FC0-U71 Software Development Concepts Practice Test 2 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A development team is building a new mobile app. The project has a fixed budget and scope, and the requirements are well-understood from the start. Which software development methodology would be most appropriate for this project?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Waterfall. The waterfall methodology is best for projects with fixed scope and well-understood requirements because it follows sequential phases and is not designed to handle changes easily.

Answer

Spiral

Answer

Scrum

Answer

Agile

Question 2

A developer writes the following pseudocode for a process that finds the largest number in a list:

SET max = first element
FOR each number in list
   IF number > max THEN
      SET max = number
   END IF
ENDFOR
OUTPUT max

What programming concept does this pseudocode represent?

Accepted Answer

Algorithm. An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure to solve a problem. This pseudocode describes a specific algorithm (finding the maximum).

Answer

API

Answer

Data structure

Answer

Flowchart

Question 3

A software company uses a development model where work is divided into 2-week sprints. Each sprint begins with a planning meeting, includes daily standups, and ends with a review and retrospective. A product owner prioritizes features, and a scrum master facilitates the process. Which methodology is being used?

Accepted Answer

Scrum. Scrum is an agile framework that uses sprints, daily standups, sprint reviews, and specific roles (product owner, scrum master, development team).

Answer

Kanban

Answer

Waterfall

Answer

Extreme Programming (XP)

Question 4

During a sprint retrospective, the team identifies that too many bugs are being discovered late in the development cycle. They decide to introduce a practice where developers write tests for individual functions before coding the functions themselves. This approach is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Unit testing. Unit testing involves testing individual components in isolation. Writing tests before code is a common practice in test-driven development, which relies on unit tests.

Answer

User acceptance testing

Answer

Integration testing

Answer

System testing

Question 5

A developer writes code to store a collection of employee names in a structure that allows adding names at the end and removing names from the front, following a first-in-first-out (FIFO) order. Which data structure is the developer implementing?

Accepted Answer

Queue. A queue follows FIFO order: elements are added at the rear and removed from the front.

Answer

Tree

Answer

Array

Answer

Stack

Question 6

A developer needs to visually represent the logic of a program, including decisions (yes/no branches) and processes. Which tool should the developer use?

Accepted Answer

Flowchart. Flowcharts use shapes like diamonds for decisions and rectangles for processes, providing a visual representation of program logic.

Answer

Data dictionary

Answer

Algorithm

Answer

Pseudocode

Question 7

A company's IT department is deploying a new payroll system. Before the system goes live, a group of employees from the accounting department test the system to ensure it meets their requirements and is usable. This type of testing is known as:

Accepted Answer

User acceptance testing. User acceptance testing (UAT) is performed by end users to validate that the system meets their needs and is ready for production.

Answer

System testing

Answer

Unit testing

Answer

Integration testing

Question 8

A team of developers is working on a large project with multiple features. They use a version control system. One developer creates a new branch to develop a feature, while other developers continue working on the main branch. After completing the feature, the developer wants to combine the changes from the feature branch back into the main branch. What version control operation should be performed?

Accepted Answer

Merge. The correct operation is 'Merge' (D), which combines the changes from the feature branch into the main branch. In Git, merging integrates the commit history of two branches, preserving the feature's work while incorporating it into the target branch. This is the standard workflow for bringing a completed feature back into the main line of development.

Answer

Pull request

Answer

Fork

Answer

Commit

Question 9

A mobile app needs to display weather data from an online service. The app sends HTTP requests and receives responses in JSON format. This communication is made possible by a set of rules and protocols that allow the app and the service to interact. This set of rules is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

API. An API (Application Programming Interface) defines how software components should interact, often using HTTP and JSON.

Answer

Data structure

Answer

SDLC

Answer

Algorithm

Question 10

A developer is trying to find why a program is producing incorrect output. The developer runs the program with a debugging tool, sets a breakpoint at a specific line, and examines the values of variables at that point. Which debugging technique is being used?

Accepted Answer

Breakpoint inspection. The developer is using breakpoint inspection, a debugging technique where execution is paused at a specific line of code (the breakpoint) to examine variable values at that exact moment. This allows the developer to inspect the program's state without stepping through each subsequent line, directly identifying why incorrect output occurs.

Answer

Code review

Answer

Step-through execution

Answer

Logging

Question 11

A software development team is in the process of gathering requirements from stakeholders, identifying project scope, and creating a project plan. After this phase, they will move to analyzing requirements in detail. In which phase of the SDLC is the team currently working?

Accepted Answer

Planning. The team is gathering requirements, identifying scope, and creating a project plan, which are all activities of the Planning phase in the SDLC. The Analysis phase follows Planning and involves detailed requirement analysis, not the initial gathering and scoping. Therefore, option D is correct.

Answer

Analysis

Answer

Design

Answer

Implementation

Question 12

A developer is creating a cloud-based application that needs to authenticate third-party services before allowing access to its API. The developer decides to use a method where each third-party service receives a unique key that must be included in each API request. This method is known as:

Accepted Answer

API key authentication. API key authentication is a common method where a unique key is passed with each request to identify and authenticate the caller.

Answer

Session-based authentication

Answer

Basic authentication

Answer

OAuth

Question 13

A software team is adopting agile practices. They want to ensure they incorporate feedback early and often. Which TWO of the following are key events in the Scrum framework that provide opportunities for feedback and inspection?

Accepted Answer

Sprint retrospective. Sprint review is where the team demonstrates work to stakeholders and gathers feedback. Sprint retrospective is where the team inspects its own process and plans improvements. Both are Scrum events.

Answer

Daily scrum

Answer

Product backlog grooming

Answer

Sprint planning

Question 14

A development team is working on a critical update to an e-commerce website. After deploying the update, they must ensure that existing features (like login and search) still work correctly. Additionally, they want to test the new checkout flow end-to-end. Which TWO types of testing should the team perform?

Accepted Answer

Regression testing. Regression testing (C) is correct because it verifies that existing features like login and search still work after deploying the update, ensuring no new defects were introduced. System testing (D) is correct because it validates the entire integrated system, including the new checkout flow end-to-end, against the specified requirements.

Answer

Unit testing

Answer

Integration testing

Answer

User acceptance testing

Question 15

A junior developer is learning about data structures. The developer needs to choose a data structure for the following scenarios:
- Storing a list of items where order matters and items can be accessed by index.
- Storing key-value pairs for fast lookups.
Which TWO data structures should the developer consider?

Accepted Answer

Dictionary. An array (or list) allows indexed access and maintains order. A dictionary (hash map) allows fast key-based lookups.

Answer

Tree

Answer

Stack

Answer

Queue