FC0-U71 Practice Test 4 — 25 Questions

Question 1

A user receives an email that appears to be from their bank, asking them to click a link and verify their account details. The user notices the sender's email address is slightly misspelled. Which type of threat is this?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Phishing. Phishing is a social engineering attack where attackers send fraudulent emails to steal sensitive information.

Answer

Rootkit

Answer

Tailgating

Answer

Ransomware

Question 2

Which TWO of the following are types of malware? (Select TWO)

Accepted Answer

Ransomware. Ransomware and spyware are both types of malware. A firewall is a security tool, encryption is a protection method, and phishing is a social engineering attack.

Answer

Firewall

Answer

Encryption

Answer

Phishing

Question 3

A help desk technician receives a call from a user who says their computer is showing a message that files are encrypted and a ransom is demanded. Which TWO types of malware are most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Trojan. Ransomware encrypts files for ransom. It is often delivered via a trojan (disguised as legitimate software) that the user inadvertently runs. The other options are incorrect: adware shows ads, spyware collects info, rootkit hides.

Answer

Spyware

Answer

Adware

Answer

Rootkit

Question 4

A company is implementing a backup strategy. Which of the following best adheres to the 3-2-1 backup rule?

Accepted Answer

Original data on a server, a backup on a NAS in the same building, and a backup in the cloud. The 3-2-1 rule means 3 copies of data, on 2 different media types, with 1 offsite. Option B meets this: 3 copies (original + 2 backups), 2 media (NAS + cloud), 1 offsite (cloud).

Answer

Two backups on tape drives, both stored in the server room

Answer

Original data on a laptop, a backup on a USB drive, and a backup on a second USB drive stored in a safe

Answer

One backup on an external drive stored in the same room as the server

Question 5

Which data structure is best for storing a collection of key-value pairs?

Accepted Answer

Dictionary. A dictionary (also known as a hash map or associative array) is specifically designed to store key-value pairs, allowing efficient insertion, deletion, and lookup based on a unique key. In computing, this structure uses a hash function to compute an index into an array of buckets, enabling average O(1) time complexity for operations, which is ideal for scenarios like caching or configuration settings.

Answer

Queue

Answer

Array

Answer

List

Question 6

A security analyst notices that a user's computer is running slowly and displaying many pop-up ads. Which type of malware is most likely causing this?

Accepted Answer

Adware. Adware displays unwanted advertisements and often causes performance issues. Spyware collects information, ransomware encrypts files, and a rootkit hides itself.

Answer

Spyware

Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Rootkit

Question 7

Which TWO of the following are examples of physical security controls?

Accepted Answer

A security guard at the entrance. Physical security controls protect the physical environment and assets.

Answer

A firewall

Answer

Antivirus software

Answer

An intrusion detection system

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic of a strong password?

Accepted Answer

A password that is at least 12 characters long with a mix of character types. A strong password should be at least 12 characters, include uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and symbols, and should not be reused or shared.

Answer

A short password with only letters

Answer

A password that is easy to remember, like a pet's name

Answer

A password that is the same across multiple accounts

Question 9

A user wants to create a backup of important files stored on a hard drive. Which type of application is most appropriate for this task?

Accepted Answer

File manager. A file manager (such as Windows File Explorer or macOS Finder) is the most appropriate application for creating a backup of important files because it provides direct access to the file system, allowing users to copy, move, and organize files between storage locations. Unlike specialized backup software, a file manager can manually duplicate files to an external drive or cloud-synced folder without additional features like scheduling or compression, but it fully supports the core task of file duplication for backup purposes.

Answer

Word processor

Answer

Antivirus software

Answer

Web browser

Question 10

An organization wants to ensure that employees only have access to the data necessary to perform their job functions. Which principle should be applied?

Accepted Answer

Least privilege. The principle of least privilege grants users only the permissions they need to do their work, minimizing potential damage.

Answer

Defense in depth

Answer

Separation of duties

Answer

Mandatory access control

Question 11

After deploying a new version of a web application, the QA team runs a set of test cases that were previously executed on the old version to ensure that existing functionality still works correctly. This testing is performed to detect any unintended side effects of the changes. What type of testing is this?

Accepted Answer

Regression testing. Regression testing verifies that new code changes do not break existing functionality.

