SC-900 Describe the capabilities of Microsoft security solutions Practice Test 2 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A security team needs to continuously assess the security posture of Azure resources, including virtual machines, storage accounts, and SQL databases. They also want to identify vulnerabilities in both Windows and Linux servers running in Azure and on-premises, and receive prioritized recommendations for remediation. Which Microsoft security solution should they use?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Defender for Cloud. Microsoft Defender for Cloud is the correct solution because it provides continuous assessment of Azure resources (VMs, storage accounts, SQL databases) and hybrid workloads, including vulnerability scanning for Windows and Linux servers both in Azure and on-premises. It delivers prioritized remediation recommendations based on the secure score and integrated vulnerability assessment tools like Qualys or Microsoft Defender Vulnerability Management.

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Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

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Microsoft Sentinel

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Microsoft Purview

Question 2

A company runs containerized applications on Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) and stores container images in Azure Container Registry. The security team wants to automatically scan container images for vulnerabilities every time a new image is pushed to the registry and receive recommendations for remediation. Which Microsoft security solution should they enable?

Accepted Answer

C. Microsoft Defender for Cloud. Microsoft Defender for Cloud provides integrated vulnerability assessment for container images stored in Azure Container Registry. When enabled, it automatically scans each new image pushed to the registry, identifies known vulnerabilities (using the Qualys scanner or Microsoft's own threat intelligence), and generates actionable remediation recommendations. This directly meets the security team's requirement for automated scanning and remediation guidance.

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A. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

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B. Microsoft Defender for Identity

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D. Microsoft Defender for Office 365

Question 3

An organization wants to protect its Azure PaaS services, such as Azure SQL Database and Azure Key Vault, by detecting and alerting on suspicious activities like SQL injection attempts or unusual access patterns. They also need to integrate these alerts into a central security information and event management (SIEM) system for further analysis. Which Microsoft security solution provides the threat detection capability described?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Defender for Cloud. Microsoft Defender for Cloud provides unified security management and advanced threat protection across hybrid cloud workloads, including Azure PaaS services like Azure SQL Database and Azure Key Vault. It detects suspicious activities such as SQL injection attempts and unusual access patterns using built-in behavioral analytics and integrates alerts into a central SIEM system via Azure Monitor or directly to Microsoft Sentinel.

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Microsoft Sentinel

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Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

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Microsoft Defender for Identity

Question 4

A large enterprise uses a variety of cloud applications, including sanctioned apps like Microsoft 365 and unsanctioned apps that employees adopted without IT approval. The security team wants to discover all cloud applications in use, assess each app's risk score based on more than 80 risk factors, and control data sharing within sanctioned apps to prevent data leakage. Additionally, they need to identify which users are using a new, unknown file-sharing service. Which Microsoft security solution should be deployed to meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps. Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps (formerly Microsoft Cloud App Security) is a Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB) that provides visibility into both sanctioned and unsanctioned cloud apps through its Cloud Discovery feature. It assesses risk scores based on over 80 risk factors (e.g., encryption standards, data residency, and compliance certifications) and enables data sharing controls via session policies (e.g., Conditional Access App Control) to prevent data leakage. It also supports anomaly detection to identify users of new, unknown file-sharing services by analyzing traffic logs from network appliances or endpoints.

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Microsoft Defender for Cloud

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Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

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Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP)

Question 5

An organization uses Exchange Online and is concerned about phishing attacks that include malicious hyperlinks. They need a security solution that checks URLs at the time a user clicks them and blocks access to known malicious or suspicious websites. The solution must also provide real-time reputation analysis for link clicks. Which Microsoft security solution should they enable?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Defender for Office 365. Microsoft Defender for Office 365 (MDO) provides Safe Links, a feature specifically designed to protect against phishing attacks by scanning URLs at the time of click. It performs real-time reputation analysis against Microsoft's threat intelligence to block access to known malicious or suspicious websites. This directly addresses the requirement for click-time URL verification and blocking.

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Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

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Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps

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Microsoft Sentinel

Question 6

A security operations team uses Microsoft 365 Defender and wants to detect, investigate, and automatically respond to advanced identity-based attacks targeting on-premises Active Directory, such as Pass-the-Hash (PtH) and Golden Ticket attacks. They also need to integrate these alerts into Microsoft Sentinel for central incident management. Which Microsoft security solution provides these capabilities?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Defender for Identity. Microsoft Defender for Identity (MDI) is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to detect, investigate, and automatically respond to advanced identity-based attacks targeting on-premises Active Directory, including Pass-the-Hash (PtH) and Golden Ticket attacks. It uses behavioral analytics and machine learning to identify suspicious activities such as anomalous Kerberos ticket requests and NTLM authentication anomalies. MDI also natively integrates with Microsoft Sentinel, allowing alerts to be ingested for central incident management.

Answer

Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps

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Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

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Microsoft Defender for Office 365

Question 7

A company uses a mix of Azure virtual machines and on-premises Windows and Linux servers. The security team wants a single, integrated solution that can continuously assess these servers for missing security updates, weak operating system configurations, and common vulnerabilities. The solution should provide prioritized remediation recommendations. Which Microsoft security solution should they use?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Defender for Cloud. Microsoft Defender for Cloud provides a unified infrastructure security management solution that continuously assesses hybrid workloads, including Azure VMs and on-premises Windows/Linux servers. It integrates with Azure Policy and Microsoft Defender Vulnerability Management to detect missing security updates, weak OS configurations, and common vulnerabilities, then delivers prioritized remediation recommendations based on risk scores.

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Microsoft Sentinel

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Microsoft Defender for Identity

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Microsoft 365 Defender

Question 8

A security operations team uses Microsoft Sentinel to centralize security log analysis. They need to ingest logs from a third-party firewall that does not have a native connector. What should the team use to bring the firewall logs into Microsoft Sentinel?

