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ANS-C01 Network Design Practice Question

A company is designing a multi-VPC architecture in the same region. The VPCs need to communicate with each other using private IP addresses. The company must minimize cost and operational overhead. Which solution should the company use?

⚠ Common exam trap

Candidates often choose Transit Gateway (Option D) because it is a modern, centralized solution, but they overlook the specific constraint of minimizing cost and operational overhead for a small number of VPCs, where VPC peering is simpler and cheaper.

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

Create VPC peering connections between each pair of VPCs.

VPC peering connections provide direct, private IP connectivity between VPCs using the AWS global network, with no bandwidth bottlenecks or single points of failure. It is the most cost-effective solution for a small number of VPCs (e.g., fewer than 10) as there are no hourly charges for the peering connection itself—only data transfer costs. This minimizes operational overhead compared to managing VPN tunnels or a Transit Gateway, as peering is a simple, one-to-one relationship that does not require additional appliances or complex routing policies.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • Set up AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections between each VPC.

    Why it's wrong here

    VPN is more expensive and complex than peering.

  • Use ClassicLink to connect the VPCs.

    Why it's wrong here

    ClassicLink is for EC2-Classic, not VPC-to-VPC.

  • Create VPC peering connections between each pair of VPCs.

    Why this is correct

    VPC peering is simple, low-cost, and uses private IPs.

  • Create a Transit Gateway and attach all VPCs.

    Why it's wrong here

    Transit Gateway is more expensive and complex than peering for few VPCs.

Visual reference

R1 R2 R3 R4 10 100 10 100 OSPF picks R1→R2→R4 (cost 20) over R1→R3→R4 (cost 200)

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Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security

Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva

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