SC-100 Design solutions that align with security best practices and priorities Practice Test 10 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company wants to use Microsoft Defender XDR to correlate alerts across endpoints, email, and identities. Which component enables this correlation?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Defender XDR. Microsoft Defender XDR (the new name for Microsoft 365 Defender) is the unified pre- and post-breach enterprise defense suite that natively correlates signals from Microsoft Defender for Endpoint, Microsoft Defender for Office 365, Microsoft Defender for Identity, and Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps. Its correlation engine uses machine learning and the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph to fuse alerts across these domains into a single incident, enabling security teams to see the full attack chain from email to endpoint to identity.

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Microsoft 365 Defender

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Microsoft Sentinel

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Microsoft Defender for Cloud

Question 2

A company uses Microsoft Entra ID Governance. They need to automate the process of granting access to a SaaS application based on the user's department attribute. Which feature should they use?

Accepted Answer

Entitlement management. Entitlement management in Microsoft Entra ID Governance allows you to create access packages that define collections of resources (like SaaS apps) and policies for who can request access. By configuring a dynamic membership rule based on the user's department attribute, you can automate granting access to the SaaS application without manual intervention. This directly meets the requirement to automate access based on a user attribute.

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Lifecycle workflows

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Access reviews

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Privileged identity management

Question 3

Refer to the exhibit. You are reviewing a Conditional Access policy JSON. What is the effect of this policy?

Accepted Answer

Blocks sign-ins from users with high user risk. The policy JSON specifies `"userRiskLevels": ["high"]` under the conditions block, which means it targets only users whose user risk level is assessed as high by Microsoft Entra ID Protection. The grant control is set to `"builtInControls": ["block"]`, so the policy blocks sign-ins for those high-risk users. Option B is correct because the policy explicitly blocks sign-ins from users with high user risk, not sign-in risk or all users.

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Blocks sign-ins from locations with high sign-in risk

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Blocks all sign-ins from any user

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Requires multifactor authentication for high-risk users

Question 4

Refer to the exhibit. You are analyzing a KQL query in Microsoft Sentinel. What is the purpose of this query?

Accepted Answer

Identify malware alerts on unmanaged devices. The query uses the `DeviceInfo` table to filter for devices where `IsManaged` is `false`, then joins with `SecurityAlert` to find alerts where `AlertName` contains 'Malware'. This specifically identifies malware alerts generated on unmanaged devices, not all malware alerts or a general device inventory.

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Correlate malware alerts with device OS version

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List all malware alerts in the last 7 days

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Show device inventory for unmanaged devices

Question 5

Refer to the exhibit. You are reviewing an ARM template for an Azure storage account. Which security best practice is implemented?

Accepted Answer

Deny all network traffic by default. The ARM template snippet shows the 'defaultAction' property set to 'Deny' under 'networkAcls', which explicitly denies all network traffic by default. This is a security best practice because it implements a zero-trust network model, ensuring that only explicitly allowed traffic (via IP rules or virtual network rules) can access the storage account. Option C correctly identifies this as the default deny behavior.

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Enforce HTTPS traffic only

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Restrict network access by IP address

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Enable soft delete for blobs

Question 6

Your organization uses Microsoft Defender for Cloud to assess the security posture of Azure resources. The security team wants to prioritize remediation of high-severity findings based on the greatest potential business impact. Which security policy or framework should you configure to align remediation with business priorities?

Accepted Answer

Enable the Regulatory Compliance dashboard. The Regulatory Compliance dashboard in Microsoft Defender for Cloud allows you to map security controls to specific regulatory standards (e.g., SOC 2, ISO 27001, PCI DSS) and track compliance posture. By selecting a framework that aligns with your organization's business obligations (e.g., a standard required by customers or regulators), you can prioritize remediation of high-severity findings based on the greatest potential business impact, such as fines or loss of certification.

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Use the Azure Security Benchmark initiative

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Set up workflow automation for high-severity findings

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Configure the Secure Score dashboard

Question 7

Your organization is implementing a privileged access strategy using Microsoft Entra Privileged Identity Management (PIM). The compliance team requires that all privileged role activations be approved by a manager and that an audit trail is maintained for at least one year. Which configuration should you recommend?

Accepted Answer

Set PIM role settings to require approval and enable audit logging. It directly addresses both compliance requirements: requiring approval ensures a manager authorizes each activation, and enabling audit logging in PIM retains activation history for at least one year. PIM role settings allow you to configure approval workflows and automatically log all activations to the Microsoft Entra audit log, which can be exported and retained for compliance purposes.

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Configure access reviews for privileged roles

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Enable Conditional Access policies for privileged roles

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Require Azure MFA for role activation

Question 8

Your organization is migrating to Microsoft 365 and wants to implement a data classification strategy. The compliance team needs to automatically detect and label documents containing personal data (e.g., Social Security numbers) in SharePoint Online. Which Microsoft Purview solution should you use?

