Term 601
Numbered ACL
A numbered ACL is an access control list on a router or firewall that uses a number to identify the list and define rules for permitting or denying traffic based on source and destination IP addresses, ports, and protocols.
Acronym study
Terms 601–630 of 1001 Cloud Digital Leader acronyms and key terms. Each entry includes a plain-English definition and a link to the full 800-word glossary page with exam context and practice questions.
Term 601
A numbered ACL is an access control list on a router or firewall that uses a number to identify the list and define rules for permitting or denying traffic based on source and destination IP addresses, ports, and protocols.
Term 602
OAuth abuse is the exploitation of the OAuth authorization framework by attackers to gain unauthorized access to user data or systems by manipulating tokens, redirects, or consent processes.
Term 603
OIDC federation is a method that lets users log into multiple applications or services using a single identity from a trusted provider, based on the OpenID Connect protocol.
Term 604
OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) is a computing approach that enables users to quickly and interactively analyze multidimensional data from multiple perspectives for business intelligence and decision support.
Term 605
OLTP (Online Transaction Processing) is a data processing system designed to manage and record high volumes of real-time transactions, such as bank deposits or online purchases, quickly and reliably.
Term 606
An On-Demand Instance is a virtual server you can rent by the hour or second with no long-term commitment, paying only for what you use.
Term 607
A one-time password is a temporary, single-use code that authenticates a user for one login session or transaction.
Term 608
OpenSSH is a suite of tools that lets you securely connect to and manage remote computers over an unsecured network like the internet.
Term 609
Operational excellence is the ability to run systems reliably, efficiently, and securely while constantly improving processes and responding to changes.
Term 610
Operational intelligence is the real-time analysis of IT system data to detect patterns, anomalies, and threats as they happen, enabling immediate action to protect systems and maintain performance.
Term 611
Operational Technology (OT) refers to the hardware and software systems that monitor, control, and manage physical devices, processes, and infrastructure in industries like manufacturing, energy, and utilities.
Term 612
Operational Expenditure (OpEx) is the ongoing cost for running a business, like paying for cloud services monthly instead of buying hardware upfront.
Term 613
An Organization is a top-level container in Google Cloud that represents your company or entities and serves as the root node for all your cloud resources, policies, and access control.
Term 614
Origin access control is a security mechanism that restricts access to a network, system, or resource based on the verified identity or attributes of the requesting entity.
Term 615
OSINT (Open Source Intelligence) is the practice of collecting and analyzing publicly available information from free or commercially available sources to support intelligence gathering, cybersecurity assessments, and penetration testing.
Term 616
Operational Technology (OT) is hardware and software that monitors and controls physical devices, processes, and infrastructure in industrial environments.
Term 617
An Outbound ACL is a set of rules applied to traffic leaving a network interface that decides which packets are allowed to exit and which are blocked.
Term 618
AWS Outposts is a fully managed service that extends AWS infrastructure, services, and tools to virtually any on-premises data center or co-location space for a truly consistent hybrid cloud experience.
Term 619
An Outside global address is the publicly routable IP address assigned to a device on the external network (usually the internet) as seen from the perspective of a network device performing Network Address Translation (NAT).
Term 620
Outside local is the IP address that a device on the inside of a private network appears to have from the perspective of hosts located outside the network, typically after Network Address Translation (NAT) has been applied.
Term 621
Overfitting occurs when a machine learning model learns the training data too well, including its noise and outliers, causing it to perform poorly on new, unseen data.
Term 622
The OWASP Top 10 is a regularly updated list of the most critical security risks to web applications, published by the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) to help developers and security professionals prioritize and mitigate common vulnerabilities.
Term 623
Platform as a Service (PaaS) is a cloud computing model that provides a managed platform for developers to build, run, and manage applications without dealing with the underlying infrastructure.
Term 624
Packet capture is the process of intercepting and recording data packets traveling over a computer network for analysis.
Term 625
Passive reconnaissance is the process of gathering information about a target system or network without directly interacting with it, using publicly available sources and stealthy observation.
Term 626
A password manager is a software application that securely stores and manages login credentials, allowing users to generate, retrieve, and autofill complex passwords without needing to remember each one.
Term 627
A set of rules designed to enhance computer security by encouraging users to create strong, secure passwords and store them properly.
Term 628
Passwordless authentication is a method of verifying a user's identity without requiring them to enter a password, using alternative factors like biometrics, hardware tokens, or one-time codes.
Term 629
PAT (Port Address Translation) is a method of network address translation that maps multiple private IP addresses to a single public IP address by using different port numbers for each connection.
Term 630
Patch management is the process of identifying, acquiring, testing, and deploying software updates (patches) to fix vulnerabilities, bugs, or improve performance in IT systems.