FC0-U71 Practice Test 3 — 25 Questions

Question 1

A developer is debugging a program that is producing incorrect output. Which of the following are common debugging techniques? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Using a debugger. Using a debugger (A) is a core debugging technique because it lets the developer set breakpoints, step through execution line by line, inspect variables and the call stack, and observe the program's state at the exact point where output diverges from expectations. Code review (B) is also a common debugging technique: a careful reading of the source, often by a second developer, can reveal logic errors, off-by-one mistakes, incorrect conditionals, or misuse of APIs that cause incorrect output. Adding print statements (C) is a classic and widely used technique, inserting temporary logging at key points to trace variable values and control flow and thereby localize the faulty logic. Reinstalling the operating system (D) is not a debugging technique for a program producing wrong output; it is a drastic system-recovery action that would not address a logic or coding defect. Changing the program requirements (E) is not debugging either, since debugging means finding and fixing the defect in the code, not redefining what the program is supposed to do.

Answer

Reinstalling the operating system

Answer

Changing the program requirements

Question 2

An organization is implementing a new payroll system. Before final deployment, a group of actual payroll employees test the system to ensure it meets their business needs and processes payroll correctly. Which testing phase is this?

Accepted Answer

User acceptance testing. User acceptance testing (UAT) is the phase where actual end users—in this case, payroll employees—validate that the system meets real business requirements and performs its intended function (processing payroll correctly) before going live. Because the testers are the people who will actually use the system in production, their validation confirms fitness for purpose rather than just technical correctness.

Answer

Unit testing

Answer

System testing

Answer

Integration testing

Question 3

Based on the exhibit, what is the most likely cause of the error?

Accepted Answer

Disk error. The exhibit shows a 'Disk Boot Failure' or similar error, which indicates the system cannot find a valid boot sector on the hard drive. This is most commonly caused by a disk error, such as a corrupted master boot record (MBR), bad sectors, or a disconnected data cable. Option D is correct because the error message directly points to a storage device issue, not a network, power, or memory problem.

Answer

Network outage

Answer

Power supply failure

Answer

Bad memory stick

Question 4

A technician needs to identify a network interface on a device. Which notational system is most commonly associated with MAC addresses?

Accepted Answer

Hexadecimal. MAC addresses are 48-bit identifiers typically written as six groups of two hexadecimal digits separated by colons or hyphens (e.g., 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E). Hexadecimal is the notational system most commonly associated with MAC addresses because each byte maps cleanly to two hex digits, making the address compact and readable. This is why network tools, ipconfig/ifconfig output, and switch ARP tables all display MAC addresses in hex.

Answer

Binary

Answer

Octal

Answer

Decimal

Question 5

A developer is creating a cloud-based application that needs to authenticate third-party services before allowing access to its API. The developer decides to use a method where each third-party service receives a unique key that must be included in each API request. This method is known as:

Accepted Answer

API key authentication. API key authentication issues a unique key to each third-party service, which is then included in every API request (typically in a header or query string) so the server can identify and authorize the caller. This matches the scenario exactly: unique keys per consumer, presented on each request. It is a lightweight, stateless credential mechanism distinct from user-session or delegated-authorization models.

Answer

Session-based authentication

Answer

Basic authentication

Answer

OAuth

Question 6

A small business has a single server running Windows Server 2019 that acts as a domain controller, file server, and DHCP server. The server has a single network interface with IP address 192.168.1.10/24. The office has 30 client computers running Windows 10. All clients obtain IP addresses automatically. The network uses a single unmanaged switch. The internet connection is provided by a cable modem with IP 192.168.1.1. The server is configured with a static IP of 192.168.1.10, and the DHCP scope is 192.168.1.100-192.168.1.200. Recently, users have reported that they cannot access the internet. The technician checks that the cable modem is online and that the server can ping the modem. The technician runs 'ipconfig /all' on a client and sees: IP: 192.168.1.101, Subnet: 255.255.255.0, Default Gateway: 192.168.1.10, DNS: 192.168.1.10. The client can ping the server (192.168.1.10) but cannot ping the modem (192.168.1.1). What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Change the DHCP scope option for the default gateway to 192.168.1.1. The DHCP scope is configured with the default gateway option set to 192.168.1.10 (the server's IP), but the actual default gateway for internet access is the cable modem at 192.168.1.1. Since clients receive their gateway via DHCP, they are sending all off-subnet traffic to the server, which is not configured to route to the internet. Changing the DHCP scope option for the default gateway to 192.168.1.1 will allow clients to route internet traffic through the modem.

