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Network Security, Compliance and Governance →hardMultiple SelectObjective-mapped

ANS-C01 Network Security, Compliance and Governance Practice Question

This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network security, compliance and governance. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

A company has a VPC with a CIDR of 10.0.0.0/16. They have two subnets: subnet A (10.0.1.0/24) and subnet B (10.0.2.0/24). They have an AWS Network Firewall deployed in a firewall subnet. They want to inspect all traffic between subnet A and subnet B. Which TWO actions are required? (Choose two.)

A
Attach a transit gateway to the VPC and route traffic through it.
Why wrong: Network Firewall can be used without a transit gateway for intra-VPC traffic.
B
Configure the Network Firewall rule group to allow the desired traffic between subnets.
The firewall must have rules to allow the traffic after routing it through.
C
Add a route in subnet A's route table that sends traffic to subnet B via the Network Firewall endpoint's elastic network interface.
This forces traffic from subnet A to subnet B through the firewall.
D
Create a VPC peering connection between subnet A and subnet B.
Why wrong: Subnets within the same VPC do not need peering.
E
Create a security group rule that allows traffic between subnet A and subnet B.
Why wrong: Security groups allow or deny traffic but do not route traffic through a firewall.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Configure the Network Firewall rule group to allow the desired traffic between subnets.

To inspect traffic between subnet A and subnet B, the traffic must be routed through the Network Firewall endpoint. This is achieved by adding a route in subnet A's route table that points to the firewall endpoint's elastic network interface (ENI) for the destination subnet B (10.0.2.0/24), and similarly for subnet B's route table for subnet A (10.0.1.0/24). Additionally, the Network Firewall rule groups must be configured to allow the desired traffic; otherwise, the firewall will block it by default. Options A, D, and E are incorrect: A (transit gateway) is not needed because both subnets are in the same VPC; D (VPC peering) is unnecessary for intra-VPC traffic; E (security group rule) does not route traffic—security groups are applied at the instance level, not to control traffic between subnets.

Key principle: Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✗
Attach a transit gateway to the VPC and route traffic through it.
Why it's wrong here
Network Firewall can be used without a transit gateway for intra-VPC traffic.
✓
Configure the Network Firewall rule group to allow the desired traffic between subnets.
Why this is correct
The firewall must have rules to allow the traffic after routing it through.
Related concept
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
✓
Add a route in subnet A's route table that sends traffic to subnet B via the Network Firewall endpoint's elastic network interface.
Why this is correct
This forces traffic from subnet A to subnet B through the firewall.
Related concept
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
✗
Create a VPC peering connection between subnet A and subnet B.
Why it's wrong here
Subnets within the same VPC do not need peering.
✗
Create a security group rule that allows traffic between subnet A and subnet B.
Why it's wrong here
Security groups allow or deny traffic but do not route traffic through a firewall.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses

Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.

KKey Concepts to Remember

CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.

TExam Day Tips

Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.

Key takeaway

Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A healthcare organisation deploys an application with a public-facing web tier and a private database tier. The database subnet has no public IP and only accepts connections from the web tier's security group. Questions like this test whether you can design cloud network isolation using VNets/VPCs, subnets, and security group rules.

Visual reference

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this ANS-C01 question test?

Network Security, Compliance and Governance — This question tests Network Security, Compliance and Governance — CIDR notation defines the prefix length..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Configure the Network Firewall rule group to allow the desired traffic between subnets. — To inspect traffic between subnet A and subnet B, the traffic must be routed through the Network Firewall endpoint. This is achieved by adding a route in subnet A's route table that points to the firewall endpoint's elastic network interface (ENI) for the destination subnet B (10.0.2.0/24), and similarly for subnet B's route table for subnet A (10.0.1.0/24). Additionally, the Network Firewall rule groups must be configured to allow the desired traffic; otherwise, the firewall will block it by default. Options A, D, and E are incorrect: A (transit gateway) is not needed because both subnets are in the same VPC; D (VPC peering) is unnecessary for intra-VPC traffic; E (security group rule) does not route traffic—security groups are applied at the instance level, not to control traffic between subnets.

What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?

What is the key concept behind this question?

CIDR notation defines the prefix length.

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