The answer is that all traffic from the 192.168.1.0/24 network is translated to the single public IP address 203.0.113.1 using PAT (Port Address Translation). This is correct because the `ip nat inside source list 1 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 overload` command binds the NAT pool to the outside interface’s IP address and enables port multiplexing, allowing multiple internal hosts to share one public IP by differentiating sessions via unique source ports. On the Cisco CCNP ENARSI 300-410 exam, this configuration tests your understanding of the PAT overload configuration effect, specifically how the `overload` keyword enables many-to-one translation without a dedicated NAT pool. A common trap is forgetting that the access list defines which inside traffic is eligible—here, only the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet is translated, not all traffic. Memory tip: think of PAT as a “party line”—everyone shares the same phone number, but each conversation gets a unique extension (port).
300-410 NAT and PAT Practice Question
This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of nat and pat. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Consider the following partial configuration on a Cisco IOS-XE router:
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip nat inside
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
ip address 203.0.113.1 255.255.255.0
ip nat outside
!
ip nat inside source list 1 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 overload
access-list 1 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
All traffic from 192.168.1.0/24 is translated to 203.0.113.1 using PAT.
The configuration enables NAT overload (PAT) for the 192.168.1.0/24 network, translating all inside addresses to the IP of GigabitEthernet0/1 (203.0.113.1) with port multiplexing.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✓
All traffic from 192.168.1.0/24 is translated to 203.0.113.1 using PAT.
Why this is correct
The 'overload' keyword enables PAT, and the ACL matches the inside network.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
✗
Only traffic from 192.168.1.1 is translated to 203.0.113.1 using PAT.
Why it's wrong here
The ACL permits the entire /24 subnet, not just the router's interface IP.
✗
Traffic is translated using static NAT to 203.0.113.1.
Why it's wrong here
The command uses 'ip nat inside source list' which is dynamic NAT, not static.
✗
The configuration is incomplete; a NAT pool is required for dynamic translation.
Why it's wrong here
When using an interface with overload, no pool is needed; the interface IP is used.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Trap categories for this question
Command / output trap
The command uses 'ip nat inside source list' which is dynamic NAT, not static.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
→Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
→Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
→Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this 300-410 question in full detail.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related 300-410 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
NAT and PAT — This question tests NAT and PAT — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: All traffic from 192.168.1.0/24 is translated to 203.0.113.1 using PAT. — The configuration enables NAT overload (PAT) for the 192.168.1.0/24 network, translating all inside addresses to the IP of GigabitEthernet0/1 (203.0.113.1) with port multiplexing.
What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related 300-410 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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