- A
Set up Amazon CloudFront with an origin access identity (OAI)
Why wrong: With CloudFront and OAI, the bucket can be kept private, but the content is still accessible via public CloudFront URLs, which exposes it to the public internet. This does not meet the requirement of avoiding public internet exposure.
- B
Use pre-signed URLs generated by AWS Lambda
Why wrong: Pre-signed URLs generated by AWS Lambda can grant temporary access to specific S3 objects. However, the Lambda function must be triggered somehow and the partner would need to obtain the pre-signed URL, which typically involves exposing a web service or similar. Additionally, pre-signed URLs are for object-level access, not bucket-level, and may not be suitable for ongoing partner access.
- C
Configure an S3 bucket policy that grants access to the partner's AWS account
Why wrong: Configuring an S3 bucket policy that grants access to the partner's AWS account can allow the partner to access the bucket directly. But this would require the bucket policy to allow access from the partner's account, which still exposes the bucket over the internet unless the partner uses a VPC endpoint as well. The bucket would still be publicly accessible from the internet, which does not meet the requirement to avoid exposing the bucket to the public internet completely.
- D
Create a VPC Gateway Endpoint for S3 in your VPC and allow the partner to access the bucket through a VPC peering connection
Correct. By creating a VPC Gateway Endpoint for S3 in your VPC and establishing a VPC peering connection with the partner's VPC, the partner can access the S3 bucket privately over the AWS network without traversing the public internet. The bucket remains private as long as the bucket policy restricts access to the VPC endpoint and the partner's VPC.
ANS-C01 Network Design Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network design. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company needs to provide secure access to an Amazon S3 bucket for a third-party partner. The partner has their own AWS account. The company wants to avoid exposing the bucket to the public internet. Which solution meets these requirements?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Create a VPC Gateway Endpoint for S3 in your VPC and allow the partner to access the bucket through a VPC peering connection
Option D is correct because a VPC Gateway Endpoint for S3 allows private connectivity to S3 without traversing the public internet. By creating a VPC peering connection between the company's VPC and the partner's VPC, the partner can access the S3 bucket through the gateway endpoint, ensuring the bucket remains private and not exposed to the internet.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Set up Amazon CloudFront with an origin access identity (OAI)
Why it's wrong here
With CloudFront and OAI, the bucket can be kept private, but the content is still accessible via public CloudFront URLs, which exposes it to the public internet. This does not meet the requirement of avoiding public internet exposure.
- ✗
Use pre-signed URLs generated by AWS Lambda
Why it's wrong here
Pre-signed URLs generated by AWS Lambda can grant temporary access to specific S3 objects. However, the Lambda function must be triggered somehow and the partner would need to obtain the pre-signed URL, which typically involves exposing a web service or similar. Additionally, pre-signed URLs are for object-level access, not bucket-level, and may not be suitable for ongoing partner access.
- ✗
Configure an S3 bucket policy that grants access to the partner's AWS account
Why it's wrong here
Configuring an S3 bucket policy that grants access to the partner's AWS account can allow the partner to access the bucket directly. But this would require the bucket policy to allow access from the partner's account, which still exposes the bucket over the internet unless the partner uses a VPC endpoint as well. The bucket would still be publicly accessible from the internet, which does not meet the requirement to avoid exposing the bucket to the public internet completely.
- ✓
Create a VPC Gateway Endpoint for S3 in your VPC and allow the partner to access the bucket through a VPC peering connection
Why this is correct
Correct. By creating a VPC Gateway Endpoint for S3 in your VPC and establishing a VPC peering connection with the partner's VPC, the partner can access the S3 bucket privately over the AWS network without traversing the public internet. The bucket remains private as long as the bucket policy restricts access to the VPC endpoint and the partner's VPC.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The ANS-C01 exam often tests the misconception that VPC peering alone provides access to S3, but the trap here is that a VPC Gateway Endpoint must be explicitly created in the company's VPC and the partner's VPC must route traffic through the peering connection to reach the endpoint.
Trap categories for this question
Similar concept trap
Pre-signed URLs generated by AWS Lambda can grant temporary access to specific S3 objects. However, the Lambda function must be triggered somehow and the partner would need to obtain the pre-signed URL, which typically involves exposing a web service or similar. Additionally, pre-signed URLs are for object-level access, not bucket-level, and may not be suitable for ongoing partner access.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
A VPC Gateway Endpoint for S3 uses a route table entry to direct traffic to S3 via AWS's private network, bypassing the internet. VPC peering connects two VPCs using private IP addresses, allowing the partner's VPC to route traffic through the gateway endpoint. This setup ensures that all traffic stays within the AWS backbone, meeting security and compliance requirements for private data transfer.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
| Storage Class | Min Duration | Retrieval | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 Standard | None | Immediate | Frequently accessed data |
| S3 Standard-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Infrequent access, rapid retrieval |
| S3 One Zone-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Non-critical infrequent data |
| S3 Intelligent-Tiering | None | Immediate–hours | Unknown or changing access patterns |
| S3 Glacier Instant | 90 days | Milliseconds | Archive with instant retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Flexible | 90 days | Minutes–hours | Archive, flexible retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Deep Archive | 180 days | Hours | Long-term compliance archive |
What to study next
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this ANS-C01 question test?
Network Design — This question tests Network Design — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create a VPC Gateway Endpoint for S3 in your VPC and allow the partner to access the bucket through a VPC peering connection — Option D is correct because a VPC Gateway Endpoint for S3 allows private connectivity to S3 without traversing the public internet. By creating a VPC peering connection between the company's VPC and the partner's VPC, the partner can access the S3 bucket through the gateway endpoint, ensuring the bucket remains private and not exposed to the internet.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jul 4, 2026
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