Application Deployment

You have a Deployment with 'replicas: 3' and the HPA is configured with 'targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 80'. The current CPU usage is at 60% across all pods, but the HPA has scaled up to 5 replicas. What is the most likely reason?

Which command scales a Deployment named 'web' to 5 replicas?

You are performing a rolling update of a Deployment. You set maxSurge=2 and maxUnavailable=1. The Deployment has 5 replicas. During the update, how many pods can be running simultaneously?

You have a Deployment with the following strategy: type: Recreate. What happens when you update the pod template?

You are using Kustomize with a base and an overlay. The base sets a Deployment's replicas to 3. The overlay sets replicas to 5 using a patch. What is the final replica count after running 'kubectl apply -k overlay/'?

Which Helm command installs a chart from a repository?

You have installed a Helm chart for 'wordpress' using 'helm install my-wordpress bitnami/wordpress'. Later, you want to check the status of the release. Which command lists the status of all releases?

Which kubectl command can you use to pause a rolling update of a Deployment?

A developer wants to perform a canary deployment where 10% of traffic goes to a new version (v2) of an application. They create two Deployments (app-v1 and app-v2) and a Service. The Service selector is configured to match labels: 'app: myapp, version: v1'. How can they route 10% of traffic to v2 with minimal changes?

A company wants to deploy a stateful database on Kubernetes. The database requires stable network identities and persistent storage per pod. Which resource should be used?

You have a Deployment with replicas: 5 and update strategy type: RollingUpdate with maxSurge: 25% and maxUnavailable: 25%. During a rolling update, what is the maximum number of pods that can be unavailable at any given time?

Which of the following is a correct Kustomize kustomization.yaml configuration for setting an image tag to 'v2'?

Which TWO of the following are correct methods to implement a canary deployment using Kubernetes resources?

Which TWO of the following conditions must be met for a RollingUpdate to proceed?

A team is deploying a multi-container pod with a main application container and a sidecar container for logging. Which THREE statements about pod design are correct?

Which command is used to rollback a Deployment to the previous revision?

During a rolling update, you want to ensure that at most 2 pods are unavailable at any time. Which field should you set in the Deployment spec?

A developer wants to deploy a stateless application as a set of identical pods. They need the pods to be distributed across nodes and have stable network identities. Which resource should they use?

A developer is creating a Deployment with 4 replicas. The application requires a rolling update with zero downtime. Which TWO strategies ensure zero downtime during an update?

A Deployment is configured with strategy type 'Recreate'. What happens during an update to the pod template?

You need to perform a rolling update of a Deployment named 'web-app' with a new image version. Which command should you use?

You have a Helm release named 'my-app' that you want to revert to revision 3. Which command accomplishes this?

You have a Deployment named 'frontend' with 4 replicas. You want to perform a rolling update with the following constraints: the number of pods above the desired count should never exceed 1, and the number of unavailable pods should never exceed 0. Which deployment strategy configuration achieves this?

During a rolling update of a Deployment with 10 replicas, you set maxSurge to 3 and maxUnavailable to 2. What is the maximum number of pods that can be unavailable during the update?

A HorizontalPodAutoscaler (HPA) is configured to scale a Deployment based on CPU utilization. The target CPU utilization percentage is set to 80%. The current CPU utilization is 90%. What will the HPA do?

When using 'kubectl apply' vs 'kubectl create', which statement is correct?

Which kubectl command is used to view the rollout history of a Deployment?

You have a Deployment named 'web-app' with 5 replicas. You want to perform a rolling update with a maximum of 2 extra pods during the update and allow at most 1 pod to be unavailable. Which YAML snippet correctly configures the rolling update strategy?

You have a Deployment named 'web-app' with 5 replicas. You run 'kubectl set image deployment/web-app app=nginx:1.21'. What is the effect of this command?

What is the purpose of the 'kubectl rollout status' command?

Which of the following are valid kubectl commands for managing rollouts? (Select all that apply)

Which THREE statements correctly describe Kustomize? (Select THREE.)

You want to update a Deployment's image from nginx:1.20 to nginx:1.21. Which command will perform a rolling update?

A Deployment has been updated with a new image. After running 'kubectl rollout status deployment/myapp', you see that the rollout has stalled. You want to undo the rollout to the previous revision. What command do you run?

