Question 1hardmultiple choice
Full question →hardmultiple choiceObjective-mapped
A company uses Azure SQL Database with Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) and a customer-managed key (CMK) stored in Azure Key Vault. The Key Vault has a firewall that blocks all public access. The SQL server is a managed service that needs to access the key to perform TDE operations. The Key Vault is in the same Azure region as the SQL server. Which additional configuration is needed?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Good practice is not just finding the correct option. The wrong answers often show the exact trap the exam wants you to fall into.
A
Best answer
Enable 'Allow trusted Microsoft services to bypass this firewall' in the Key Vault firewall settings
This setting allows trusted Azure services, including Azure SQL Database, to access the Key Vault even when the firewall is enabled, provided the SQL server has appropriate RBAC or access policy permissions.
B
Distractor review
Configure a service endpoint for Microsoft.KeyVault on the SQL server's subnet
Service endpoints are for Azure services to access resources in a VNet, not for a service like SQL Database to access Key Vault. Also, SQL Database is not deployed in a VNet by default.
C
Distractor review
Assign the SQL server's server identity the 'Contributor' role on the Key Vault
The SQL server needs the 'Key Vault Crypto Service Encryption User' role to use the key for TDE. Contributor does not grant key permissions. Also, without the firewall exception, access is blocked anyway.
D
Distractor review
Create a private endpoint for the Key Vault in the SQL server's virtual network
A private endpoint would allow access from a specific VNet, but SQL Database is not deployed in a VNet by default; you would need to use Azure SQL Managed Instance or integrate with VNet. For a regular SQL Database, this is not straightforward and the trusted services exception is the standard solution.
Common exam trap
Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses
Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.
Technical deep dive
How to think about this question
Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
- Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
- Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
- The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.
TExam Day Tips
- Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
- Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
- Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.
Related practice questions
Related AZ-500 practice-question pages
Use these pages to review the topic behind this question. This is how one missed question becomes focused revision.
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Keep practising from the same exam bank, or move into a focused topic page if this question exposed a weak area.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this AZ-500 question test?
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Enable 'Allow trusted Microsoft services to bypass this firewall' in the Key Vault firewall settings — When Key Vault has a firewall denying public access, Azure services like SQL Database must use a trusted service or a managed identity. The SQL server can be configured to use a system-assigned managed identity, and then you must add a private endpoint or allow trusted Microsoft services to bypass the firewall. The correct configuration is to enable 'Allow trusted Microsoft services to bypass this firewall' in the Key Vault firewall settings. This allows the SQL server (as a trusted service) to access the key using its managed identity. Alternatively, you can use a private endpoint, but the simpler and required setting is the trusted services exception.
What should I do if I get this AZ-500 question wrong?
Then try more questions from the same exam bank and focus on understanding why the wrong options are tempting.
Discussion
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