company enable to ensure that audit log files cannot be modified or deleted by anyone for a specified retention period?

A company stores business records in Azure Blob Storage. Due to a legal investigation, they must prevent any modification or deletion of the blobs for an indefinite period until the legal hold is released. They also need to ensure that even storage account owners cannot alter the data during the hold. Which blob storage feature should they enable?

A company stores highly sensitive data in Azure Blob Storage. The security policy requires that all data is encrypted at rest using a key that is stored in Azure Key Vault, and that the storage account uses its system-assigned managed identity to access the key. Which encryption configuration should they use?

Your company uses Azure Files shares to store business documents. You need to ensure that access to the shares is restricted to users who have been granted explicit permissions. What should you configure?

A company uses Azure SQL Database with Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) encrypted using a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. The Key Vault is protected by a firewall that denies all public access. The SQL server must be able to access the key for TDE operations. Which additional configuration is necessary in the Key Vault to allow this?

A company stores sensitive data in Azure Blob Storage. They want to ensure that the data is encrypted at rest using a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. Additionally, they need the ability to immediately make the data inaccessible in case of a security breach. Which configuration on the storage account enables this?

A company plans to enable Azure Disk Encryption (ADE) on a fleet of Windows virtual machines. They want to use a key stored in Azure Key Vault to encrypt the disks. Which additional access configuration must be made in the Key Vault to allow ADE to succeed?