You are performing a blue-green deployment. You have two Deployments: 'app-blue' and 'app-green', each with 5 replicas. Both are labeled with 'app: myapp'. The Service 'myapp-svc' selects pods with 'app: myapp' and 'version: blue'. After deploying the new version to 'app-green' and verifying it, what change is required to switch traffic to the green deployment?

Your Deployment is stuck during rollout, and you want to investigate. Which command pauses the rollout and allows you to check the current state?

You have a YAML file 'deploy.yaml' that defines a Deployment. Which command creates the Deployment if it does not exist, or updates it if it already exists?

You want to scale a Deployment named 'frontend' to 5 replicas. Which command should you use?

A company wants to ensure zero-downtime deployments for a stateless web application running in Kubernetes. They have a single Deployment with 3 replicas and a Service of type LoadBalancer. Which strategy should they use to achieve this?

A Deployment is configured with strategy type 'Recreate'. Which statement about this strategy is true?

Which kubectl command is used to view the rollout status of a Deployment named 'web-app'?

Which of the following are valid methods to perform a blue-green deployment? (Choose TWO)

A Deployment has 3 replicas. You run 'kubectl scale deployment mydeploy --replicas=5'. What happens?

You have a Helm chart that deploys a web application. You want to conditionally include a ConfigMap in the release based on a value 'config.enabled'. Which template syntax correctly implements this?

Which TWO statements about Kustomize are true?

Which kubectl command can be used to see the rollout status of a Deployment named 'web-app'?

Which TWO statements about kubectl apply vs kubectl create are correct? (Select two)

Which of the following is the correct way to scale a Deployment named 'api' to 5 replicas using kubectl?

A Deployment named 'web-app' has 4 replicas. You need to perform a rolling update with a maxSurge of 50% and maxUnavailable of 25%. Which YAML snippet configures this correctly?

You are implementing a blue-green deployment using Kubernetes Deployments and Services. The 'blue' Deployment runs version 1.0, and the 'green' Deployment runs version 2.0. What is the key mechanism to switch traffic from blue to green?

You have a Deployment 'app' with the following strategy configuration: 'type: RollingUpdate', 'rollingUpdate: {maxSurge: 0, maxUnavailable: 1}'. You update the container image. What is the behavior during the update?

Which TWO of the following are valid uses of Kubernetes Annotations? (Select two.)

Which command lists all Helm releases in the current namespace?

You want to perform a rolling update of a Deployment. The Deployment has a maxSurge=1 and maxUnavailable=0. How many extra pods can be created above the desired count during the update?

You want to add an annotation to a pod without modifying the pod template. Which approach should you use?

You have deployed an application using Helm. You want to see the history of revisions for the release 'frontend' in the 'web' namespace. Which command should you use?

You are performing a blue-green deployment. You have two Deployments: 'app-blue' (current) and 'app-green' (new). Both have labels 'app: myapp' and 'version: blue' or 'version: green' respectively. The Service 'myapp-svc' selects pods with 'app: myapp, version: blue'. How do you switch traffic to the green deployment?

In a Deployment, what is the purpose of the 'maxUnavailable' field in the rolling update strategy?

You have a Deployment that uses the Recreate strategy. You update the container image. What happens to the existing pods?

A Helm chart has the following template snippet: '{{ .Values.replicaCount }}'. You want to set replicaCount to 5 during installation. Which command should you use?

You have a Deployment with the following strategy: rollingUpdate: maxSurge: 25%, maxUnavailable: 25%. The Deployment has 4 replicas. During an update, what is the minimum number of pods guaranteed to be available?

You have a Deployment with 3 replicas. You run 'kubectl rollout pause deployment/app'. Which command would you use to resume the rollout?

Which THREE of the following are valid Kustomize features? (Select THREE)

You manage a Deployment named 'web' in namespace 'prod' whose pods mount a ConfigMap named 'web-config' as a volume at /etc/web. You update the ConfigMap data, but the running pods still serve the old configuration because the application only reads the mounted file at startup. You must roll out the new configuration to all pods with zero downtime and preserve the ability to roll back. What is the MOST appropriate action?

Which TWO of the following are valid strategies for updating a Deployment?

