The answer is that the VRF CUSTOMER_A has 6 total routes, with EIGRP 100 contributing 3 internal routes, as shown by the summary output. This is correct because the `show ip route vrf summary` command is a key VRF routing table verification command that aggregates route counts by protocol source, revealing exactly which routing protocols are populating the VRF table. In this output, the connected and static routes account for 3 entries, while EIGRP adds 3 internal routes, and OSPF and BGP show zero, confirming they are not active in this VRF. On the Cisco CCNP ENARSI 300-410 exam, this question tests your ability to interpret VRF-Lite troubleshooting outputs quickly, often as a distractor where candidates mistake the "Total" line for a protocol-specific count or overlook that EIGRP’s internal routes are the only dynamic ones. A common trap is assuming OSPF or BGP must be present in a VRF, but this summary proves otherwise. Memory tip: think "CSE" for Connected, Static, EIGRP—the three sources that sum to the total in this VRF.
300-410 VRF-Lite Practice Question
This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of vrf-lite. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A network engineer runs the following command to troubleshoot a VRF-Lite issue:
R1# show ip route vrf CUSTOMER_A summary
Output:
IP routing table name: CUSTOMER_A (0x00000001)
IP routing table maximum-paths: 32
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
The VRF CUSTOMER_A has 6 routes, with EIGRP 100 providing 3 internal routes.
The 'show ip route vrf summary' command displays the routing table summary for a specific VRF. It shows the number of routes from each routing protocol source. In this output, the VRF CUSTOMER_A has 6 total routes: 2 connected, 1 static, and 3 from EIGRP 100. OSPF and BGP have 0 routes, indicating they are not contributing to the VRF's routing table.
Key principle: OSPF neighbour adjacency depends on matching area, hello/dead timers, network type, and authentication — IP reachability alone is not enough.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✓
The VRF CUSTOMER_A has 6 routes, with EIGRP 100 providing 3 internal routes.
Why this is correct
Correct. The summary shows 6 total routes, with EIGRP 100 contributing 3 internal routes.
The VRF CUSTOMER_A has 6 routes, all redistributed from BGP 65000.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. BGP 65000 shows 0 routes, so no BGP routes are in the VRF.
✗
The VRF CUSTOMER_A has 6 routes, with OSPF 200 providing 3 external routes.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. OSPF 200 shows 0 routes, so no OSPF routes are in the VRF.
✗
The VRF CUSTOMER_A has 6 routes, all from connected and static only.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. There are also 3 EIGRP routes, not just connected and static.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: OSPF can fail even when IP connectivity looks correct
OSPF neighbour formation depends on matching areas, timers, network type, authentication and passive-interface behaviour. Do not choose an answer only because the devices can ping.
Trap categories for this question
Command / output trap
Incorrect. BGP 65000 shows 0 routes, so no BGP routes are in the VRF.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
OSPF questions usually test the details that control adjacency and route selection. Read the neighbour state, area, router ID and interface configuration before deciding what is wrong.
KKey Concepts to Remember
OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
Router ID selection can affect neighbour relationships and LSDB output.
OSPF cost influences the preferred path.
A route can appear in OSPF information but not become the installed route.
TExam Day Tips
→Check area mismatch first when OSPF adjacency fails.
→Review passive interfaces when a network is advertised but no neighbour forms.
→Use show ip ospf neighbor and show ip route clues carefully.
Key takeaway
OSPF neighbour adjacency depends on matching area, hello/dead timers, network type, and authentication — IP reachability alone is not enough.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A network engineer at a university connects two campus buildings via a fibre link. Both routers run OSPF, but no adjacency forms — even though both routers can ping each other. The engineer finds one router is in area 0 and the other in area 1. OSPF adjacency requires matching area numbers, hello/dead timers, and network type. IP reachability alone is not enough.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this 300-410 question in full detail.
Review OSPF neighbour requirements — matching area type, hello and dead timers, network type, stub flags, and authentication. Study show ip ospf neighbor states (INIT, 2-WAY, FULL). Then practise related 300-410 OSPF questions on adjacency and route selection.
VRF-Lite — This question tests VRF-Lite — OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The VRF CUSTOMER_A has 6 routes, with EIGRP 100 providing 3 internal routes. — The 'show ip route vrf summary' command displays the routing table summary for a specific VRF. It shows the number of routes from each routing protocol source. In this output, the VRF CUSTOMER_A has 6 total routes: 2 connected, 1 static, and 3 from EIGRP 100. OSPF and BGP have 0 routes, indicating they are not contributing to the VRF's routing table.
What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?
Review OSPF neighbour requirements — matching area type, hello and dead timers, network type, stub flags, and authentication. Study show ip ospf neighbor states (INIT, 2-WAY, FULL). Then practise related 300-410 OSPF questions on adjacency and route selection.
What is the key concept behind this question?
OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
About these practice questions
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These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.
Variation 1. A network engineer runs the following command on Router R1:
R1# show ip route vrf BLUE
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
C 10.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
O 10.2.0.0/16 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:15, GigabitEthernet0/0
Based on this output, what is the problem?
hard
A.The OSPF route 10.2.0.0/16 has a next hop of 10.1.1.2, which is unreachable.
✓ B.The OSPF route was learned 15 seconds ago, indicating a recent flap.
C.The VRF BLUE has no default route, which is a problem.
D.The connected routes are not in the routing table.
Why B: The output shows the routing table for VRF BLUE. It has two connected routes and one OSPF route. The OSPF route (10.2.0.0/16) has been learned recently (00:00:15), which may indicate a flapping neighbor or recent convergence. However, the key observation is that the OSPF route's next hop is 10.1.1.2, which is reachable via GigabitEthernet0/0. The output is normal; no problem is evident. But if the question implies a problem, it might be that the OSPF route age is very recent, suggesting instability. However, the correct answer here is that the VRF routing table is correctly populated.
Variation 2. A network engineer runs the following command on Router R1:
R1# show ip route vrf RED 192.168.1.0
Routing entry for 192.168.1.0/24
Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected, via interface)
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* directly connected, via GigabitEthernet0/2
Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
Based on this output, which statement is correct?
easy
A.The route is learned via OSPF.
B.The route is a static route.
✓ C.The route is directly connected via GigabitEthernet0/2.
D.The route has a metric of 1.
Why C: The output shows the route for 192.168.1.0/24 in VRF RED is a connected route via GigabitEthernet0/2. This is normal.
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