ANS-C01 Network Security, Compliance and Governance Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network security, compliance and governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Refer to the exhibit. A company has an S3 bucket policy that allows public read access only from a specific IP range (203.0.113.0/24). Users outside this range report that they can still access objects in the bucket. What is the most likely reason?
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue: "most likely"
Why it matters: Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
The bucket also has a bucket ACL that grants public read access, overriding the policy condition
The most likely reason is that the bucket also has a bucket ACL that grants public read access. When both a bucket policy and an ACL are present, the effective permissions are the union of allowed actions. If the ACL allows everyone to read objects, then the IP restriction in the bucket policy is not effective because the ACL already permits the access. Option D correctly identifies this scenario. Option A is incorrect because the condition key for source IP is aws:SourceIp, not aws:SourceIpAddress, but that is a minor typo; however, the policy would still be evaluated. Option B is incorrect because bucket policies are evaluated regardless of region. Option C is incorrect because server-side encryption does not affect policy evaluation.
Key principle: ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
The bucket policy uses the wrong condition key; it should be aws:SourceIpAddress
Why it's wrong here
The correct condition key is aws:SourceIp.
✗
The bucket policy is not being evaluated because the bucket is in a different region
Why it's wrong here
Bucket policies are evaluated regardless of region.
✗
The bucket is configured with server-side encryption, which prevents the policy from being applied
Why it's wrong here
Encryption does not affect policy evaluation.
✓
The bucket also has a bucket ACL that grants public read access, overriding the policy condition
Why this is correct
ACLs can grant public access that bypasses the IP restriction in the bucket policy.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "most likely" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: ACLs stop at the first match
ACLs are processed top to bottom. The first matching entry wins, and an implicit deny usually exists at the end.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
ACL questions test precision: source, destination, protocol, port and direction. A generally correct ACL can still fail if it is applied on the wrong interface or in the wrong direction.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
Extended ACLs can match source, destination, protocol and ports.
The first matching ACL entry is used.
There is usually an implicit deny at the end.
TExam Day Tips
→Check inbound versus outbound direction.
→Read the ACL from top to bottom.
→Look for a broader permit or deny above the intended line.
Key takeaway
ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
Visual reference
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
Storage Class
Min Duration
Retrieval
Use Case
S3 Standard
None
Immediate
Frequently accessed data
S3 Standard-IA
30 days
Immediate
Infrequent access, rapid retrieval
S3 One Zone-IA
30 days
Immediate
Non-critical infrequent data
S3 Intelligent-Tiering
None
Immediate–hours
Unknown or changing access patterns
S3 Glacier Instant
90 days
Milliseconds
Archive with instant retrieval
S3 Glacier Flexible
90 days
Minutes–hours
Archive, flexible retrieval
S3 Glacier Deep Archive
180 days
Hours
Long-term compliance archive
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related ANS-C01 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.
Network Security, Compliance and Governance — This question tests Network Security, Compliance and Governance — Standard ACLs match source addresses..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The bucket also has a bucket ACL that grants public read access, overriding the policy condition — The most likely reason is that the bucket also has a bucket ACL that grants public read access. When both a bucket policy and an ACL are present, the effective permissions are the union of allowed actions. If the ACL allows everyone to read objects, then the IP restriction in the bucket policy is not effective because the ACL already permits the access. Option D correctly identifies this scenario. Option A is incorrect because the condition key for source IP is aws:SourceIp, not aws:SourceIpAddress, but that is a minor typo; however, the policy would still be evaluated. Option B is incorrect because bucket policies are evaluated regardless of region. Option C is incorrect because server-side encryption does not affect policy evaluation.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related ANS-C01 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.
Are there clue words in this question I should notice?
Yes — watch for: "most likely". Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
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