You are using a canary deployment strategy with Deployments and Services. You have a stable version (v1) and a canary version (v2). Both Deployments have the label 'app: myapp'. The Service selector is 'app: myapp'. How can you route a small percentage of traffic to the canary?

You are using a canary deployment pattern with two Deployments: 'web-stable' (version 1) and 'web-canary' (version 2). Both have the label 'app: web'. The Service 'web-svc' selects pods with 'app: web' and 'version: stable'. How do you route traffic to the canary?

You are deploying a stateful application as a StatefulSet named 'db' with three replicas and a headless Service named 'db-headless'. The application requires each pod to have a stable network identity and its own persistent storage that survives pod rescheduling. Which combination of StatefulSet fields ensures this behavior?

Which kubectl command is used to view the rollout status of a Deployment?

You want to undo a rollout to the previous revision. Which command should you use?

A developer needs to run a one-time batch job to process data. After completion, the pod should be retained for logs inspection. Which Job configuration parameter should be set?

You have a Deployment that is failing after a rollout. You want to revert to the previous revision. Which command accomplishes this?

What is the effect of running 'kubectl rollout pause deployment web'?

Which TWO of the following are correct ways to pause a rollout of a Deployment named 'myapp'? (Select TWO)

You want to perform a canary deployment where 10% of traffic goes to the new version. You have a Deployment 'app-v1' with 10 replicas. You create a second Deployment 'app-v2' with 1 replica and a new Service. What Kubernetes resource is typically used to split traffic between the two Services?

Which FOUR of the following are valid fields in a HorizontalPodAutoscaler (HPA) v2 specification?

You want to perform a canary deployment. You have a Deployment 'app-v1' with 10 replicas. You create a new Deployment 'app-v2' with 1 replica. Both have the label 'app: myapp'. The Service 'myapp-svc' uses selector 'app: myapp'. How do you gradually increase traffic to v2?

A team is deploying a microservice that must be reachable within the cluster via a stable DNS name. They also need to distribute traffic among pods. Which Kubernetes resource provides both service discovery and load balancing?

Which Helm command is used to install a chart from a repository?

You need to perform a blue-green deployment using Deployments and Services. What is the most common approach to switch traffic from the old version (blue) to the new version (green)?

What is the purpose of the 'values.yaml' file in a Helm chart?

Which THREE of the following are valid ways to update a Deployment's container image in Kubernetes?

A company wants to deploy a stateless web application on Kubernetes. The application needs to be accessible externally via a stable IP address and should support SSL termination at the ingress level. Which resource should be used to route external traffic to the application?

A developer needs to run a one-off batch job that processes a queue and must complete exactly once before the pod is terminated. The container image is 'registry.example.com/worker:1.4'. Which resource should be created to meet this requirement?

Which TWO are valid fields in a Deployment's rollingUpdate configuration? (Select 2)

Which THREE of the following are correct statements about Helm?

Which TWO of the following are correct about the difference between 'kubectl apply' and 'kubectl create'?

Which command shows the rollout history of a Deployment named 'web'?

During a rolling update, you want to ensure that a maximum of 2 extra pods are created above the desired replicas. Which field should you set in the Deployment spec?

Which kubectl command shows the rollout history of a Deployment named 'app'?

Which THREE of the following are valid reasons to use a HorizontalPodAutoscaler (HPA) with a Deployment?

When performing a rolling update of a Deployment with 'maxSurge: 1' and 'maxUnavailable: 0', how many additional pods can be created above the desired replicas during the update?

You want to use Kustomize to apply a patch to a Deployment in the 'overlays/production' directory. Which command should you run from the kustomization directory?

You have a Helm chart for an application. You want to upgrade the release but only if the upgrade does not introduce breaking changes. Which command should you use?

You have a HorizontalPodAutoscaler (HPA) that targets CPU utilization at 50%. The current average CPU utilization is 80%. The HPA has a stabilization window of 300 seconds and a scale-down policy with a periodSeconds of 60. CPU utilization drops to 40%. How long will it take for the HPA to begin scaling down?

During a rolling update of a Deployment, you notice that new pods are failing readiness probes. The rollout is stalled. Which command would you use to abort the rollout and revert to the previous revision?

You have an HPA that scales a Deployment based on CPU utilization. You want to prevent the Deployment from scaling down for at least 5 minutes. Which HPA behavior field should you configure?

