- A
Set up a VPN connection to an on-premises data center and route S3 traffic through the VPN, enabling VPC Flow Logs.
Why wrong: This adds unnecessary complexity and does not leverage AWS private connectivity.
- B
Create a Gateway VPC Endpoint for S3, enable VPC Flow Logs, and remove the NAT Gateway after verifying no other outbound internet traffic is needed.
Gateway Endpoint is free and highly available; VPC Flow Logs provide logging; removing the NAT Gateway reduces cost and SPOF.
- C
Create an Interface VPC Endpoint for S3 in each Availability Zone, enable VPC Flow Logs, and remove the NAT Gateway.
Why wrong: Interface Endpoints incur hourly charges and data processing fees; a Gateway Endpoint is free.
- D
Create a Gateway VPC Endpoint for S3, enable VPC Flow Logs, and keep the NAT Gateway for other outbound traffic.
Why wrong: Keeping the NAT Gateway still incurs costs and a single point of failure.
ANS-C01 Network Security, Compliance and Governance Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network security, compliance and governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company has a VPC with public and private subnets. They have a web application running on EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group in the public subnets. The application needs to read and write data to an S3 bucket. They want to ensure that traffic to S3 does not traverse the internet. The security team also requires that all traffic to S3 be logged. The current setup uses a NAT Gateway for outbound internet access. However, the NAT Gateway is a single point of failure and costs are high. They want to replace it with a more cost-effective and highly available solution that meets the logging requirement. What should they do?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Create a Gateway VPC Endpoint for S3, enable VPC Flow Logs, and remove the NAT Gateway after verifying no other outbound internet traffic is needed.
Option C is correct. A Gateway VPC Endpoint for S3 is free, highly available by design, and does not require a NAT Gateway. VPC Flow Logs can capture traffic to the endpoint for logging. Option A is wrong because an Interface Endpoint incurs costs. Option B is wrong because removing the NAT Gateway would break other internet access. Option D is wrong because a VPN does not provide direct S3 access and adds complexity.
Key principle: Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Set up a VPN connection to an on-premises data center and route S3 traffic through the VPN, enabling VPC Flow Logs.
Why it's wrong here
This adds unnecessary complexity and does not leverage AWS private connectivity.
- ✓
Create a Gateway VPC Endpoint for S3, enable VPC Flow Logs, and remove the NAT Gateway after verifying no other outbound internet traffic is needed.
- ✗
Create an Interface VPC Endpoint for S3 in each Availability Zone, enable VPC Flow Logs, and remove the NAT Gateway.
Why it's wrong here
Interface Endpoints incur hourly charges and data processing fees; a Gateway Endpoint is free.
- ✗
Create a Gateway VPC Endpoint for S3, enable VPC Flow Logs, and keep the NAT Gateway for other outbound traffic.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses
Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
- Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
- Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
- The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.
TExam Day Tips
- Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
- Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
- Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.
Key takeaway
Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A startup's cloud architect reviews their monthly bill and notices costs are higher than expected for a long-running batch job. Switching from on-demand instances to Reserved Instances — or using Spot/Preemptible VMs — can reduce compute costs by up to 72 %. Questions like this test whether you understand the tradeoffs between commitment, flexibility, and cost across cloud pricing models.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this ANS-C01 question test?
Network Security, Compliance and Governance — This question tests Network Security, Compliance and Governance — CIDR notation defines the prefix length..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create a Gateway VPC Endpoint for S3, enable VPC Flow Logs, and remove the NAT Gateway after verifying no other outbound internet traffic is needed. — Option C is correct. A Gateway VPC Endpoint for S3 is free, highly available by design, and does not require a NAT Gateway. VPC Flow Logs can capture traffic to the endpoint for logging. Option A is wrong because an Interface Endpoint incurs costs. Option B is wrong because removing the NAT Gateway would break other internet access. Option D is wrong because a VPN does not provide direct S3 access and adds complexity.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
What is the key concept behind this question?
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
This ANS-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the ANS-C01 exam.
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