PCNSA Practice Test 1 — 30 Questions

Question 1

A user at 192.168.1.10 attempts to access a social networking site (application: social-networking). Based on the exhibit, what will the firewall do?

Accepted Answer

Deny the traffic because rule 2 matches and denies social-networking.. The firewall evaluates rules in order from top to bottom. Rule 2 explicitly denies the application 'social-networking', and since the user at 192.168.1.10 is attempting to access a social-networking site, rule 2 matches before any subsequent rule. Therefore, the traffic is denied. Option D is correct because rule 2 matches and denies the traffic.

Answer

Allow the traffic because rule 1 matches and allows all web traffic.

Answer

Allow the traffic because rule 3 allows all traffic.

Answer

Deny the traffic because no rule allows social-networking.

Question 2

Drag and drop the steps to configure a site-to-site IPsec VPN on a Palo Alto Networks firewall into the correct order.

Question 3

Drag and drop the steps to perform a packet capture (tcpdump) on a Palo Alto Networks firewall using the CLI into the correct order.

Question 4

Drag and drop the steps to configure a User-ID agent on a Palo Alto Networks firewall into the correct order.

Question 5

Drag and drop the steps to configure a VLAN interface on a Palo Alto Networks firewall into the correct order.

Question 6

A network engineer is troubleshooting a drop in traffic from a critical application. The traffic is allowed by the security policy, but the firewall is dropping the packets. The engineer views the session log and sees that the session is being terminated due to 'tcp-non-syn'. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Asymmetric routing is causing packets to arrive at a firewall that did not see the initial SYN.. When a firewall sees a non-SYN TCP packet without having seen the initial SYN, it cannot validate the TCP three-way handshake state. This typically occurs with asymmetric routing, where the SYN traverses one firewall and subsequent packets arrive at a different firewall that lacks the session state. The firewall drops these packets with the 'tcp-non-syn' reason because it has no corresponding session entry to associate them with.

Answer

The TCP sequence numbers are out of order, causing the packets to be out of the expected window.

Answer

The NAT policy is misconfigured, causing the source IP to not be translated correctly.

Answer

The security policy uses an incorrect service object that doesn't match the application.

Question 7

A security engineer needs to ensure that all traffic from the internal network to the internet is inspected by the firewall. The firewall is deployed in layer 3 mode with virtual wire subinterfaces. Which configuration is required to achieve this?

Accepted Answer

Create a security policy rule that allows traffic from the internal zone to the external zone. Option A is correct because in a Layer 3 firewall deployment with virtual wire subinterfaces, traffic inspection is governed by security policy rules. A rule allowing traffic from the internal zone to the external zone ensures that all outbound traffic is evaluated and inspected by the firewall, as security policies are the primary mechanism for controlling and logging traffic in Palo Alto Networks firewalls.

Answer

Define a NAT policy to translate internal IPs to the external interface

Answer

Enable SSL decryption on the firewall

Answer

Configure a virtual wire between the internal and external interfaces

Question 8

A company has a PA-5250 firewall in an active/passive HA pair. During a maintenance window, the administrator upgrades the passive firewall from PAN-OS 10.0 to 10.1. After the upgrade, the passive firewall fails to synchronize with the active firewall. The active firewall remains at 10.0. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The PAN-OS versions are different between the HA peers. PAN-OS requires both HA peers to run the same major version to synchronize configuration and state. The active firewall at PAN-OS 10.0 and the passive at 10.1 are incompatible, preventing HA synchronization. Even though the passive firewall was upgraded, the active firewall remains on the older version, breaking the HA session.

Answer

The HA2 link is down or misconfigured

Answer

The HA keepalive timer is misconfigured

Answer

The passive firewall has preemption enabled

Question 9

An organization is deploying a firewall in a high-availability (HA) pair. The administrator wants to ensure that session state is synchronized between the firewalls so that active sessions are not dropped during failover. Which configuration is required?

Accepted Answer

Enable Session Setup and State Synchronization under HA configuration. Option C is correct because session state synchronization (also known as stateful failover) requires enabling both Session Setup and State Synchronization under the HA configuration. This ensures that the active firewall's session table is continuously replicated to the passive firewall, so when a failover occurs, existing sessions are not dropped and can continue without interruption.

