The answer is using Transit Gateway route tables with specific associations and propagations, combined with AWS Network Firewall in a centralized inspection VPC. Transit Gateway route tables allow you to isolate traffic by controlling which VPCs can send and receive routes, effectively creating separate routing domains for segmentation. When you associate each VPC with a specific route table and control propagations, only VPCs that share a route table can communicate directly. To enforce stateful filtering between those domains, you route inter-VPC traffic through a Network Firewall deployed in a dedicated inspection VPC, which inspects and filters traffic based on source and destination VPCs. On the ANS-C01 exam, this tests your understanding of how Transit Gateway segmentation differs from simple VPC peering—a common trap is forgetting that route tables alone provide only Layer 3 isolation, while Network Firewall adds stateful inspection at Layers 4–7. Memory tip: think “route tables for the map, firewall for the guard”—the route table decides who can talk, the firewall decides what they can say.
ANS-C01 Network Design Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network design. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company has multiple VPCs connected via a Transit Gateway. They want to implement network segmentation so that only specific VPCs can communicate with each other. Which TWO methods can achieve this? (Choose two.)
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Deploy AWS Network Firewall in a centralized inspection VPC
AWS Network Firewall can be deployed in a centralized inspection VPC to filter traffic between VPCs attached to a Transit Gateway. By routing inter-VPC traffic through the firewall appliance, you can enforce stateful inspection and allow or deny traffic based on source/destination VPCs, achieving network segmentation.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✓
Deploy AWS Network Firewall in a centralized inspection VPC
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
✓
Use Transit Gateway route tables with specific associations and propagations
Why this is correct
Allows selective routing between VPC attachments.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
✗
Assign instances to different security groups
Why it's wrong here
Security groups work at instance level, not network level.
✗
Configure network ACLs on each subnet
Why it's wrong here
NACLs are stateless and per subnet, not for inter-VPC filtering.
✗
Create separate VPC peering connections
Why it's wrong here
Overcomplicates and not centralized.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
AWS often tests the misconception that security groups or network ACLs can control inter-VPC traffic across a Transit Gateway, but these constructs are limited to within a single VPC and do not affect transit routing.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Transit Gateway route tables allow you to isolate VPC attachments by associating each VPC with a specific route table and controlling propagation. For example, you can create separate route tables for production and development VPCs, ensuring that only VPCs in the same route table can exchange traffic. AWS Network Firewall adds deep packet inspection capabilities, supporting Suricata-compatible rules and TLS inspection, which is critical for compliance in regulated industries.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
→Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
→Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
Network Design — This question tests Network Design — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Deploy AWS Network Firewall in a centralized inspection VPC — AWS Network Firewall can be deployed in a centralized inspection VPC to filter traffic between VPCs attached to a Transit Gateway. By routing inter-VPC traffic through the firewall appliance, you can enforce stateful inspection and allow or deny traffic based on source/destination VPCs, achieving network segmentation.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Question Discussion
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