- A
Place a single NVA in the Transit Gateway and route all inter-VPC traffic through it.
Why wrong: Single point of failure; no load balancing or scaling.
- B
Create VPC peering connections between each VPC and the security VPC, then configure the NVAs to route traffic.
Why wrong: VPC peering is not transitive; you would need full mesh, not scalable.
- C
Attach all VPCs to a Transit Gateway, use separate route tables for inspection, and deploy NVAs behind a Gateway Load Balancer in the security VPC.
Transit Gateway provides transitive routing; GWLB provides HA and scale for NVAs.
- D
Use Direct Connect to connect all VPCs to a central location and route through NVAs there.
Why wrong: Direct Connect is not designed for VPC-to-VPC connectivity; adds complexity and cost.
Quick Answer
The correct answer is to attach all VPCs to a Transit Gateway, use separate route tables for inspection, and deploy NVAs behind a Gateway Load Balancer in the security VPC. This design works because Transit Gateway route tables allow you to isolate traffic flows—sending east-west traffic from the workload VPCs into the security VPC for inspection, while the Gateway Load Balancer (GWLB) distributes traffic across multiple NVAs, ensuring both high availability and seamless scaling. On the AWS Certified Advanced Networking Specialty ANS-C01 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of transitive routing versus VPC peering limitations, and the critical role of GWLB in centralized inspection architectures. A common trap is choosing a single NVA or VPC peering, which breaks transitive routing and introduces a single point of failure. Memory tip: think “TGW route tables + GWLB” as the dynamic duo for scalable, fault-tolerant inspection—never trust a lone NVA.
ANS-C01 Network Implementation Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network implementation. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company uses AWS Transit Gateway to connect multiple VPCs and on-premises networks via VPN. They want to inspect traffic between VPCs using a centralized network virtual appliance (NVA) in a security VPC. What is the most scalable and highly available design to achieve this?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Attach all VPCs to a Transit Gateway, use separate route tables for inspection, and deploy NVAs behind a Gateway Load Balancer in the security VPC.
Option B is correct because Transit Gateway route tables can be used to direct traffic to the inspection VPC for east-west traffic. Using a Gateway Load Balancer (GWLB) provides high availability and scaling for the NVAs. Option A is wrong because VPC peering does not support transitive routing. Option C is wrong because Direct Connect is for on-premises, not VPC-to-VPC. Option D is wrong because a single NVA is a single point of failure.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Place a single NVA in the Transit Gateway and route all inter-VPC traffic through it.
Why it's wrong here
Single point of failure; no load balancing or scaling.
- ✗
Create VPC peering connections between each VPC and the security VPC, then configure the NVAs to route traffic.
Why it's wrong here
VPC peering is not transitive; you would need full mesh, not scalable.
- ✓
Attach all VPCs to a Transit Gateway, use separate route tables for inspection, and deploy NVAs behind a Gateway Load Balancer in the security VPC.
Why this is correct
Transit Gateway provides transitive routing; GWLB provides HA and scale for NVAs.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Use Direct Connect to connect all VPCs to a central location and route through NVAs there.
Why it's wrong here
Direct Connect is not designed for VPC-to-VPC connectivity; adds complexity and cost.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
- Use explanations to understand the rule behind the answer.
TExam Day Tips
- Underline the problem statement mentally.
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
An e-commerce site experiences heavy traffic on Black Friday and near-zero traffic during off-peak weeks. Rather than provisioning permanent large VMs, the team uses auto-scaling groups that add capacity automatically under load and reduce it overnight. Questions like this test whether you understand elasticity, availability zones, and cloud compute scaling patterns.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which ANS-C01 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this ANS-C01 question test?
Network Implementation — This question tests Network Implementation — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Attach all VPCs to a Transit Gateway, use separate route tables for inspection, and deploy NVAs behind a Gateway Load Balancer in the security VPC. — Option B is correct because Transit Gateway route tables can be used to direct traffic to the inspection VPC for east-west traffic. Using a Gateway Load Balancer (GWLB) provides high availability and scaling for the NVAs. Option A is wrong because VPC peering does not support transitive routing. Option C is wrong because Direct Connect is for on-premises, not VPC-to-VPC. Option D is wrong because a single NVA is a single point of failure.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Identify which ANS-C01 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
About these practice questions
Courseiva creates original exam-style practice questions with explanations and wrong-answer analysis. It does not publish real exam questions, exam dumps, or protected exam content. Learn why practice questions differ from exam dumps →
Same concept, more angles
2 more ways this is tested on ANS-C01
These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.
Variation 1. A company is using AWS Transit Gateway to connect multiple VPCs and on-premises networks. The company wants to centralize network security by inspecting all traffic between VPCs and between VPCs and on-premises. Which architecture should be used?
medium- ✓ A.Attach all VPCs to a Transit Gateway and use route tables to send traffic through a firewall appliance in one VPC.
- B.Use VPN connections between all VPCs and on-premises.
- C.Use VPC peering between all VPCs and configure security groups.
- D.Use Network Load Balancer to distribute traffic across VPCs.
Why A: Option D is correct because Transit Gateway supports appliance mode to force traffic through a security appliance VPC. A and B do not provide centralized inspection. C is manual and not scalable.
Variation 2. A company has a large AWS environment with hundreds of VPCs connected via a Transit Gateway. The network team is implementing a new hub-and-spoke architecture where all traffic between VPCs must be inspected by a centralized firewall appliance in a shared services VPC. The firewall appliance is a third-party virtual appliance that supports VRF-like segmentation. The network engineer has configured the Transit Gateway with separate route tables for each VPC, and the shared services VPC is associated with all route tables. The firewall appliance is deployed in the shared services VPC with two ENIs: one in a 'trust' subnet and one in an 'untrust' subnet. The trust subnet is used for traffic coming from spoke VPCs, and the untrust subnet is used for traffic going to other spoke VPCs. The firewall appliance performs stateful inspection and returns traffic to the Transit Gateway via the correct ENI. However, after implementation, traffic between two spoke VPCs (VPC A and VPC B) is being dropped. The engineer verifies that the Transit Gateway route tables have static routes for each spoke VPC CIDR pointing to the shared services VPC attachment. The spoke VPCs have routes to each other's CIDR via the Transit Gateway. The firewall logs show that traffic from VPC A reaches the trust ENI, but the firewall is unable to send traffic to VPC B because it does not have a route to VPC B's CIDR. What is the most likely cause?
hard- A.The shared services VPC attachment is not propagating routes to the Transit Gateway route tables.
- B.The security group for the firewall's untrust ENI is blocking outbound traffic.
- C.The Transit Gateway route table for VPC A does not have a route for VPC B's CIDR.
- ✓ D.The route table for the untrust subnet does not have a route to VPC B's CIDR pointing to the Transit Gateway.
Why D: Option D is correct because the firewall's untrust subnet route table must have a route pointing to the Transit Gateway for VPC B's CIDR. The firewall receives traffic from VPC A on its trust ENI, processes it, and then sends it out the untrust ENI. Without a route in the untrust subnet's route table directing traffic for VPC B's CIDR to the Transit Gateway, the firewall cannot forward the traffic back to the Transit Gateway for delivery to VPC B, causing the drop.
Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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