- A
Deploy a NAT Gateway in each Availability Zone and configure the private subnet route tables to point to the NAT Gateway in the same AZ. Use Gateway Load Balancer endpoint for traffic inspection.
NAT Gateways are highly available per AZ, and using one per AZ ensures availability. Gateway Load Balancer can inspect traffic.
- B
Launch a NAT instance in a public subnet and configure it as the default route for the private subnet.
Why wrong: A single NAT instance is a single point of failure and not highly available.
- C
Create a VPC endpoint for the internet and attach it to the private subnet.
Why wrong: VPC endpoints provide private connectivity to AWS services, not to the internet.
- D
Attach an Internet Gateway to the VPC and add a default route to it in the private subnet's route table.
Why wrong: An Internet Gateway allows inbound traffic to instances with public IPs, but private subnet instances do not have public IPs and would be directly accessible if they did.
Quick Answer
The correct approach is to deploy a NAT Gateway in each Availability Zone and configure the private subnet route tables to point to the NAT Gateway in the same AZ, then use a Gateway Load Balancer endpoint for traffic inspection. This works because NAT Gateways provide managed, highly available outbound internet access from private subnets, while the Gateway Load Balancer intercepts traffic for inspection by third-party appliances before it reaches the internet, ensuring all traffic is logged and inspected. On the AWS Certified Advanced Networking Specialty ANS-C01 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of combining high-availability design with centralized traffic inspection—a common trap is choosing a single NAT instance (which lacks HA) or an Internet Gateway (which allows inbound traffic). Remember the mnemonic: “NAT per AZ, GWLB for inspect”—if you need HA and inspection, pair a NAT Gateway in each AZ with a Gateway Load Balancer endpoint.
ANS-C01 Network Implementation Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network implementation. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company wants to provide internet access to instances in a private subnet while ensuring that traffic is logged and inspected. The solution must be highly available within a single AWS Region. Which approach should the company use?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Deploy a NAT Gateway in each Availability Zone and configure the private subnet route tables to point to the NAT Gateway in the same AZ. Use Gateway Load Balancer endpoint for traffic inspection.
Option C is correct because a NAT Gateway in each AZ is managed by AWS, provides high availability, and can be combined with a Gateway Load Balancer and third-party appliances for inspection and logging. Option A is wrong because a single NAT instance is not highly available. Option B is wrong because an Internet Gateway allows inbound traffic. Option D is wrong because VPC endpoints are for private connectivity to AWS services, not internet access.
Key principle: Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Deploy a NAT Gateway in each Availability Zone and configure the private subnet route tables to point to the NAT Gateway in the same AZ. Use Gateway Load Balancer endpoint for traffic inspection.
Why this is correct
NAT Gateways are highly available per AZ, and using one per AZ ensures availability. Gateway Load Balancer can inspect traffic.
Related concept
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
- ✗
Launch a NAT instance in a public subnet and configure it as the default route for the private subnet.
Why it's wrong here
A single NAT instance is a single point of failure and not highly available.
- ✗
Create a VPC endpoint for the internet and attach it to the private subnet.
Why it's wrong here
VPC endpoints provide private connectivity to AWS services, not to the internet.
- ✗
Attach an Internet Gateway to the VPC and add a default route to it in the private subnet's route table.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses
Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
- Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
- Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
- The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.
TExam Day Tips
- Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
- Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
- Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.
Key takeaway
Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this ANS-C01 question test?
Network Implementation — This question tests Network Implementation — CIDR notation defines the prefix length..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Deploy a NAT Gateway in each Availability Zone and configure the private subnet route tables to point to the NAT Gateway in the same AZ. Use Gateway Load Balancer endpoint for traffic inspection. — Option C is correct because a NAT Gateway in each AZ is managed by AWS, provides high availability, and can be combined with a Gateway Load Balancer and third-party appliances for inspection and logging. Option A is wrong because a single NAT instance is not highly available. Option B is wrong because an Internet Gateway allows inbound traffic. Option D is wrong because VPC endpoints are for private connectivity to AWS services, not internet access.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
What is the key concept behind this question?
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
This ANS-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the ANS-C01 exam.
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