What is the purpose of the 'maxUnavailable' field in a Deployment's rolling update configuration?

You have a Deployment 'web-app' with 4 replicas. You want to perform a rolling update such that during the update, at most 2 pods can be unavailable and at most 5 pods can be above the desired replica count. Which TWO of the following strategy configurations achieve this?

Which kubectl command sets the number of replicas for a deployment named 'nginx' to 5?

Which THREE of the following are true about using 'kubectl rollout undo'? (Select three)

A Deployment named 'web' has replicas: 3 and update strategy type: Recreate. You run 'kubectl set image deployment/web web=nginx:1.22'. What immediate effect will this have on the existing pods?

A pod is running but not responding to requests. The developer suspects the liveness probe is misconfigured. Which command can they use to check the probe configuration of a running pod?

You are using Helm to manage a chart. Which commands are valid to list installed releases? (Choose TWO)

A company wants to deploy a stateful database cluster where each pod has its own persistent storage. They need stable network identities and ordered pod creation. Which resource should they use?

A developer needs to deploy a container that runs a batch job to process data once and then exit. The job should be restarted only if it fails. Which Kubernetes resource should be used?

A Deployment has replicas: 3 and uses a ConfigMap. The ConfigMap is updated. The developer wants to update the pods to use the new ConfigMap without recreating the Deployment. What is the correct approach?

You have a Deployment named 'web-app' with 5 replicas. You run the command: kubectl set image deployment/web-app web-app=nginx:1.25. Which command can you use to monitor the progress of the rollout?

Which TWO commands can be used to update the image of a Deployment? (Select two)

You have a Deployment that is currently paused. You want to resume the rollout and then check the status of the rollout. Which set of commands should you run?

What is the difference between 'kubectl apply' and 'kubectl create'?

Which commands list all Helm releases in the current namespace? (Select all that apply)

During a canary deployment, you want to send 10% of traffic to the new version. You have two Deployments: 'app-stable' (version: stable) and 'app-canary' (version: canary). You use a Service with label selector 'app: myapp' and a second selector for version. How can you achieve the 10% traffic split?

A Helm chart is installed with the command 'helm install myapp ./mychart'. You need to upgrade the release with new values from a file 'prod-values.yaml'. Which command is correct?

Which TWO of the following are valid non-interactive methods to update a Deployment's image?

Which command is used to undo the most recent rollout of a Deployment named 'myapp'?

You are using Kustomize. Your kustomization.yaml file specifies a base and an overlay. You run: kubectl apply -k overlays/production. What happens?

A developer is deploying a web application that requires 2 GiB of memory and 0.5 CPU cores. The cluster nodes have 4 GiB of memory and 2 CPU cores each. The developer wants to ensure the pod gets guaranteed QoS class. Which resource specification should be used?

You have just applied a new Deployment configuration using 'kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml'. You want to see the latest revision number of the rollout. Which command should you run?

You have a Deployment 'web' with 'maxSurge: 25%' and 'maxUnavailable: 25%'. Current replicas is 4. You update the image. How many pods will be created at most during the rollout?

Which TWO of the following are valid methods to perform a blue-green deployment in Kubernetes?

Order the steps to expose a Kubernetes Deployment as a ClusterIP Service.

Which TWO commands can be used to view the rollout history of a Deployment?

Which THREE of the following are valid fields in a Helm chart's values.yaml file that can be used in templates?

You need to perform a canary deployment where 10% of traffic goes to the new version. You have a Deployment 'app-v1' with 9 replicas and 'app-v2' with 1 replica. What must be true for the Service to distribute traffic roughly 90/10?

An administrator runs 'kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml' and later wants to revert to the previous configuration. Which approach is correct?

You want to use Kustomize to apply a patch that adds a sidecar container to all pods in a Deployment. Which Kustomize feature should you use?

Which TWO of the following are true about Kustomize overlays? (Select 2)

You are using the Recreate strategy for a Deployment. What happens during an update?

You want to update a Deployment's image to a new version, ensuring that at most 2 pods are unavailable during the rollout. Which field in the Deployment spec should you set?

Which of the following is a valid method to perform a blue-green deployment in Kubernetes?

Which command is used to scale a Deployment named 'web' to 5 replicas?

Which THREE of the following are valid reasons to use an annotation in Kubernetes?

