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Scenario-based practice

OSPF Troubleshooting Scenarios

Practise 200-301 CCNA 200-301 v2 OSPF questions covering neighbour states, router IDs, areas, timers, passive interfaces, OSPF cost, route selection, and command-output troubleshooting.

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200-301
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Cisco
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Scenario guide

How to approach ospf troubleshooting scenarios

OSPF neighbour adjacencies, route advertisements, and DR/BDR elections appear consistently on the CCNA. These questions test whether you can read OSPF state from show commands and identify why two routers fail to reach FULL adjacency or why a route isn't being learned.

Quick answer

OSPF questions usually test neighbour formation, areas, router IDs, route preference, metrics and command-output interpretation.

How OSPF neighbours form and why adjacency can fail.

How router ID, area ID, timers, passive interfaces and authentication affect OSPF.

How OSPF cost influences route selection.

How to read show ip route and show ip ospf neighbor output.

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Practice set

Practice scenarios

Question 1hardmultiple choice
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

A network engineer is troubleshooting OSPFv3 adjacency between two directly connected Cisco routers, R1 and R2, both running IOS-XE. The engineer configures OSPFv3 on both routers but notices that the adjacency does not form. The engineer runs 'show ospfv3 neighbor' on R1 and sees no neighbors. What is the most likely cause of this issue?

Exhibit

R1# show ospfv3 neighbor

          OSPFv3 1 address-family ipv6 (router-id 1.1.1.1)

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Interface ID    Interface

R1# show ipv6 interface brief
GigabitEthernet0/0   [up/up]
    FE80::1
GigabitEthernet0/1   [up/up]
    FE80::2

R1# show running-config | section router ospfv3
router ospfv3 1
 address-family ipv6
  router-id 1.1.1.1
  area 0
  interface GigabitEthernet0/0
  interface GigabitEthernet0/1

R1# show running-config interface GigabitEthernet0/0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ipv6 address FE80::1 link-local
 ipv6 ospfv3 1 ipv6 area 0
!
Question 2hardmultiple choice
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

Two routers are directly connected over IPv6 and should form an OSPFv3 adjacency, but they do not. Link-local addressing is present on both interfaces. Which issue is most likely to prevent the adjacency?

Question 3hardmultiple choice
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

R1 and R2 are directly connected. Both are configured in OSPF area 0, and they can successfully ping each other. However, OSPF neighbor adjacency fails. R1's interface is configured with `ip ospf authentication message-digest` and a valid key, while R2's interface has no OSPF authentication configured. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf authentication message-digest
 ip ospf message-digest-key 1 md5 cisco123
!
router ospf 10
 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R2#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0
!
router ospf 10
 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Question 4mediumdrag order
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on a Cisco IOS-XE router.

Question 5hardmulti select
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

R1 learns the route 192.0.2.0/24 via OSPF, RIP, and a static route configured with an administrative distance of 130. Based on this information, which two statements are correct?

Exhibit

show ip route 192.0.2.0
Routing entry for 192.0.2.0/24
  Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 20, type intra area
  Last update from 10.1.12.2 on GigabitEthernet0/0

Configured routes:
ip route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.13.3 130

RIP also advertises 192.0.2.0/24 with distance 120.
Question 6hardmultiple choice
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

A junior network engineer configured a floating static route on Router R1 to provide backup connectivity to a remote network 10.10.10.0/24. The primary connection uses OSPF. However, after the primary link fails, hosts on R1 cannot reach the remote network. The OSPF adjacency is down, and the floating static route is not appearing in the routing table. Based on the exhibit, what is the most likely cause of the issue?

Exhibit

R1# show ip route static
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
S    10.10.10.0/24 [200/0] via 192.168.2.2

R1# show running-config | include ip route
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2
ip route 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2 200
Question 7hardmultiple choice
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

A router pair is directly connected, but they do not become OSPF neighbors. IP addressing and area assignment are correct. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1# show ip ospf interface g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.1.12.1/30, Area 0
  Network Type POINT_TO_POINT

R2# show ip ospf interface g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.1.12.2/30, Area 0
  Network Type BROADCAST
Question 8hardmultiple choice
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

An OSPF-enabled router R1 fails to advertise the 192.168.50.0/24 network to neighbor R2, even though the neighbor relationship is up. Which misconfiguration on R1 would cause this?

Exhibit

R1 interface to LAN: 192.168.50.1/24 on G0/1
R1 OSPF config:
 router ospf 1
  network 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
  network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
Question 9hardmultiple choice
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

Exhibit: A router has the following routes in its routing table: - OSPF: 10.1.1.0/24 - Static: 10.1.1.128/25 - Default: 0.0.0.0/0

A packet is destined for 10.1.1.130. Which route does the router use?

Exhibit

O 10.1.1.0/24 via 192.0.2.1
S 10.1.1.128/25 via 198.51.100.1
S* 0.0.0.0/0 via 203.0.113.1
Question 10hardmultiple choice
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

You are verifying OSPF operation on router R1. After confirming that OSPF is configured on the correct interfaces, which command should you use next to directly check whether R1 has established a neighbor adjacency with another OSPF router?

Exhibit

R1#
router ospf 1
 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
Question 11mediumdrag order
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

Drag and drop the following steps into the correct order to explicitly configure OSPFv3 for IPv6 on a Cisco IOS-XE router, assuming no OSPFv3 routing process exists beforehand.

Question 12hardmultiple choice
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

R1 and R2 are connected via a GigabitEthernet link in the same IPv4 subnet, and both routers have OSPF configured in the same area. However, R1 is not learning any OSPF routes from R2. What is the most likely cause?

Exhibit

R1#
router ospf 1
 network 10.20.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 passive-interface GigabitEthernet0/0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.20.12.1 255.255.255.0

R2#
router ospf 1
 network 10.20.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.20.12.2 255.255.255.0
Question 13hardmultiple choice
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

R1 and R2 are connected via Ethernet and are configured with OSPF, but they fail to form an adjacency. Upon checking the interface configurations, you see that R1’s interface is in OSPF area 0 while R2’s interface is in area 1, and both interfaces use default timers and are in the same subnet. What is the most likely reason?

Exhibit

R1#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.50.1 255.255.255.0
!
router ospf 1
 network 10.1.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R2#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.1.50.2 255.255.255.0
!
router ospf 1
 network 10.1.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
Question 14mediummulti select
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

Which TWO statements correctly describe OSPFv2 router-id selection and verification in a single-area configuration?

Question 15hardmultiple choice
Review the full OSPF breakdown →

Exhibit: OSPF neighbors are not reaching FULL state on an Ethernet segment with multiple routers. The output of show ip ospf neighbor on R2 shows a neighbor in the 2WAY/DROTHER state. What is the most likely reason?

Exhibit

R2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
2.2.2.2           1   FULL/DR         00:00:33    10.1.1.2        Gig0/0
3.3.3.3           1   2WAY/DROTHER    00:00:39    10.1.1.3        Gig0/0

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