Accepted Answer

Data connectors. Microsoft Sentinel uses data connectors to ingest logs from various sources, including third-party devices that lack native connectors. For a firewall without a built-in connector, the team can use the Common Event Format (CEF) connector or Syslog connector, which are both categorized as data connectors. These connectors allow the firewall to forward logs via Syslog or CEF over UDP/TCP, which Sentinel then parses and ingests into the Log Analytics workspace.

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Playbooks

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Workbooks

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Analytics rules

Question 9

An organization uses Microsoft 365 Defender and wants to automate the investigation and response to common email-based phishing attacks. They want the system to automatically take actions such as deleting malicious emails from user inboxes across the organization after analysis. Which Microsoft 365 Defender component provides this automated capability?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Defender for Office 365. Microsoft Defender for Office 365 includes automated investigation and response (AIR) capabilities specifically designed for email-based threats like phishing. When a phishing email is detected, AIR can automatically trigger remediation actions—such as soft-deleting or hard-deleting the malicious message from user mailboxes—based on predefined playbooks, without requiring manual intervention.

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Azure AD Identity Protection

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Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

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Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps

Question 10

A security operations team needs to protect their organization's Windows 10 and Windows 11 devices from advanced persistent threats (APTs), ransomware, and fileless malware. They also require a centralized dashboard to view device security posture, investigate incidents, and perform proactive threat hunting using advanced queries. Which Microsoft security solution should they deploy?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Defender for Endpoint. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint (MDE) is the correct solution because it provides endpoint detection and response (EDR) capabilities specifically designed to protect Windows 10 and Windows 11 devices against advanced persistent threats (APTs), ransomware, and fileless malware. It includes a centralized dashboard (Microsoft 365 Defender portal) for viewing device security posture, investigating incidents, and performing proactive threat hunting using advanced hunting queries based on Kusto Query Language (KQL).

Answer

Microsoft Defender for Office 365

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Microsoft Defender for Identity

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Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps

Question 11

A company uses Exchange Online. The security team wants to protect users from malware hidden in email attachments by detonating them in a secure sandbox environment before delivery. Which Microsoft Defender for Office 365 feature should they enable?

Accepted Answer

Safe Attachments. Safe Attachments is the correct feature because it specifically detonates email attachments in a secure, isolated sandbox environment to detect and block malware before the message reaches the user's inbox. This feature uses dynamic analysis to observe attachment behavior in real time, ensuring zero-day threats are identified and neutralized.

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Safe Links

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Anti-Phishing

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Anti-Spoofing

Question 12

A company runs workloads in Azure and Amazon Web Services (AWS). The security team wants a single, unified dashboard to assess the security posture of all cloud resources, get prioritized recommendations for misconfigurations, and enable just-in-time (JIT) virtual machine access across both cloud environments. Which Microsoft security solution should they use?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Defender for Cloud. Microsoft Defender for Cloud is the correct solution because it provides a unified dashboard for assessing security posture across multi-cloud environments, including Azure and AWS. It delivers prioritized recommendations for misconfigurations using the Microsoft cloud security benchmark and supports just-in-time (JIT) VM access to reduce attack surfaces by controlling inbound traffic on demand.

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Microsoft Sentinel

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Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps

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Azure Policy

Question 13

A company uses Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps to secure its cloud applications. The security team wants to monitor and control data activities in a third-party cloud app (e.g., Box) in real time. Specifically, they need to block downloads of files that have a 'Confidential' sensitivity label when users access the app from unmanaged devices. Which capability of Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps should they configure?

Accepted Answer

Conditional Access App Control. Conditional Access App Control (CAAC) is the correct capability because it enforces real-time session policies that can block downloads based on sensitivity labels and device compliance. By integrating with Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps, CAAC intercepts user sessions to third-party apps like Box and applies granular controls, such as blocking file downloads when the device is unmanaged and the file carries a 'Confidential' label.

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Cloud Discovery

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App connector

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Information protection

Question 14

A security operations team uses multiple Microsoft security products, including Microsoft Defender for Endpoint, Microsoft Defender for Office 365, and Microsoft Entra ID Protection. They want to aggregate alerts from these sources into a single dashboard, correlate them to create incidents, and use automated playbooks to respond to threats. The team also wants to query historical security data for threat hunting. Which Microsoft solution should they deploy?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Sentinel. Microsoft Sentinel is the correct choice because it is a cloud-native SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) and SOAR (Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response) solution that ingests alerts from multiple sources, including Microsoft Defender for Endpoint, Defender for Office 365, and Entra ID Protection, into a single dashboard. It correlates these alerts into incidents using analytics rules and supports automated playbooks via Azure Logic Apps. Additionally, Sentinel provides a Kusto Query Language (KQL)-based workspace for querying historical security data, enabling threat hunting.

Answer

Microsoft 365 Defender portal

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Microsoft Defender for Cloud

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Azure Monitor

Question 15

A company runs workloads in Microsoft Azure, Amazon Web Services (AWS), and Google Cloud Platform (GCP). The security team needs a single, unified dashboard to continuously assess the security posture of all cloud resources, identify misconfigurations, and receive prioritized recommendations for remediation. Which Microsoft security solution should they use?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Defender for Cloud. Microsoft Defender for Cloud is the correct solution because it provides a unified cloud security posture management (CSPM) dashboard that continuously assesses resources across Azure, AWS, and GCP. It identifies misconfigurations against industry benchmarks (e.g., CIS, NIST) and delivers prioritized, actionable recommendations to remediate risks, directly meeting the requirement for a single dashboard across multi-cloud environments.

Answer

Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps

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Microsoft Sentinel

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Microsoft Defender for Endpoint