The correct answer is that the AWS Lambda runtime specified in the template is not supported in the us-east-1 region, as the stack events explicitly state 'The runtime parameter of nodejs18.x is not supported'. This error occurs because CloudFormation validates the Lambda runtime parameter against the available runtimes in the target region during stack creation; if a runtime like nodejs18.x has been deprecated or never introduced in that region, the service rejects the deployment. On the AWS Certified Solutions Architect Professional SAP-C02 exam, this scenario tests your ability to distinguish between resource-specific configuration errors and broader permission or template syntax issues—a common trap is assuming the failure is due to IAM roles or template formatting when the error message clearly points to an unsupported runtime. Remember the mnemonic: "Runtime Rejection = Regional Restriction" to quickly recall that Lambda runtime errors are almost always region-specific availability issues, not permission or template problems.
SAP-C02 Practice Question: Accelerate Workload Migration and Modernization
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of accelerate workload migration and modernization. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Network Topology
Refer to the exhibit. A company is using AWS CloudFormation to migrate a serverless application. The stack creation failed. Based on the stack events, what is the root cause of the failure?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
The AWS Lambda runtime specified in the template is not supported in the us-east-1 region.
Option C is correct because the error message explicitly states 'The runtime parameter of nodejs18.x is not supported'. Option A is wrong because the error is specifically about the runtime. Option B is wrong because the error is not about permissions. Option D is wrong because it is a Lambda runtime issue, not a CloudFormation template issue.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
The CloudFormation template has a syntax error.
Why it's wrong here
The error is from Lambda creation, not template parsing.
✓
The AWS Lambda runtime specified in the template is not supported in the us-east-1 region.
Why this is correct
The runtime is not supported.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
✗
The IAM role for the Lambda function does not have sufficient permissions.
Why it's wrong here
Error message indicates runtime issue.
✗
The Lambda function code exceeds the maximum size limit.
Why it's wrong here
Error says runtime not supported.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
Use explanations to understand the rule behind the answer.
TExam Day Tips
→Underline the problem statement mentally.
→Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
→Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which SAP-C02 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
Accelerate Workload Migration and Modernization — This question tests Accelerate Workload Migration and Modernization — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The AWS Lambda runtime specified in the template is not supported in the us-east-1 region. — Option C is correct because the error message explicitly states 'The runtime parameter of nodejs18.x is not supported'. Option A is wrong because the error is specifically about the runtime. Option B is wrong because the error is not about permissions. Option D is wrong because it is a Lambda runtime issue, not a CloudFormation template issue.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Identify which SAP-C02 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Question Discussion
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