Answer

Integration testing

Answer

Smoke testing

Answer

Acceptance testing

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct file extension for a macOS installer package?

Accepted Answer

.pkg. .pkg is the standard macOS installer package format.

Answer

.msi

Answer

.exe

Answer

.dmg

Question 13

A technician is configuring a small office network with 15 computers. The computers need to share files and a printer. The technician decides to use a topology where each computer is connected to a central device. Which physical topology is being implemented?

Accepted Answer

Star. The star topology connects each computer directly to a central device, such as a switch or hub. This allows all 15 computers to share files and a printer through the central device, making it the correct choice for the described small office network.

Answer

Ring

Answer

Mesh

Answer

Bus

Question 14

Which of the following file attributes on a Windows system would prevent a user from accidentally modifying a document when set?

Accepted Answer

Read-only. The read-only attribute in Windows prevents a file from being modified or deleted (though it can be overridden by the user). Hidden hides the file, system marks it as a system file, and archive is used for backup.

Answer

Hidden

Answer

System

Answer

Archive

Question 15

A software engineer is debugging a program and needs to identify potential issues. Which THREE tools or techniques are commonly used in debugging? (Select THREE.)

Accepted Answer

Log files. Breakpoints pause execution to inspect state, step-through executes line by line, and log files record events. Source code is not a tool, compilation is a build step.

Answer

Compiler

Answer

Source code editor

Question 16

Refer to the exhibit. A user can ping 192.168.1.1 but cannot ping 8.8.8.8. What is most likely the issue?

Accepted Answer

The default gateway is not forwarding traffic to external networks. The user can ping the local gateway (192.168.1.1), which confirms that the local IP configuration, subnet mask, and ARP resolution are working correctly. However, the inability to ping 8.8.8.8 (a public IP) indicates that traffic is not being routed beyond the local subnet. The most likely cause is that the default gateway is either misconfigured, down, or not performing IP forwarding to external networks, as the gateway is the router responsible for forwarding packets destined outside the local network.

Answer

IP address is invalid

Answer

Subnet mask is incorrect

Answer

DNS server is not configured

Question 17

A company is planning to adopt cloud computing. Which THREE of the following are benefits of using cloud services compared to on-premises infrastructure? (Select THREE).

Accepted Answer

Reduced need for hardware maintenance. Cloud benefits include on-demand resource provisioning (scalability), pay-as-you-go (reduced upfront cost), and reduced maintenance. Guaranteed uptime is not absolute (though SLAs exist), and full control is less in cloud.

Answer

Full control over physical security

Answer

Guaranteed 100% uptime

Question 18

Refer to the exhibit. A user reports that they cannot access the internet. Based on the output, which of the following is the MOST likely issue?

Accepted Answer

The router at 192.168.1.1 is down. The default gateway 192.168.1.1 is unreachable, as shown by the 100% packet loss in the ping output. Without a functional gateway, traffic cannot be routed from the local subnet to external networks, so internet access fails even if the local IP configuration is valid.

Answer

The subnet mask is incorrect

Answer

The IP address is invalid

Answer

The DNS suffix is missing

Question 19

Refer to the exhibit. A user cannot access the internet. What does this output indicate?

Accepted Answer

The default gateway cannot reach the remote network. The output shows a successful ping to the default gateway (192.168.1.1) but a failed ping to a remote IP (8.8.8.8). This indicates that the user's local network connectivity is intact, but the default gateway cannot forward traffic to the remote network, likely due to a missing or incorrect route on the gateway or an upstream connectivity issue.

Answer

The user's IP address is invalid

Answer

The DNS server is down

Answer

The local network cable is unplugged

Question 20

Based on the exhibit, which device is directly responsible for separating traffic into VLAN10 and VLAN20?

Accepted Answer

Switch. The switch is directly responsible for separating traffic into VLAN10 and VLAN20 because VLANs are configured at Layer 2 on a switch, using VLAN tagging (IEEE 802.1Q) to isolate broadcast domains. The switch assigns each port to a specific VLAN, ensuring that frames from VLAN10 are not forwarded to VLAN20 ports without a Layer 3 device.

Answer

Firewall

Answer

Internet

Answer

Router