Answer

Disable the Windows Firewall on the server to allow traffic

Answer

Replace the cable modem as it is not routing traffic correctly

Answer

Configure the DNS server to forward queries to 8.8.8.8

Question 7

A computer has 8 GB of RAM. If the operating system and applications are using 3.2 GB, how much RAM is available for other processes?

Accepted Answer

4.8 GB. Available RAM is total RAM minus RAM in use: 8 GB − 3.2 GB = 4.8 GB. This is a straightforward subtraction problem testing basic memory capacity arithmetic.

Answer

11.2 GB

Answer

5.8 GB

Answer

3.2 GB

Question 8

Which coding best practice improves code readability and maintainability?

Accepted Answer

Using meaningful variable names. Using meaningful variable names (option B) is a core coding best practice because it makes the code self-documenting, allowing other developers (or the original author after time) to quickly understand the purpose of each variable without needing extensive comments. This directly improves both readability and maintainability, as changes can be made with lower risk of misinterpretation. In contrast, practices like using global variables or hard-coding values obscure logic and create dependencies that are difficult to manage.

Answer

Using global variables for all data

Answer

Hard-coding values whenever possible

Answer

Writing long, single functions

Question 9

During a sprint retrospective, the team identifies that too many bugs are being discovered late in the development cycle. They decide to introduce a practice where developers write tests for individual functions before coding the functions themselves. This approach is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Unit testing. Writing tests for individual functions before writing the functions themselves is the definition of unit testing, and doing so before coding is specifically test-driven development (TDD). Unit tests isolate the smallest testable pieces of code (functions, methods) to verify correctness. This matches the scenario's focus on individual functions and early bug detection.

Answer

User acceptance testing

Answer

Integration testing

Answer

System testing

Question 10

A developer is working on a collaborative software project and uses Git for version control. The developer creates a new feature on a separate branch. After completing the feature, what is the typical next step to integrate the changes into the main branch?

Accepted Answer

Merge the feature branch into the main branch. After completing work on a feature branch, the typical next step is to merge the feature branch into the main branch to integrate the changes. This is the standard Git workflow: create a branch, commit changes, then merge back into the mainline (often via a pull request). Merging combines the histories and brings the feature into the main branch.

Answer

Commit the changes directly to the main branch

Answer

Delete the feature branch without merging

Answer

Push the branch to the remote repository

Question 11

A company wants to protect against data loss if a single hard drive fails. They have three identical drives. Which RAID configuration provides fault tolerance while maximizing storage capacity?

Accepted Answer

RAID 5. RAID 5 uses block-level striping with distributed parity, so if one of the three drives fails, the data can be rebuilt from the remaining drives plus the parity information. With three drives, RAID 5 provides fault tolerance for a single drive failure while using only one drive's worth of capacity for parity, maximizing usable storage (2/3 of total raw capacity).

Answer

RAID 0

Answer

JBOD

Answer

RAID 1

Question 12

A developer writes the following pseudocode for a process that finds the largest number in a list:

SET max = first element
FOR each number in list
   IF number > max THEN
      SET max = number
   END IF
ENDFOR
OUTPUT max

What programming concept does this pseudocode represent?

Accepted Answer

Algorithm. The pseudocode describes a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem — finding the maximum value in a list — which is the definition of an algorithm. It specifies a finite sequence of operations (initialize max, iterate, compare, update) that transforms input into output. This is a classic linear-search maximum algorithm with O(n) time complexity.

Answer

API

Answer

Data structure

Answer

Flowchart

Question 13

A small real estate office with 12 employees has been using the same network setup for five years. Employees use both company-issued laptops and personal smartphones to access email and client listings. Last week, an employee clicked a link in a phishing email, which led to a ransomware infection on the company file server. The server was encrypted, and the attackers demanded a ransom. The office had no backups; all client data and contracts were lost. The office manager wants to prevent such incidents in the future. Which of the following should be the FIRST security measure implemented, considering the root cause of the breach?

Accepted Answer

Mandate security awareness training for all employees, focusing on phishing identification. The root cause was a phishing email that tricked an employee. While technical controls like antivirus (A), next-generation firewall (B), and full-disk encryption (C) are valuable, they do not address the human factor. Security awareness training (D) educates users to recognize phishing attempts, reducing the likelihood of similar incidents. Without training, other controls can be bypassed. Option D is the most direct and effective first step.

