- A
The ACL permits only SNMP and SSH, but blocks other necessary traffic such as ICMP and routing protocol packets, preventing the monitoring server from reaching R2 and R3.
The implicit deny at the end of the ACL blocks all traffic not explicitly permitted, including ICMP echo requests and routing updates, which are needed for end-to-end connectivity.
- B
The ACL is applied in the wrong direction; it should be applied outbound to allow traffic from the management interface.
Why wrong: Applying the ACL inbound filters traffic entering the interface; outbound would filter traffic leaving. The direction is correct for filtering incoming management traffic, but the content is insufficient.
- C
SNMP and SSH are not enabled on R2 and R3.
Why wrong: The scenario states SNMP is enabled on R2 and SSH on R3.
- D
The monitoring server is not in the same subnet as the management interface, so routing is required but blocked by the ACL.
Why wrong: Routing is needed, but the ACL blocks routing updates, which is part of the issue.
300-410 Device Management Practice Question
This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of device management. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Network management traffic from a monitoring server to routers R1, R2, and R3 is being blocked intermittently. The monitoring server uses SNMP and SSH. R1 configuration: access-list 100 permit udp any any eq snmp, access-list
100 permit tcp any any eq 22, access-list 100 deny ip any any, and 'ip access-group 100 in' on the management interface. R2 shows: 'show snmp' indicates SNMP is enabled. R3 shows: 'show ssh' indicates SSH is enabled. The monitoring server can reach R1 but not R2 or R3. What is the root cause?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
The ACL permits only SNMP and SSH, but blocks other necessary traffic such as ICMP and routing protocol packets, preventing the monitoring server from reaching R2 and R3.
The ACL on R1 permits only SNMP (UDP port 161) and SSH (TCP port 22), but denies all other IP traffic. For the monitoring server to reach R2 and R3, ICMP (for ping/traceroute) and routing protocol packets (e.g., OSPF, EIGRP) are necessary to establish and maintain reachability. Since the ACL blocks these, the server cannot communicate with R2 and R3, even though SNMP and SSH are enabled on those routers.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
The ACL permits only SNMP and SSH, but blocks other necessary traffic such as ICMP and routing protocol packets, preventing the monitoring server from reaching R2 and R3.
- ✗
The ACL is applied in the wrong direction; it should be applied outbound to allow traffic from the management interface.
Why it's wrong here
Applying the ACL inbound filters traffic entering the interface; outbound would filter traffic leaving. The direction is correct for filtering incoming management traffic, but the content is insufficient.
- ✗
SNMP and SSH are not enabled on R2 and R3.
- ✗
The monitoring server is not in the same subnet as the management interface, so routing is required but blocked by the ACL.
Why it's wrong here
Routing is needed, but the ACL blocks routing updates, which is part of the issue.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Cisco often tests the misconception that only application-layer protocols (SNMP, SSH) are needed for management, ignoring that ICMP and routing protocols are essential for basic IP reachability and network stability.
Trap categories for this question
Scenario analysis trap
The scenario states SNMP is enabled on R2 and SSH on R3.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
In Cisco IOS, an ACL applied inbound on an interface filters traffic before it is processed by the router, including control plane traffic like ICMP and routing updates. The implicit 'deny ip any any' at the end of ACL 100 blocks all unpermitted traffic, which can disrupt neighbor discovery (e.g., OSPF hello packets) and path MTU discovery (ICMP unreachable messages). In real-world scenarios, overly restrictive ACLs on management interfaces often cause intermittent connectivity because they block essential Layer 3 maintenance protocols.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A network engineer at a university connects two campus buildings via a fibre link. Both routers run OSPF, but no adjacency forms — even though both routers can ping each other. The engineer finds one router is in area 0 and the other in area 1. OSPF adjacency requires matching area numbers, hello/dead timers, and network type. IP reachability alone is not enough.
Visual reference
Quick reference
Routing Protocol Comparison
| Protocol | Metric | Max Hops | Algorithm | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RIP v2 | Hop count | 15 | Bellman-Ford | Distance vector |
| OSPF | Cost (bandwidth) | Unlimited | Dijkstra (SPF) | Link state |
| EIGRP | Composite metric | Unlimited | DUAL | Hybrid |
| IS-IS | Cost | Unlimited | Dijkstra | Link state |
| BGP | Policy / attributes | Unlimited | Path vector | Path vector |
RIP's 15-hop limit makes it unsuitable for large networks. OSPF and EIGRP dominate modern enterprise deployments.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this 300-410 question test?
Device Management — This question tests Device Management — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The ACL permits only SNMP and SSH, but blocks other necessary traffic such as ICMP and routing protocol packets, preventing the monitoring server from reaching R2 and R3. — The ACL on R1 permits only SNMP (UDP port 161) and SSH (TCP port 22), but denies all other IP traffic. For the monitoring server to reach R2 and R3, ICMP (for ping/traceroute) and routing protocol packets (e.g., OSPF, EIGRP) are necessary to establish and maintain reachability. Since the ACL blocks these, the server cannot communicate with R2 and R3, even though SNMP and SSH are enabled on those routers.
What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jul 4, 2026
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