FC0-U71 Software Development Concepts Practice Test 3 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A developer is planning a new project that has very clear and fixed requirements. The project must be completed in a linear fashion with each phase finished before moving to the next. Which development methodology should be used?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Waterfall. The Waterfall methodology is correct because it follows a linear, sequential approach where each phase (e.g., requirements, design, implementation, testing) must be completed before the next begins. This aligns perfectly with the project's very clear and fixed requirements, as Waterfall assumes that all requirements are known upfront and changes are minimized.

Answer

Spiral

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Scrum

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Agile

Question 2

A software tester is verifying that individual functions within a module work correctly in isolation. Which type of testing is being performed?

Accepted Answer

Unit testing. Unit testing focuses on testing individual components or functions in isolation to ensure they work correctly.

Answer

Integration testing

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System testing

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User acceptance testing

Question 3

During a Scrum sprint review, stakeholders request a new feature that was not in the product backlog. The product owner wants to add it to the next sprint. What is the correct action according to Scrum?

Accepted Answer

Add the feature to the product backlog for future prioritization. In Scrum, new work is added to the product backlog and prioritized by the product owner for a future sprint; the current sprint scope is not changed.

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Ask the development team to work overtime to include it

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Reject the request because the sprint is complete

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Add the feature to the current sprint immediately

Question 4

A programmer needs to represent the logic of a program that includes decisions and loops. Which tool is most suitable for visually representing this logic?

Accepted Answer

Flowchart. A flowchart uses symbols like diamonds for decisions and rectangles for processes to visually represent program logic.

Answer

Algorithm

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Data structure

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Pseudocode

Question 5

A developer is working on a new feature and creates a copy of the main codebase to work in isolation. Later, this copy is merged back into the main branch. Which version control concept describes this copy?

Accepted Answer

Branch. Branching creates a separate line of development, allowing isolated work on a feature before merging.

Answer

Merge

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Commit

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Pull request

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the purpose of a REST API?

Accepted Answer

To allow software applications to communicate with each other. A REST API (Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface) is a set of architectural constraints that enables software applications to communicate over HTTP using standard methods like GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE. It allows different systems, often written in different languages, to exchange data in formats such as JSON or XML, making it the correct choice for enabling inter-application communication.

Answer

To compile source code into executable programs

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To create a graphical user interface

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To define a database schema

Question 7

A development team is using a stack data structure to manage function calls. Which of the following correctly describes the order in which items are removed from a stack?

Accepted Answer

Last-In-First-Out (LIFO). A stack follows Last-In-First-Out (LIFO), meaning the most recently added item is removed first.

Answer

Random order

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First-In-First-Out (FIFO)

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Based on priority

Question 8

A team is testing a software application after a bug fix. They want to ensure that the fix did not introduce new bugs in previously working functionality. Which type of testing should they perform?

Accepted Answer

Regression testing. Regression testing verifies that recent changes have not adversely affected existing features.

Answer

User acceptance testing

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Integration testing

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Unit testing

Question 9

In which phase of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) are the system requirements gathered and analyzed?

Accepted Answer

Analysis. The analysis phase focuses on gathering and analyzing requirements to understand what the system must do.

Answer

Implementation

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Design

Answer

Planning

Question 10

A programmer needs to store a collection of key-value pairs where each key is unique and maps to a value. Which data structure is best suited for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

Dictionary. A dictionary (hash map) stores key-value pairs with unique keys for efficient lookup.

Answer

Array

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Stack

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List

Question 11

During debugging, a developer sets a breakpoint and steps through the code line by line. Which debugging tool feature is being used to execute one line of code at a time?

Accepted Answer

Step execution. Step-through execution (or step into/over) allows executing code one line at a time to observe behavior.

Answer

Breakpoint

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Variable inspection

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Logging

Question 12

A company is developing a mobile app and wants to release a minimal set of features quickly, then add more features based on user feedback. Which methodology best supports this approach?

Accepted Answer

Agile. Agile methodology uses iterative development and adapts to changing requirements based on feedback.

Answer

V-Model

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Spiral

Answer

Waterfall

Question 13

A development team is adopting Scrum. Which TWO roles are defined in the Scrum framework? (Select the two correct answers.)

Accepted Answer

Scrum Master. Scrum defines three roles: Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Development Team. The correct two are Product Owner and Scrum Master.

Answer

Business Analyst

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Quality Assurance Lead

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Project Manager

Question 14

A software testing team is planning to verify a new e-commerce application. Which THREE testing types should be performed to ensure comprehensive quality? (Select the three correct answers.)

Accepted Answer

Integration testing. Comprehensive testing includes unit (component level), integration (interactions), and system (end-to-end) testing. UAT is also important but not in the list; regression is also important but here three are needed.

Answer

Smoke testing

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Alpha testing

Question 15

A developer is debugging a program that unexpectedly crashes. Which TWO tools or techniques are commonly used to identify the cause of the crash? (Select the two correct answers.)

Accepted Answer

Breakpoints. Breakpoints allow pausing execution to inspect state, and logging records events to trace execution flow.

Answer

Code compilation

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Refactoring

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Code review