Answer

Configure HA1 and HA2 interfaces with appropriate IPs

Answer

Enable Config Sync on the HA General tab

Answer

Configure Path Monitoring to detect link failures

Question 10

A company has a firewall configured with multiple virtual routers. A user on a trusted network can ping the firewall's management IP but cannot reach an external server. The security policy allows the traffic. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The virtual router does not have a default route to the external network.. The most likely cause is that the virtual router lacks a default route to the external network. Even though the security policy permits the traffic, the firewall must have a route in the virtual router's routing table to forward packets toward the destination. Without a default route, the firewall drops the traffic because it cannot determine the next hop for the external server's IP address.

Answer

A zone protection profile is blocking ICMP packets.

Answer

The decryption policy is blocking the traffic because it is not decrypted.

Answer

The NAT policy is missing for the outbound traffic.

Question 11

Refer to the exhibit. A user on the Sales subnet (10.10.1.50) attempts to browse to an external website using HTTP (port 80) to download a legitimate file. The website's IP is 203.0.113.50. Which rule will match this traffic?

Accepted Answer

Rule 2 (Allow-Any-Web). Rule 2 (Allow-Any-Web) is correct because it is a broad rule that permits HTTP (port 80) traffic from any source to any destination, which matches the user's attempt to browse to an external website. The traffic originates from the Sales subnet (10.10.1.50) and targets IP 203.0.113.50 on port 80, and since no more specific rule (like Rule 1) matches the destination, Rule 2 applies as the first general web access rule.

Answer

Rule 4 (Allow-DNS)

Answer

Rule 3 (Block-Restricted-Apps)

Answer

Rule 1 (Allow-Sales-to-App)

Question 12

A security administrator wants to block all traffic using the BitTorrent protocol regardless of port. Which method should they use?

Accepted Answer

Create a security rule with Application set to 'bittorrent' and Action set to 'Deny'.. Option B is correct because Palo Alto Networks firewalls use App-ID to identify applications like BitTorrent by their unique signatures, regardless of port or encryption. By creating a security rule with the application set to 'bittorrent' and action set to 'Deny', the firewall blocks all BitTorrent traffic even if it uses non-standard ports or tries to masquerade as other protocols.

Answer

Use URL Filtering to block BitTorrent.

Answer

Use Data Filtering to block BitTorrent traffic.

Answer

Block the commonly used ports for BitTorrent.

Question 13

An administrator needs to block traffic from a specific internal IP address to the internet. Which object type should be used in the security policy source field?

Accepted Answer

Address object. To block traffic from a specific internal IP address to the internet, you must identify that source IP in the security policy rule. An Address Object is the correct object type because it represents a single IP address or subnet and can be directly placed in the source field of a security policy rule to match traffic from that host. Tags, Address Groups, and Regions are not designed to represent a single IP address for source matching in this context.

Answer

Tag

Answer

Address group

Answer

Region

Question 14

A security engineer is configuring a Palo Alto Networks firewall to protect a web server. The engineer wants to ensure that only HTTP and HTTPS traffic is allowed to the server, and that the traffic is inspected for threats. Which TWO actions should the engineer take?

Accepted Answer

Create a Security policy rule that allows traffic from any source to the web server on destination ports 80 and 443.. Option A is correct because a Security policy rule explicitly allowing traffic to destination ports 80 and 443 ensures only HTTP and HTTPS traffic reaches the web server, aligning with the requirement to restrict allowed traffic. This rule uses port-based matching to permit only the specified services, which is a foundational step in controlling access.

Answer

Configure an SSL Forward Proxy decryption policy to decrypt HTTPS traffic.

Answer

Create a Security policy rule that allows all traffic to the web server and relies on Application ID to filter.

Answer

Create a Security policy rule that blocks all traffic not matching the web-browsing and ssl applications.

Question 15

Which TWO of the following are best practices for configuring SSL Forward Proxy decryption? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Exclude traffic to financial and healthcare sites from decryption.. Options B and D are correct. Option A is wrong because CA-signed certs are recommended for trust. Option C is wrong because decrypting internal traffic can cause issues; best practice is to exclude internal traffic. Option E is wrong because decrypting all traffic is not recommended; use selective decryption.

