- A
Both transform sets are configured with the same encryption and authentication algorithms.
Why wrong: Both transform sets share the same encryption and authentication algorithms, but this is not the key indication for DMVPN. The critical difference is the mode (tunnel vs. transport), so A is not the best answer.
- B
The transform set 'combined' is used for DMVPN because it uses tunnel mode.
Why wrong: Incorrect because DMVPN typically uses transport mode.
- C
The transform set 'TS1' is used for DMVPN because it uses transport mode.
TS1 uses transport mode, which is required for DMVPN mGRE tunnels. Transport mode encapsulates only the payload, allowing the original IP header to remain for the mGRE tunnel.
- D
No transform sets are configured; the output is empty.
Why wrong: Incorrect because two transform sets are shown.
Choosing Correct IPsec Transform Set Mode: Tunnel vs Transport for DMVPN
This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of dmvpn. Examine the command output carefully: the correct answer depends on what the output actually shows, not on general recall alone. A key principle to apply: iPsec Transform Set. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A network engineer runs the following command to verify IPsec transform sets on a DMVPN hub:
R1# show crypto ipsec transform-set
Transform set combined: { esp-aes 256 esp-sha-hmac } will negotiate = { Tunnel, },
Transform set TS1: { esp-aes 256 esp-sha-hmac } will negotiate = { Transport, },
What does this output indicate?
Quick Answer
The correct answer is that transform set 'TS1' is used for DMVPN because it specifies transport mode. DMVPN relies on mGRE tunnels, which already provide the outer IP header for encapsulation, so IPsec should operate in transport mode to avoid double encapsulation—only the payload is encrypted while the original IP header is preserved. On the Cisco CCNP ENARSI 300-410 exam, this concept tests your understanding of how IPsec interacts with DMVPN overlay networks; a common trap is assuming tunnel mode is always correct for VPNs, but DMVPN’s mGRE architecture specifically requires transport mode to maintain routing and NHRP functionality. Remember the key distinction: tunnel mode encapsulates the entire original packet with a new IP header (used for site-to-site VPNs), while transport mode only encrypts the payload, leaving the original header intact. A helpful memory tip is “DMVPN rides on mGRE, so IPsec rides in transport—no extra tunnel needed.”
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
The transform set 'TS1' is used for DMVPN because it uses transport mode.
The output displays two transform sets: 'combined' with tunnel mode and 'TS1' with transport mode. DMVPN uses mGRE tunnels that require IPsec transport mode, as transport mode preserves the original IP header for the mGRE encapsulation. Therefore, the output indicates that TS1 (transport mode) is the appropriate transform set for DMVPN. Option A is incorrect because while both sets use the same algorithms, the key indication for DMVPN is the mode, not the algorithms.
Key principle: IPsec Transform Set
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Both transform sets are configured with the same encryption and authentication algorithms.
Why it's wrong here
Both transform sets share the same encryption and authentication algorithms, but this is not the key indication for DMVPN. The critical difference is the mode (tunnel vs. transport), so A is not the best answer.
- ✗
The transform set 'combined' is used for DMVPN because it uses tunnel mode.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect because DMVPN typically uses transport mode.
- ✓
The transform set 'TS1' is used for DMVPN because it uses transport mode.
Why this is correct
TS1 uses transport mode, which is required for DMVPN mGRE tunnels. Transport mode encapsulates only the payload, allowing the original IP header to remain for the mGRE tunnel.
Related concept
IPsec Transform Set
- ✗
No transform sets are configured; the output is empty.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect because two transform sets are shown.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Trap categories for this question
Command / output trap
Incorrect because two transform sets are shown.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Treat this as a scenario question. Identify the problem, the constraint, and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- IPsec Transform Set
- Transport Mode vs Tunnel Mode
- DMVPN IPsec Requirements
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
IPsec Transform Set
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A practitioner preparing for the 300-410 exam encounters this exact type of scenario on the job. The correct answer here is not the most general option — it is the best answer for the specific constraint described. IPsec Transform Set Real exam questions reward reading the full scenario before eliminating options, because the constraint defines which answer fits.
Quick reference
VPN Protocol Comparison
| Protocol | Port | Encryption | Authentication | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IKEv2 / IPsec | UDP 500 / 4500 | AES-256 | Certificates / PSK | Site-to-site & remote access |
| SSL / TLS VPN | TCP 443 | TLS 1.3 | Certificates / MFA | Clientless remote access |
| L2TP / IPsec | UDP 1701 | AES (IPsec) | PSK / Certificates | Legacy remote access |
| WireGuard | UDP 51820 | ChaCha20 | Public keys | Modern high-performance VPN |
| PPTP | TCP 1723 | MPPE (weak) | MS-CHAPv2 | Legacy — avoid in production |
PPTP is considered insecure. IKEv2/IPsec and SSL VPN are the current recommended options.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review iPsec Transform Set, then practise related 300-410 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.
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DMVPN — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this 300-410 question test?
DMVPN — This question tests DMVPN — IPsec Transform Set.
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The transform set 'TS1' is used for DMVPN because it uses transport mode. — The output displays two transform sets: 'combined' with tunnel mode and 'TS1' with transport mode. DMVPN uses mGRE tunnels that require IPsec transport mode, as transport mode preserves the original IP header for the mGRE encapsulation. Therefore, the output indicates that TS1 (transport mode) is the appropriate transform set for DMVPN. Option A is incorrect because while both sets use the same algorithms, the key indication for DMVPN is the mode, not the algorithms.
What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?
Review iPsec Transform Set, then practise related 300-410 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.
What is the key concept behind this question?
IPsec Transform Set
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Last reviewed: Jun 18, 2026
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