ANS-C01 Network Security, Compliance and Governance Practice Question
A security engineer is designing a network firewall solution for a VPC with multiple subnets. The solution must inspect traffic between instances in the same VPC, including traffic within the same subnet. Which AWS service should be used?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
AWS Network Firewall
(AWS Network Firewall) is correct because it is a managed service that can inspect traffic between subnets and within a subnet in a VPC, providing stateful and stateless rules for deep packet inspection. Option A (Security Groups) is wrong because they are stateful but cannot inspect traffic within the same subnet; they only allow or deny traffic based on rules. Option B (VPC Flow Logs) is wrong because they capture metadata about traffic but do not inspect packets. Option D (AWS WAF) is wrong because it is designed for web application layer 7 inspection, not for general network traffic inspection.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Security Groups
Why it's wrong here
Act as a virtual firewall at the instance level, but not for deep packet inspection.
- ✗
VPC Flow Logs
Why it's wrong here
Capture IP traffic information but do not inspect or block traffic.
- ✓
AWS Network Firewall
Why this is correct
Provides stateful and stateless inspection for all VPC traffic.
- ✗
AWS WAF
Why it's wrong here
Designed to protect web applications from common web exploits.
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This ANS-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the ANS-C01 exam.