Answer

Install antivirus software on all company laptops and personal devices

Answer

Deploy a next-generation firewall with intrusion prevention

Answer

Enable full-disk encryption on all company laptops

Question 14

A user is working on a presentation for a client meeting. The user has been using Microsoft PowerPoint and has completed the slides. The user now needs to create handouts for the audience so they can follow along. The handouts should show the slides with space for notes. Which of the following is the BEST way to create these handouts?

Accepted Answer

Use PowerPoint's handout feature to print slides with note lines.. PowerPoint's handout feature is specifically designed to create printed handouts that include slide thumbnails and adjacent note lines for audience notes. This built-in functionality (File > Print > Handouts) allows you to select the number of slides per page and automatically adds ruled lines for note-taking, making it the most efficient and correct method for this task.

Answer

Print the presentation with full-page slides.

Answer

Manually copy each slide into a word processing document.

Answer

Take screenshots of each slide and arrange them in a document.

Question 15

A database administrator is designing a normalized database for an e-commerce site. Which TWO actions represent best practices for normalization?

Accepted Answer

Removing duplicate data from tables by creating separate tables for each entity. Option C is correct because normalization's core goal is eliminating redundant data by decomposing entities into their own tables, which reduces update, insert, and delete anomalies. Option D is correct because splitting customer data into a Customers table and an Orders table and linking them with a foreign key enforces referential integrity and models the one-to-many relationship properly, which is a standard normalization practice (e.g., achieving 2NF/3NF). Option A is wrong because creating separate order tables without linking them destroys the relationships between customers and orders and prevents meaningful queries. Option B is wrong because storing product details as a list in a single column violates first normal form (atomic values) and makes querying and updating impractical. Option E is wrong because storing calculated totals in the same table introduces derived/redundant data that can become inconsistent, and normalization typically avoids persisting computed values.

Answer

Creating separate tables for each customer order without linking them

Answer

Storing all product details in a single column as a list

Answer

Storing calculated totals in the same table to avoid joins

Question 16

A user receives an error message indicating 'insufficient memory' when opening several applications. Which action will most likely resolve the issue?

Accepted Answer

Install more RAM. The error message 'insufficient memory' indicates that the system has exhausted its physical RAM capacity while trying to load multiple applications. Installing more RAM directly increases the amount of physical memory available, allowing the operating system to keep more application data in memory without resorting to slower paging. This is the most effective long-term solution for resolving memory exhaustion caused by running several applications simultaneously.

Answer

Clear the browser cache

Answer

Increase virtual memory

Answer

Defragment the hard drive

Question 17

A development team is using a stack data structure to manage function calls. Which of the following correctly describes the order in which items are removed from a stack?

Accepted Answer

Last-In-First-Out (LIFO). A stack is a Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) data structure: the most recently pushed element is the first one popped. This matches how function call stacks work — the most recent function call returns first. The scenario explicitly references managing function calls, which is the canonical LIFO use case.

Answer

Random order

Answer

First-In-First-Out (FIFO)

Answer

Based on priority

Question 18

A company has two office buildings 1.5 km apart and needs to connect their networks with a high-speed, reliable link. Which cabling type is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Fiber optic. Fiber optic cabling is the most appropriate choice for connecting two office buildings 1.5 km apart because it supports high-speed data transmission over long distances (up to several kilometers) with minimal signal loss and immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Unlike copper-based cables, fiber optic uses light pulses to transmit data, making it ideal for reliable, high-bandwidth links between separate buildings.

Answer

Cat6a

Answer

Coaxial

Answer

Cat5e

Question 19

A company wants to deploy a new wireless network in its office. The network must support high device density and minimize interference from neighboring networks. Which Wi-Fi standard and frequency band combination is most suitable?

Accepted Answer

802.11ax on 5GHz. 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6) on 5GHz (C) is the best choice because Wi-Fi 6 introduces OFDMA, MU-MIMO, and BSS Coloring, which improve spectral efficiency and reduce interference in high-density environments. The 5GHz band offers more non-overlapping channels and less interference than 2.4GHz, making it ideal for dense office deployments.

Answer

802.11n on 5GHz

Answer

802.11ax on 2.4GHz

Answer

802.11ac on 2.4GHz

Question 20

A technician is converting the decimal number 255 to binary. Which binary value is correct?

Accepted Answer

11111111. 255 in binary is 11111111 (eight 1s).

Answer

10000000

Answer

11111110

Answer

1111111