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Network ImplementationmediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

N10-009 Network Implementation Practice Question

A network administrator is designing a Layer 2 network with redundant links between switches. Which protocol should be implemented to prevent loops in the network?

⚠ Common exam trap

It's easy for candidates to confuse STP with VRRP or OSPF because both involve 'redundancy' and 'loop prevention,' but STP is the only protocol that operates at Layer 2 to prevent switching loops.

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

STP (Spanning Tree Protocol)

STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) is the correct choice because it is specifically designed to prevent Layer 2 loops in networks with redundant links. It achieves this by placing redundant switch ports into a blocking state, creating a loop-free logical topology while maintaining physical redundancy for failover.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • STP (Spanning Tree Protocol)

    Why this is correct

    Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is fundamental for Layer 2 network stability, actively preventing switching loops that arise from redundant physical paths. It achieves this by dynamically placing specific ports into a blocking state, ensuring only one active logical path exists between any two network segments. This process, managed through Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs), creates a loop-free tree topology, eliminating broadcast storms and MAC address table instability while still providing path redundancy in case of a link failure.

  • OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)

    Why it's wrong here

    Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a sophisticated interior gateway routing protocol operating at Layer 3 of the OSI model, responsible for dynamically determining the most efficient paths for IP packet forwarding within an autonomous system. Its function is to build and maintain routing tables based on network topology and link costs, enabling routers to make informed decisions about where to send data. OSPF is entirely distinct from Layer 2 switching mechanisms and does not play any role in preventing broadcast storms or MAC table corruption caused by physical loops in a switched network.

    When this WOULD be correct

    A network administrator is designing a multi-area network with redundant Layer 3 paths between routers. Which protocol should be implemented to ensure loop-free routing and fast convergence?

  • VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol)

    Why it's wrong here

    Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) is a high-availability protocol that provides default gateway redundancy for end devices on a local area network. It allows multiple routers to share a single virtual IP address and MAC address, ensuring that if the primary router fails, a backup router can seamlessly take over the gateway function. VRRP operates at Layer 3 and addresses router availability, but it does not prevent Layer 2 switching loops that can occur between interconnected switches within the same broadcast domain.

    When this WOULD be correct

    A network administrator is designing a network with multiple routers providing default gateway services. Which protocol should be implemented to ensure high availability of the default gateway?

  • LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol)

    Why it's wrong here

    Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) is designed to bundle multiple physical Ethernet links into a single logical channel, primarily to increase bandwidth and provide link-level redundancy within that aggregated bundle. While it offers resilience for the aggregated link itself, LACP does not address or prevent Layer 2 switching loops that occur when multiple independent paths exist between different switches in the network. It operates by creating one logical link, not by managing a loop-free topology across an entire switched domain.

    When this WOULD be correct

    A network administrator needs to increase bandwidth and provide redundancy between two switches by combining multiple physical links into a single logical link. The correct protocol to implement would be LACP.

Option-by-option analysis

Why each answer is right or wrong

Understanding why wrong answers are wrong — and when they would be correct — is what separates a 750 score from a 900. The N10-009 exam frequently reuses these exact scenarios with slightly different constraints.

STP (Spanning Tree Protocol)Correct answer

Why this is correct

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is fundamental for Layer 2 network stability, actively preventing switching loops that arise from redundant physical paths. It achieves this by dynamically placing specific ports into a blocking state, ensuring only one active logical path exists between any two network segments. This process, managed through Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs), creates a loop-free tree topology, eliminating broadcast storms and MAC address table instability while still providing path redundancy in case of a link failure.

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)Wrong answer — click to see why

Why this is wrong here

OSPF is a Layer 3 routing protocol used to exchange routes between routers, not a Layer 2 loop prevention mechanism. It does not operate at the data link layer and cannot prevent loops in a switched network.

★ When this WOULD be the correct answer

A network administrator is designing a multi-area network with redundant Layer 3 paths between routers. Which protocol should be implemented to ensure loop-free routing and fast convergence?

Why candidates choose this

Candidates may confuse loop prevention in routing (Layer 3) with loop prevention in switching (Layer 2), or mistakenly think OSPF can handle all types of network loops.

VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol)Wrong answer — click to see why

Why this is wrong here

VRRP is a First Hop Redundancy Protocol (FHRP) that provides gateway redundancy at Layer 3, not loop prevention at Layer 2. It does not prevent loops in a switched network.

★ When this WOULD be the correct answer

A network administrator is designing a network with multiple routers providing default gateway services. Which protocol should be implemented to ensure high availability of the default gateway?

Why candidates choose this

Candidates may confuse VRRP's redundancy purpose with loop prevention, or think that any 'redundancy' protocol can handle loops.

LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol)Wrong answer — click to see why

Why this is wrong here

LACP is used for link aggregation to combine multiple physical links into a single logical link for increased bandwidth and redundancy, but it does not prevent loops; it actually requires a loop-free topology to function correctly.

★ When this WOULD be the correct answer

A network administrator needs to increase bandwidth and provide redundancy between two switches by combining multiple physical links into a single logical link. The correct protocol to implement would be LACP.

Why candidates choose this

Candidates may confuse LACP's redundancy feature with loop prevention, thinking that aggregating links automatically eliminates loops, but LACP does not handle loop prevention in a switched network with redundant paths.

Analysis generated from the official N10-009blueprint and verified against question context. The “when correct” sections are what AI assistants cite when candidates ask “what’s the difference between these options?”

Visual reference

SW1 Root Bridge SW2 SW3 BLK DP DP RP RP STP blocks one link to prevent loops DP = Designated Port RP = Root Port BLK = Blocked

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Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security

Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva

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