Software Development

A software development team follows a methodology where work is divided into fixed sequential phases: requirements, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance. Changes to requirements are difficult once a phase is completed. Which development methodology is being used?

A product manager creates a list of user stories for a new feature. The development team estimates effort for each story and selects a set to complete in a two-week iteration. Daily standup meetings are held to discuss progress. At the end of the iteration, the team demonstrates working software to stakeholders. Which development framework is being used?

A developer writes a set of instructions to sort an array of numbers in ascending order. The instructions include steps like 'compare first two numbers, swap if out of order, move to next pair, repeat until no swaps are needed.' This step-by-step procedure is known as a(n):

A developer needs to represent the logic of a program that decides whether a user is eligible for a discount. The process includes conditions (e.g., 'is member?') and actions (e.g., 'apply 10% discount'). Which tool would best visually represent this logic using standardized symbols like diamonds for decisions and rectangles for processes?

A developer needs to store a collection of student names and their corresponding grades. The data should be accessed quickly by student name. Which data structure is most appropriate?

A software tester writes tests to verify that individual functions in a module return correct results when given specific inputs. These tests are isolated from other parts of the system. Which type of testing is being performed?

After deploying a new version of a web application, the QA team runs a set of test cases that were previously executed on the old version to ensure that existing functionality still works correctly. This testing is performed to detect any unintended side effects of the changes. What type of testing is this?

A project team is in the phase where they gather business requirements, define project scope, and create a project plan. This phase occurs before any design or coding begins. Which SDLC phase is being described?

A developer creates a new branch in a version control system to work on a new feature. After completing the feature, the developer wants to combine the changes from the feature branch back into the main branch. What is this process called?

A mobile app developer wants to integrate weather data into an app. The developer uses an HTTP request to a web service that returns JSON data. The web service requires an API key in the request header for authentication. What is this web service an example of?

A developer is debugging a program that produces incorrect output. The developer sets a breakpoint on a specific line of code and runs the program in a debugger. When execution stops at the breakpoint, the developer examines the values of variables at that point. What debugging technique is being used?

In a Scrum team, who is responsible for prioritizing the product backlog and ensuring that the team works on the most valuable features first?

A software development team is adopting agile practices. Which TWO of the following are common characteristics of agile methodologies? (Select TWO.)

A developer is writing pseudocode for a program that calculates the average of a list of numbers. Which THREE of the following are valid components that would likely appear in the pseudocode? (Select THREE.)

During the SDLC, testing is performed at different levels. Which TWO of the following are recognized levels of testing? (Select TWO.)

A development team is building a new mobile app. The project has a fixed budget and scope, and the requirements are well-understood from the start. Which software development methodology would be most appropriate for this project?

A developer writes the following pseudocode for a process that finds the largest number in a list: SET max = first element FOR each number in list IF number > max THEN SET max = number END IF ENDFOR OUTPUT max What programming concept does this pseudocode represent?

A software company uses a development model where work is divided into 2-week sprints. Each sprint begins with a planning meeting, includes daily standups, and ends with a review and retrospective. A product owner prioritizes features, and a scrum master facilitates the process. Which methodology is being used?

During a sprint retrospective, the team identifies that too many bugs are being discovered late in the development cycle. They decide to introduce a practice where developers write tests for individual functions before coding the functions themselves. This approach is an example of:

A developer writes code to store a collection of employee names in a structure that allows adding names at the end and removing names from the front, following a first-in-first-out (FIFO) order. Which data structure is the developer implementing?

A developer needs to visually represent the logic of a program, including decisions (yes/no branches) and processes. Which tool should the developer use?

A company's IT department is deploying a new payroll system. Before the system goes live, a group of employees from the accounting department test the system to ensure it meets their requirements and is usable. This type of testing is known as:

A team of developers is working on a large project with multiple features. They use a version control system. One developer creates a new branch to develop a feature, while other developers continue working on the main branch. After completing the feature, the developer wants to combine the changes from the feature branch back into the main branch. What version control operation should be performed?

A mobile app needs to display weather data from an online service. The app sends HTTP requests and receives responses in JSON format. This communication is made possible by a set of rules and protocols that allow the app and the service to interact. This set of rules is called a(n):

A developer is trying to find why a program is producing incorrect output. The developer runs the program with a debugging tool, sets a breakpoint at a specific line, and examines the values of variables at that point. Which debugging technique is being used?

A software development team is in the process of gathering requirements from stakeholders, identifying project scope, and creating a project plan. After this phase, they will move to analyzing requirements in detail. In which phase of the SDLC is the team currently working?

