Quick Answer
The correct countermeasure against WPA2 KRACK attacks is to patch all clients and access points. This is because KRACK exploits a vulnerability in the four-way handshake of WPA2, allowing an attacker to force a nonce reuse and reinstall an already-used encryption key, which breaks the protocol’s security guarantees. The only effective fix is applying security patches that implement the IEEE 802.11 standard update, which prevents the key reinstallation by ensuring the handshake properly validates fresh keys. On the Certified Ethical Hacker CEH exam, this question tests your understanding of wireless attack remediation—a common trap is confusing KRACK with weak-password attacks or suggesting WPS disablement, which does not address the handshake flaw. Remember the memory tip: “Patch the handshake, not the password”—the vulnerability is in the protocol’s key negotiation, not in authentication, so only patching the software stack closes the door.
This CEH practice question tests your understanding of advanced topics: wireless, cloud, iot, cryptography. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Which of the following is a recommended countermeasure against WPA2 KRACK attacks?
Enable MAC filtering
Why wrong: MAC filtering is a weak security measure and does not address the handshake vulnerability.
Patch all clients and access points
Patches implement fixes against key reinstallation attacks.
Disable WPS
Why wrong: WPS is a separate attack vector and does not mitigate KRACK.
Switch to WEP encryption
Why wrong: WEP is weaker than WPA2 and easily cracked.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Patch all clients and access points
KRACK attacks exploit vulnerabilities in the WPA2 4-way handshake key reinstallation. The primary fix is to install security patches on clients and APs that implement the IEEE 802.11 standard update. Disabling WPS does not prevent KRACK, and switching to WEP is less secure.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
Enable MAC filtering
Why it's wrong here
MAC filtering is a weak security measure and does not address the handshake vulnerability.
Patch all clients and access points
Why this is correct
Patches implement fixes against key reinstallation attacks.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
Disable WPS
Why it's wrong here
WPS is a separate attack vector and does not mitigate KRACK.
Switch to WEP encryption
Why it's wrong here
WEP is weaker than WPA2 and easily cracked.
Common exam traps
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.
What to study next
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related CEH NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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FAQ
Advanced Topics: Wireless, Cloud, IoT, Cryptography — This question tests Advanced Topics: Wireless, Cloud, IoT, Cryptography — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
The correct answer is: Patch all clients and access points — KRACK attacks exploit vulnerabilities in the WPA2 4-way handshake key reinstallation. The primary fix is to install security patches on clients and APs that implement the IEEE 802.11 standard update. Disabling WPS does not prevent KRACK, and switching to WEP is less secure.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related CEH NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 21, 2026
This CEH practice question is part of Courseiva's free EC-Council certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the CEH exam.
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