Answer

Use a self-signed certificate for decryption.

Answer

Decrypt all internal traffic including server-to-server.

Answer

Decrypt all outbound traffic regardless of destination.

Question 16

A security administrator wants to block users from accessing social media websites during business hours. The firewall is connected to the internet and has a Security policy that allows general web browsing. What is the most efficient way to block social media?

Accepted Answer

Create a new Security policy rule with a URL Filtering profile that blocks the social-media category.. Option B is correct because URL Filtering profiles are specifically designed to block entire categories of websites (like social media) based on URL categorization, which is the most efficient method for blocking access to social media sites. This approach leverages Palo Alto Networks' URL Filtering database, which categorizes millions of URLs, allowing the administrator to block the entire 'social-media' category with a single policy rule without needing to identify individual applications or destinations.

Answer

Create a new Security policy rule with an Application ID that blocks social-media applications.

Answer

Add a Custom Signature to the existing rule to block social media traffic.

Answer

Modify the existing web browsing rule to deny social media destinations.

Question 17

A company has multiple branch offices that use overlapping private IP ranges (192.168.0.0/16). To avoid conflicts when these branches connect to the data center via IPsec, the administrator needs to translate branch source IPs to unique addresses. Which object type is best suited for this task?

Accepted Answer

NAT address pool. A NAT address pool is the correct object type because it allows the administrator to translate overlapping private IP addresses (192.168.0.0/16) from multiple branch offices into unique, non-overlapping IP addresses before sending traffic over the IPsec tunnel. This prevents routing conflicts at the data center by ensuring each branch's source IPs are mapped to distinct addresses from a defined pool, a process known as source NAT (SNAT) or IP address translation.

Answer

External dynamic list

Answer

Service group

Answer

IPsec Crypto profile

Question 18

Refer to the exhibit. A firewall administrator is troubleshooting a performance issue. The number of half-open TCP connections is unusually high. What is a likely cause?

Accepted Answer

An application on the internal network is not completing TCP handshakes.. A high number of half-open TCP connections indicates that SYN packets are received but the three-way handshake is never completed. Option B is correct because an internal application that fails to send the final ACK (or does not respond to SYN-ACK) leaves connections in a half-open state, consuming firewall resources and degrading performance.

Answer

A DDoS attack is flooding the firewall with SYN packets.

Answer

The firewall's TCP timeout setting is too short.

Answer

The firewall's hardware is failing.

Question 19

A security team is deploying a Palo Alto Networks firewall in an AWS VPC using the VM-Series. They need to ensure that traffic between two subnets within the same VPC is inspected by the firewall. What is the required network configuration?

Accepted Answer

Deploy the firewall with two elastic network interfaces, one in each subnet, and configure route tables to send inter-subnet traffic through the firewall.. Option A is correct because to inspect traffic between two subnets within the same VPC, the VM-Series firewall must be deployed with two elastic network interfaces (ENIs), one in each subnet. Route tables for both subnets must be configured to direct inter-subnet traffic to the firewall's ENI as the next hop, ensuring all packets traverse the firewall for inspection.

Answer

Create a VPC peering connection between the two subnets and attach the firewall.

Answer

Attach the firewall to a single subnet and use it as a default gateway for both subnets.

Answer

Configure AWS security groups to route traffic through the firewall.

Question 20

After upgrading the PAN-OS version on a firewall, the administrator notices that the commit operation takes significantly longer than before. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The upgrade triggered a full commit of the entire configuration, which takes longer than a partial commit.. Option B is correct because after a PAN-OS upgrade, the firewall performs a full commit of the entire configuration, which processes all configuration objects, rules, and policies from scratch. This is inherently slower than a partial commit, which only processes changed objects. The full commit is a standard post-upgrade behavior to ensure configuration consistency with the new code base.

Answer

The firewall's CPU and memory are insufficient for the new PAN-OS version.

Answer

The firewall is performing a backup of the configuration.

Answer

The rulebase has grown too large.

PCNSA Practice Test 1 — 30 Questions

Exhibit

PCNSA Practice Test 1 — 30 Questions

Exhibit