- A
Use VPC Peering to connect all VPCs to the inspection VPC and configure routes to the GWLB.
Why wrong: VPC Peering is not transitive; each VPC would need a peering connection, and routing is complex.
- B
Use AWS Direct Connect Gateway to connect all VPCs and route traffic through the inspection VPC.
Why wrong: Direct Connect Gateway is for on-premises connectivity, not VPC-to-VPC.
- C
Use AWS Transit Gateway with a centralized inspection VPC that hosts a GWLB. Configure route tables on the Transit Gateway to send traffic to the GWLB endpoint.
Transit Gateway allows transitive routing and can force traffic through the inspection VPC.
- D
Use AWS Network Firewall in each VPC and route traffic to it.
Why wrong: This does not centralize inspection and increases cost and management overhead.
ANS-C01 Network Design Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network design. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company is designing a network for a multi-account AWS environment using AWS Organizations. They need to establish a central inspection VPC for traffic inspection using a Gateway Load Balancer (GWLB). Traffic from all other VPCs should be routed through the inspection VPC before reaching the internet or on-premises. Which architecture should be used?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Use AWS Transit Gateway with a centralized inspection VPC that hosts a GWLB. Configure route tables on the Transit Gateway to send traffic to the GWLB endpoint.
Option C is correct because AWS Transit Gateway enables centralized routing between multiple VPCs, and when combined with a Gateway Load Balancer (GWLB) in an inspection VPC, it allows traffic from all other VPCs to be forwarded to the GWLB for inspection before reaching the internet or on-premises. Transit Gateway route tables can be configured with static routes pointing to the GWLB endpoint (using Gateway Load Balancer Endpoint service), ensuring all inter-VPC and egress traffic is steered through the inspection VPC. This architecture scales efficiently across many VPCs in an AWS Organizations multi-account setup without requiring complex peering or direct connections.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Use VPC Peering to connect all VPCs to the inspection VPC and configure routes to the GWLB.
Why it's wrong here
VPC Peering is not transitive; each VPC would need a peering connection, and routing is complex.
- ✗
Use AWS Direct Connect Gateway to connect all VPCs and route traffic through the inspection VPC.
Why it's wrong here
Direct Connect Gateway is for on-premises connectivity, not VPC-to-VPC.
- ✓
Use AWS Transit Gateway with a centralized inspection VPC that hosts a GWLB. Configure route tables on the Transit Gateway to send traffic to the GWLB endpoint.
Why this is correct
Transit Gateway allows transitive routing and can force traffic through the inspection VPC.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Use AWS Network Firewall in each VPC and route traffic to it.
Why it's wrong here
This does not centralize inspection and increases cost and management overhead.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse VPC Peering's lack of transitive routing with the ability to create a hub-and-spoke model, leading them to select Option A, but AWS explicitly states that VPC Peering does not support transitive routing, making Transit Gateway the only viable option for centralized inspection across multiple VPCs.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Under the hood, the GWLB endpoint is a VPC endpoint powered by AWS PrivateLink that uses Geneve encapsulation (UDP port 6081) to tunnel traffic from the Transit Gateway to the GWLB appliances, allowing the appliances to inspect the original packets while preserving source and destination IPs. In a real-world scenario, this architecture is critical for meeting compliance requirements like PCI DSS or HIPAA, where all egress traffic must be inspected by a centralized security stack, and the Transit Gateway's route tables can be configured with blackhole routes or specific prefix lists to enforce inspection only for certain traffic flows.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
An e-commerce site experiences heavy traffic on Black Friday and near-zero traffic during off-peak weeks. Rather than provisioning permanent large VMs, the team uses auto-scaling groups that add capacity automatically under load and reduce it overnight. Questions like this test whether you understand elasticity, availability zones, and cloud compute scaling patterns.
What to study next
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this ANS-C01 question test?
Network Design — This question tests Network Design — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Use AWS Transit Gateway with a centralized inspection VPC that hosts a GWLB. Configure route tables on the Transit Gateway to send traffic to the GWLB endpoint. — Option C is correct because AWS Transit Gateway enables centralized routing between multiple VPCs, and when combined with a Gateway Load Balancer (GWLB) in an inspection VPC, it allows traffic from all other VPCs to be forwarded to the GWLB for inspection before reaching the internet or on-premises. Transit Gateway route tables can be configured with static routes pointing to the GWLB endpoint (using Gateway Load Balancer Endpoint service), ensuring all inter-VPC and egress traffic is steered through the inspection VPC. This architecture scales efficiently across many VPCs in an AWS Organizations multi-account setup without requiring complex peering or direct connections.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026
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