Accepted Answer

Auto-labeling policies. Auto-labeling policies in Microsoft Purview are designed to automatically detect sensitive data types (e.g., Social Security numbers) using built-in or custom sensitive information types and apply sensitivity labels to documents in SharePoint Online. This meets the requirement for automatic detection and labeling without user intervention, as the compliance team needs.

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Records Management

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eDiscovery

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Data Loss Prevention policies

Question 9

A company is migrating its on-premises Active Directory to Microsoft Entra ID. They need to ensure that all user authentication for cloud apps uses passwordless methods. Which security best practice should they implement?

Accepted Answer

Implement Microsoft Entra ID passwordless authentication. The company's requirement is specifically to ensure all user authentication for cloud apps uses passwordless methods. Microsoft Entra ID passwordless authentication (e.g., Windows Hello for Business, FIDO2 security keys, or Microsoft Authenticator) directly eliminates passwords from the authentication flow, aligning with the stated goal. Other options, while enhancing security, do not enforce passwordless authentication.

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Configure conditional access policies to block legacy authentication

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Enable Microsoft Entra ID Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

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Require multifactor authentication (MFA) for all users

Question 10

A company uses Microsoft Sentinel and wants to prioritize incidents using user risk scores from Microsoft Entra ID Protection. Which configuration should they use to automatically assign a Sentinel severity based on the user's risk level?

Accepted Answer

Create a custom analytics rule that uses the RiskLevel field to set severity. A is correct because Microsoft Sentinel's custom analytics rules can directly reference the `RiskLevel` field from Microsoft Entra ID Protection user risk data ingested via the UEBA connector. By writing a KQL query that checks the user's risk level (e.g., `RiskLevel == 'high'`) and mapping it to a Sentinel severity (e.g., High, Medium, Low) within the rule's incident creation settings, you automate severity assignment without external dependencies. This native integration ensures real-time synchronization of risk levels to incident priority.

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Configure an automation rule to set severity when risk is high

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Use a watchlist to map risk levels to severity

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Create a playbook that assigns severity based on risk

Question 11

A company uses Microsoft Intune to manage devices. They want to ensure that only devices that have passed health attestation can access corporate email. Which method should they use?

Accepted Answer

Create a device compliance policy for health attestation and use Conditional Access to require compliant devices. It combines a device compliance policy that evaluates health attestation (e.g., BitLocker status, Secure Boot, code integrity) with a Conditional Access policy that grants access to corporate email only when the device is marked as compliant. This is the standard Microsoft approach for enforcing health attestation before granting access to cloud resources like Exchange Online.

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Use Microsoft Defender for Endpoint to block devices that fail health attestation

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Create an app protection policy to require device health attestation

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Create a device configuration policy to enforce health attestation

Question 12

A security architect needs to design a solution that provides a unified view of security alerts from multiple clouds (Azure, AWS, GCP) and on-premises systems. The solution must also support automated response using playbooks. Which Microsoft service should they use?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Sentinel. Microsoft Sentinel is the correct choice because it is a cloud-native SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) and SOAR (Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response) solution that ingests security alerts from multiple clouds (Azure, AWS, GCP) and on-premises systems via connectors. It supports automated response through playbooks built on Azure Logic Apps, enabling unified alert management and remediation workflows.

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Microsoft Defender XDR

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Microsoft Defender for Cloud

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Microsoft Purview

Question 13

A company uses Azure DevOps and wants to implement a DevSecOps practice by scanning code for secrets and vulnerabilities before deployment. Which tool should they integrate into their pipeline?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Defender for DevOps. Microsoft Defender for DevOps is the correct choice because it is a unified DevSecOps solution that integrates directly into Azure DevOps pipelines to scan code for secrets, vulnerabilities, and open-source dependencies before deployment. It provides actionable security insights and remediation guidance, aligning with the requirement to implement a DevSecOps practice by scanning code for secrets and vulnerabilities.

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Azure Policy

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Microsoft Purview

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GitHub Advanced Security

Question 14

Your organization is adopting a Zero Trust security model. You need to design a solution that ensures continuous verification of user identity and device health before granting access to resources. Which Microsoft Entra ID feature should you prioritize?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Entra ID Conditional Access. Conditional Access is the primary Microsoft Entra ID feature that enforces continuous verification by evaluating user identity, device health (via compliance policies or Microsoft Defender for Endpoint signals), location, and risk in real-time before granting access. It directly supports the Zero Trust principle of 'never trust, always verify' by requiring authentication and authorization at every access attempt, not just at the perimeter.

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Microsoft Entra ID Domain Services

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Microsoft Entra ID Identity Protection

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Microsoft Entra ID Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Question 15

Your organization wants to implement a security baseline for Azure resources using built-in policies. Which Azure service should you use to assign policies that enforce compliance with security best practices?

Accepted Answer

Azure Policy. Azure Policy is the correct service because it allows you to create, assign, and manage policies that enforce specific rules and effects on your Azure resources. These policies can be used to implement a security baseline by ensuring resources comply with built-in security best practices, such as requiring encryption or restricting resource types. Azure Policy evaluates resources against assigned policies and can automatically remediate non-compliant resources.

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Azure Blueprints

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Microsoft Defender for Cloud

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Azure Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)