A developer is creating a cloud-based application that needs to authenticate third-party services before allowing access to its API. The developer decides to use a method where each third-party service receives a unique key that must be included in each API request. This method is known as:

A software team is adopting agile practices. They want to ensure they incorporate feedback early and often. Which TWO of the following are key events in the Scrum framework that provide opportunities for feedback and inspection?

A development team is working on a critical update to an e-commerce website. After deploying the update, they must ensure that existing features (like login and search) still work correctly. Additionally, they want to test the new checkout flow end-to-end. Which TWO types of testing should the team perform?

A junior developer is learning about data structures. The developer needs to choose a data structure for the following scenarios: - Storing a list of items where order matters and items can be accessed by index. - Storing key-value pairs for fast lookups. Which TWO data structures should the developer consider?

A developer is planning a new project that has very clear and fixed requirements. The project must be completed in a linear fashion with each phase finished before moving to the next. Which development methodology should be used?

A software tester is verifying that individual functions within a module work correctly in isolation. Which type of testing is being performed?

During a Scrum sprint review, stakeholders request a new feature that was not in the product backlog. The product owner wants to add it to the next sprint. What is the correct action according to Scrum?

A programmer needs to represent the logic of a program that includes decisions and loops. Which tool is most suitable for visually representing this logic?

A developer is working on a new feature and creates a copy of the main codebase to work in isolation. Later, this copy is merged back into the main branch. Which version control concept describes this copy?

Which of the following best describes the purpose of a REST API?

A development team is using a stack data structure to manage function calls. Which of the following correctly describes the order in which items are removed from a stack?

A team is testing a software application after a bug fix. They want to ensure that the fix did not introduce new bugs in previously working functionality. Which type of testing should they perform?

In which phase of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) are the system requirements gathered and analyzed?

A programmer needs to store a collection of key-value pairs where each key is unique and maps to a value. Which data structure is best suited for this purpose?

During debugging, a developer sets a breakpoint and steps through the code line by line. Which debugging tool feature is being used to execute one line of code at a time?

A company is developing a mobile app and wants to release a minimal set of features quickly, then add more features based on user feedback. Which methodology best supports this approach?

A development team is adopting Scrum. Which TWO roles are defined in the Scrum framework? (Select the two correct answers.)

A software testing team is planning to verify a new e-commerce application. Which THREE testing types should be performed to ensure comprehensive quality? (Select the three correct answers.)

A developer is debugging a program that unexpectedly crashes. Which TWO tools or techniques are commonly used to identify the cause of the crash? (Select the two correct answers.)

A software development team is working on a project with fixed requirements and a strict deadline. The project manager decides to use a methodology where each phase must be completed before moving to the next. Which development methodology is being used?

A developer is writing a program that stores a collection of unique student IDs. The program needs to quickly look up a student by ID and does not require the IDs to be stored in any particular order. Which data structure is most appropriate for this task?

A testing team is verifying a new version of an e-commerce website. They run a set of pre-existing test cases to ensure that recent changes have not broken any previously working functionality. What type of testing is this?

A software development team is using Scrum. During a sprint, the product owner introduces a new high-priority requirement that was not in the sprint backlog. The team has already committed to the current sprint's goals. According to Scrum principles, what should the team do?

A developer wants to represent the logic of a program before writing code. The diagram should show decisions with diamond shapes and processes with rectangles. Which representation is the developer creating?

An organization is implementing a new payroll system. Before final deployment, a group of actual payroll employees test the system to ensure it meets their business needs and processes payroll correctly. Which testing phase is this?

A web developer is creating a weather application that retrieves data from a third-party service. The service requires an identifier to track usage and authenticate requests. The developer includes this identifier in the HTTP header of each request. What is this identifier called?

A programmer writes a step-by-step description of a solution in plain English without using any specific programming language syntax. What is this description called?

A development team is using an agile methodology. Which TWO of the following are typical practices in agile development?

A software company is using version control for a project. A developer has completed work on a new feature in a separate branch and wants to merge it into the main branch. What TWO steps should typically occur before the merge is accepted?

A developer is debugging a program that crashes with an error. Which THREE of the following are common debugging techniques?

Which TWO of the following are core phases of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?

A REST API is used by a mobile app to retrieve data. The API returns responses in a specific format. Which THREE of the following are typical characteristics of a REST API?

A quality assurance team is executing system testing on a new banking application. They need to verify that the entire application works correctly from start to finish. Which THREE of the following testing types would be included in system testing?