Quick Answer
The answer is an IAM policy with a condition for aws:MultiFactorAuthPresent. This is correct because an IAM policy can enforce multi-factor authentication by using a condition block that checks whether the user has authenticated with MFA before allowing API calls, effectively denying any action if the condition evaluates to false. On the AWS Certified Advanced Networking Specialty ANS-C01 exam, this concept tests your understanding of how to combine identity-based policies with condition keys to enforce security controls at the user level, often appearing as a distractor against Service Control Policies (SCPs) which can only enforce at the account or OU level after MFA is already configured in IAM. A common trap is assuming CloudTrail or Config can enforce MFA, but they only log or detect non-compliance. Remember the memory tip: “MFA condition in IAM, not SCP or Config—the policy is the enforcer, the rest just log or detect.”
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network security, compliance and governance. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company wants to ensure that all IAM users have multi-factor authentication (MFA) enabled. Which AWS service can be used to enforce this policy?
AWS Organizations SCP
Why wrong: SCPs can deny actions if MFA is not present, but the MFA device must be assigned via IAM.
AWS Config
Why wrong: Config can evaluate resources but not enforce MFA for users.
IAM policy with a condition for aws:MultiFactorAuthPresent
An IAM policy can require MFA for all actions.
AWS CloudTrail
Why wrong: CloudTrail logs API calls; it does not enforce policies.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
IAM policy with a condition for aws:MultiFactorAuthPresent
Option B is correct because IAM policies can require MFA for API calls. Option A is wrong because SCPs can enforce at the account level but require MFA to be set in IAM first. Option C is wrong because CloudTrail is for logging, not enforcement. Option D is wrong because Config can detect non-compliance but cannot enforce the policy.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
AWS Organizations SCP
Why it's wrong here
SCPs can deny actions if MFA is not present, but the MFA device must be assigned via IAM.
AWS Config
Why it's wrong here
Config can evaluate resources but not enforce MFA for users.
IAM policy with a condition for aws:MultiFactorAuthPresent
Why this is correct
An IAM policy can require MFA for all actions.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
AWS CloudTrail
Why it's wrong here
CloudTrail logs API calls; it does not enforce policies.
Common exam traps
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Detailed technical explanation
This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Identify which ANS-C01 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
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FAQ
Network Security, Compliance and Governance — This question tests Network Security, Compliance and Governance — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
The correct answer is: IAM policy with a condition for aws:MultiFactorAuthPresent — Option B is correct because IAM policies can require MFA for API calls. Option A is wrong because SCPs can enforce at the account level but require MFA to be set in IAM first. Option C is wrong because CloudTrail is for logging, not enforcement. Option D is wrong because Config can detect non-compliance but cannot enforce the policy.
Identify which ANS-C01 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
This ANS-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the ANS-C01 exam.
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