Question 554 of 1,748
Identity and Access ManagementhardMultiple SelectObjective-mapped

How to Enforce KMS Key Permissions for S3 Object Decryption Using Bucket Policy

This SCS-C02 practice question tests your understanding of identity and access management. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. A key principle to apply: kms:ViaService. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

A company uses AWS KMS to encrypt objects in an S3 bucket. The security team wants to ensure that only users with the appropriate KMS key permissions can decrypt objects. Which THREE conditions should be included in the S3 bucket policy to enforce this? (Choose THREE.)

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

"Condition": {"StringEquals": {"kms:ViaService": "s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com"}}

Options A and E are the only distinct conditions that can be used in an S3 bucket policy to enforce that only users with appropriate KMS key permissions can decrypt objects. kms:ViaService restricts the use of the KMS key to requests coming via the S3 service, and kms:EncryptionContext restricts decryption to requests that include the specific S3 bucket ARN. Option C is identical to A and thus does not provide an additional constraint, making it redundant. Options B and D are not valid condition keys for S3 bucket policies.

Key principle: kms:ViaService

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • "Condition": {"StringEquals": {"kms:ViaService": "s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com"}}

    Why this is correct

    Correct. This condition restricts the KMS key to be used only via the S3 service, ensuring that decryption requests must come through S3.

    Related concept

    kms:ViaService

  • "Condition": {"StringEquals": {"kms:KeySpec": "SYMMETRIC_DEFAULT"}}

    Why it's wrong here

    Incorrect. kms:KeySpec is not a valid condition key in S3 bucket policies; it is used in KMS key policies or IAM policies for KMS API calls.

  • "Condition": {"StringEquals": {"kms:ViaService": "s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com"}}

    Why it's wrong here

    Incorrect. This condition is identical to A, so it does not provide a distinct constraint. Selecting both A and C would not satisfy the requirement for three distinct conditions.

  • "Condition": {"StringEquals": {"kms:GranteePrincipal": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/Admin"}}

    Why it's wrong here

    Incorrect. kms:GranteePrincipal is used in KMS grants, not in S3 bucket policies.

  • "Condition": {"StringEquals": {"kms:EncryptionContext": {"aws:s3:arn": "arn:aws:s3:::my-bucket"}}}

    Why this is correct

    Correct. This condition uses kms:EncryptionContext to match the specific S3 bucket ARN, ensuring that decryption is allowed only for that bucket.

    Related concept

    kms:ViaService

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

Treat this as a scenario question. Identify the problem, the constraint, and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • kms:ViaService
  • kms:EncryptionContext
  • S3 bucket policy conditions for KMS

TExam Day Tips

  • Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
  • Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

kms:ViaService

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.

Quick reference

AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison

Storage ClassMin DurationRetrievalUse Case
S3 StandardNoneImmediateFrequently accessed data
S3 Standard-IA30 daysImmediateInfrequent access, rapid retrieval
S3 One Zone-IA30 daysImmediateNon-critical infrequent data
S3 Intelligent-TieringNoneImmediate–hoursUnknown or changing access patterns
S3 Glacier Instant90 daysMillisecondsArchive with instant retrieval
S3 Glacier Flexible90 daysMinutes–hoursArchive, flexible retrieval
S3 Glacier Deep Archive180 daysHoursLong-term compliance archive

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review kms:ViaService, then practise related SCS-C02 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this SCS-C02 question test?

Identity and Access Management — This question tests Identity and Access Management — kms:ViaService.

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: "Condition": {"StringEquals": {"kms:ViaService": "s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com"}} — Options A and E are the only distinct conditions that can be used in an S3 bucket policy to enforce that only users with appropriate KMS key permissions can decrypt objects. kms:ViaService restricts the use of the KMS key to requests coming via the S3 service, and kms:EncryptionContext restricts decryption to requests that include the specific S3 bucket ARN. Option C is identical to A and thus does not provide an additional constraint, making it redundant. Options B and D are not valid condition keys for S3 bucket policies.

What should I do if I get this SCS-C02 question wrong?

Review kms:ViaService, then practise related SCS-C02 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.

What is the key concept behind this question?

kms:ViaService

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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026

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This SCS-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SCS-C02 exam.