- A
The routes are advertised with next hop 0.0.0.0, which will cause the neighbor to drop them.
Correct. The next hop 0.0.0.0 in the advertised-routes output indicates that the routes are locally originated, but for VPNv4, the router should set a valid next hop before sending the update. The neighbor will likely drop these routes because the next hop 0.0.0.0 is unreachable.
- B
The routes are being advertised correctly.
Why wrong: Incorrect. The next hop 0.0.0.0 is invalid for advertisement; it will cause the neighbor to drop the routes. The routes are not being advertised correctly.
- C
The BGP table version is 5, indicating a problem.
Why wrong: Incorrect. The BGP table version being 5 is normal and does not indicate a problem.
- D
The routes have weight 0, which is incorrect.
Why wrong: Incorrect. The weight of 32768 is typical for locally originated routes and does not indicate a problem.
300-410 VRF-Lite Practice Question
This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of vrf-lite. Examine the command output carefully: the correct answer depends on what the output actually shows, not on general recall alone. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A network engineer runs the following command on Router R1:
R1# show ip bgp vpnv4 vrf RED neighbors 10.1.1.2 advertised-routes
BGP table version is 5, local router ID is 192.168.0.1 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, t secondary path, L long-lived-stale, Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *> 192.168.1.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i *> 192.168.2.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i
Total number of prefixes 2
Based on this output, what is the problem?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
The routes are advertised with next hop 0.0.0.0, which will cause the neighbor to drop them.
The 'show ip bgp vpnv4 vrf RED neighbors 10.1.1.2 advertised-routes' command displays routes that are candidates for advertisement. A next hop of 0.0.0.0 in this output indicates that the route is locally originated, but when the router actually sends the update, it will set the next hop to its own BGP update source IP. However, for VPNv4 routes, the standard behavior is that the next hop is not modified unless configured otherwise. In this case, the routes are advertised with next hop 0.0.0.0, which is invalid. The neighbor will likely discard these routes because the next hop is unreachable. Therefore, there is a problem: the routes are not being advertised correctly. Option B is incorrect because the next hop 0.0.0.0 is not valid for advertisement. Options C and D describe normal conditions: table version 5 is typical, and weight 32768 indicates locally originated routes.
Key principle: OSPF neighbour adjacency depends on matching area, hello/dead timers, network type, and authentication — IP reachability alone is not enough.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
The routes are advertised with next hop 0.0.0.0, which will cause the neighbor to drop them.
Why this is correct
Correct. The next hop 0.0.0.0 in the advertised-routes output indicates that the routes are locally originated, but for VPNv4, the router should set a valid next hop before sending the update. The neighbor will likely drop these routes because the next hop 0.0.0.0 is unreachable.
Related concept
OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
- ✗
The routes are being advertised correctly.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. The next hop 0.0.0.0 is invalid for advertisement; it will cause the neighbor to drop the routes. The routes are not being advertised correctly.
- ✗
The BGP table version is 5, indicating a problem.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. The BGP table version being 5 is normal and does not indicate a problem.
- ✗
The routes have weight 0, which is incorrect.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. The weight of 32768 is typical for locally originated routes and does not indicate a problem.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: OSPF can fail even when IP connectivity looks correct
OSPF neighbour formation depends on matching areas, timers, network type, authentication and passive-interface behaviour. Do not choose an answer only because the devices can ping.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
OSPF questions usually test the details that control adjacency and route selection. Read the neighbour state, area, router ID and interface configuration before deciding what is wrong.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
- Router ID selection can affect neighbour relationships and LSDB output.
- OSPF cost influences the preferred path.
- A route can appear in OSPF information but not become the installed route.
TExam Day Tips
- Check area mismatch first when OSPF adjacency fails.
- Review passive interfaces when a network is advertised but no neighbour forms.
- Use show ip ospf neighbor and show ip route clues carefully.
Key takeaway
OSPF neighbour adjacency depends on matching area, hello/dead timers, network type, and authentication — IP reachability alone is not enough.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A network engineer at a university connects two campus buildings via a fibre link. Both routers run OSPF, but no adjacency forms — even though both routers can ping each other. The engineer finds one router is in area 0 and the other in area 1. OSPF adjacency requires matching area numbers, hello/dead timers, and network type. IP reachability alone is not enough.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review OSPF neighbour requirements — matching area type, hello and dead timers, network type, stub flags, and authentication. Study show ip ospf neighbor states (INIT, 2-WAY, FULL). Then practise related 300-410 OSPF questions on adjacency and route selection.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this 300-410 question test?
VRF-Lite — This question tests VRF-Lite — OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The routes are advertised with next hop 0.0.0.0, which will cause the neighbor to drop them. — The 'show ip bgp vpnv4 vrf RED neighbors 10.1.1.2 advertised-routes' command displays routes that are candidates for advertisement. A next hop of 0.0.0.0 in this output indicates that the route is locally originated, but when the router actually sends the update, it will set the next hop to its own BGP update source IP. However, for VPNv4 routes, the standard behavior is that the next hop is not modified unless configured otherwise. In this case, the routes are advertised with next hop 0.0.0.0, which is invalid. The neighbor will likely discard these routes because the next hop is unreachable. Therefore, there is a problem: the routes are not being advertised correctly. Option B is incorrect because the next hop 0.0.0.0 is not valid for advertisement. Options C and D describe normal conditions: table version 5 is typical, and weight 32768 indicates locally originated routes.
What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?
Review OSPF neighbour requirements — matching area type, hello and dead timers, network type, stub flags, and authentication. Study show ip ospf neighbor states (INIT, 2-WAY, FULL). Then practise related 300-410 OSPF questions on adjacency and route selection.
What is the key concept behind this question?
OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
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Last reviewed: Jun 18, 2026
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