In a Deployment YAML, which field defines the number of pods to run?

You have a Deployment that uses the 'Recreate' strategy. What happens when you update the pod template (e.g., change the image)?

You have a Helm release named 'myapp' that was installed. You need to see all the releases in the current namespace. Which command do you run?

You want to deploy an application with zero downtime by using a blue-green deployment pattern. Which Kubernetes resources are essential for implementing this strategy?

Which THREE of the following are correct about Kustomize?

You run 'kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml' and later 'kubectl replace -f deployment.yaml' on the same file. What is the difference?

You have created a HorizontalPodAutoscaler (HPA) for a Deployment. The HPA is configured with targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 50. The current CPU utilization is 80%. What will the HPA do?

A Deployment has a rolling update strategy with maxSurge: 1 and maxUnavailable: 0. The Deployment has 4 replicas. During a rollout, what is the maximum number of pods that can exist at any point?

You want to perform a blue-green deployment using Deployments and Services. You have two Deployments: 'app-blue' (current) and 'app-green' (new). The Service 'app-service' currently selects pods with label 'version: blue'. What kubectl command should you run to switch traffic to the green deployment?

You need to perform a canary deployment using a Service and two Deployments (stable and canary). Which TWO resources or configurations are typically used to route a percentage of traffic to the canary? (Select TWO)

You have a Helm chart for an application. After running 'helm install my-release ./mychart', you realize you forgot to set a required value. Which command can you use to update the release with the correct value while keeping the same chart version?

A Deployment named 'app' has the following strategy: type: RollingUpdate with maxSurge=1 and maxUnavailable=0. You have 5 replicas. During a rolling update, how many pods will be running at any given time?

You are using Helm to manage an application. After running 'helm install myapp ./mychart', you notice that the application is running but you need to change a configuration value. Which command should you use to update the release?

You need to scale a Deployment named 'api' to 10 replicas instantly. Which command should you use?

Which field in a Deployment's rolling update strategy controls the maximum number of pods that can be created above the desired replicas during a rolling update?

What is the purpose of a HorizontalPodAutoscaler (HPA)?

When performing a rolling update of a Deployment, which field in the Deployment spec controls the maximum number of Pods that can be created above the desired replicas during the update?

You run 'kubectl rollout undo deployment/app'. What happens?

You are implementing a canary deployment for a microservice named 'api'. The stable version is deployed as 'api-stable' with label 'version: stable'. You create a canary Deployment 'api-canary' with label 'version: canary'. Both Deployments have the same label 'app: api'. You want a Service 'api-svc' to route 90% of traffic to stable and 10% to canary. Which Service configuration achieves this?

The exhibit shows a Deployment manifest. When applied, the pods are created but show 'CrashLoopBackOff'. What is the most likely cause?

You have a Kustomize overlay that sets 'replicas: 5' in a patch, but the base Deployment has 'replicas: 3'. What is the final number of replicas after applying 'kubectl apply -k overlay/'?

You are asked to implement a blue-green deployment using Kubernetes Deployments and Services. You have a blue Deployment with label 'version: blue' and a green Deployment with label 'version: green'. Both have selector 'app: myapp'. You need a Service that initially points to blue. How should you configure the Service to switch to green without downtime?

A Deployment has replicas: 5. During a rolling update, the developer sets maxSurge: 2 and maxUnavailable: 1. What is the maximum number of pods that can be running during the update?

A developer wants to ensure that a critical application always runs on every node in the cluster. Which resource should they use?

Which THREE components are essential for setting up Horizontal Pod Autoscaling (HPA) based on CPU utilization? (Select three)

You have a Deployment named 'frontend' with 3 replicas. You run 'kubectl rollout history deployment/frontend' and see revision 1 and revision 2. You want to rollback to revision 1. What command should you use?

You have a Deployment with strategy type: Recreate. You update the container image. What behavior will occur during the update?

Which THREE are valid ways to expose a canary deployment for testing? (Select three)

Which TWO statements about labels and selectors are correct? (Select TWO.)

You are performing a canary deployment using two Deployments: 'app-stable' (replicas: 9) and 'app-canary' (replicas: 1), both with label 'app: myapp'. A Service selects pods with 'app: myapp' and 'version: stable'. How can you route traffic to the canary?