- A
Assign a security group to the VPC endpoint that allows inbound traffic from the VPC.
Why wrong: Wrong: Security groups are not supported for VPC endpoints; they are for instances.
- B
Create an S3 bucket policy with a condition that allows access only from the VPC endpoint.
Correct: S3 bucket policies can use aws:SourceVpce condition to restrict access.
- C
Attach a VPC endpoint policy that allows the desired actions on the S3 bucket.
Correct: VPC endpoint policies control access to S3 from the VPC.
- D
Configure a network ACL on the subnet to deny all inbound traffic except from the VPC.
Why wrong: Wrong: NACLs control subnet traffic but cannot restrict S3 bucket access.
- E
Use an IAM role to grant the VPC access to the S3 bucket.
Why wrong: Wrong: IAM roles grant permissions to identities, not traffic origin restrictions.
ANS-C01 Network Security, Compliance and Governance Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network security, compliance and governance. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company wants to restrict access to an S3 bucket so that only traffic from a specific VPC can read objects. Which TWO actions should be taken? (Choose two.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Create an S3 bucket policy with a condition that allows access only from the VPC endpoint.
Option A is correct because an S3 bucket policy can use the aws:SourceVpce condition key to allow access only from a specific VPC endpoint. Option C is correct because a VPC endpoint policy controls what actions principals within the VPC can perform on the S3 bucket. Option B is wrong because NACLs are stateless and not designed for this purpose; they control traffic at the subnet level but cannot enforce S3 bucket access. Option D is wrong because Security Groups do not apply to VPC endpoints; they are for EC2 instances. Option E is wrong because IAM roles do not restrict traffic origin; they grant permissions to identities.
Key principle: Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Assign a security group to the VPC endpoint that allows inbound traffic from the VPC.
Why it's wrong here
Wrong: Security groups are not supported for VPC endpoints; they are for instances.
- ✓
Create an S3 bucket policy with a condition that allows access only from the VPC endpoint.
Why this is correct
Correct: S3 bucket policies can use aws:SourceVpce condition to restrict access.
Related concept
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
- ✓
Attach a VPC endpoint policy that allows the desired actions on the S3 bucket.
Why this is correct
Correct: VPC endpoint policies control access to S3 from the VPC.
Related concept
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
- ✗
Configure a network ACL on the subnet to deny all inbound traffic except from the VPC.
Why it's wrong here
Wrong: NACLs control subnet traffic but cannot restrict S3 bucket access.
- ✗
Use an IAM role to grant the VPC access to the S3 bucket.
Why it's wrong here
Wrong: IAM roles grant permissions to identities, not traffic origin restrictions.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses
Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
- Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
- Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
- The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.
TExam Day Tips
- Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
- Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
- Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.
Key takeaway
Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this ANS-C01 question test?
Network Security, Compliance and Governance — This question tests Network Security, Compliance and Governance — CIDR notation defines the prefix length..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create an S3 bucket policy with a condition that allows access only from the VPC endpoint. — Option A is correct because an S3 bucket policy can use the aws:SourceVpce condition key to allow access only from a specific VPC endpoint. Option C is correct because a VPC endpoint policy controls what actions principals within the VPC can perform on the S3 bucket. Option B is wrong because NACLs are stateless and not designed for this purpose; they control traffic at the subnet level but cannot enforce S3 bucket access. Option D is wrong because Security Groups do not apply to VPC endpoints; they are for EC2 instances. Option E is wrong because IAM roles do not restrict traffic origin; they grant permissions to identities.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
What is the key concept behind this question?
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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