Term 421
IaaS
IaaS stands for Infrastructure as a Service, which means renting virtual computing resources like servers, storage, and networking from a cloud provider instead of buying and managing physical hardware yourself.
Acronym study
Terms 421–450 of 1001 Cloud Digital Leader acronyms and key terms. Each entry includes a plain-English definition and a link to the full 800-word glossary page with exam context and practice questions.
Term 421
IaaS stands for Infrastructure as a Service, which means renting virtual computing resources like servers, storage, and networking from a cloud provider instead of buying and managing physical hardware yourself.
Term 422
Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a framework of policies and technologies that ensures the right individuals have the appropriate access to technology resources.
Term 423
An IAM binding is a collection of members (users, groups, or service accounts) assigned to a single role within a Google Cloud resource policy, defining who has what permissions.
Term 424
An IAM group is a collection of IAM users in a cloud or identity system that simplifies permission management by allowing you to assign policies to multiple users at once.
Term 425
An IAM misconfiguration occurs when identity and access management settings are incorrectly set, granting too many or too few permissions to users or services, which can lead to security breaches or operational failures.
Term 426
An IAM policy is a set of rules that determines who can access specific cloud resources and what actions they are allowed to perform.
Term 427
An IAM role is a set of permissions that an entity can assume temporarily to access cloud resources securely.
Term 428
An IAM user is an identity created in AWS Identity and Access Management that represents a person or service interacting with AWS resources, with its own credentials and permissions.
Term 429
ICMP is a network-layer protocol used by network devices to send error messages and operational information about network connectivity.
Term 430
An ICS is a system of networked devices used to monitor and control industrial processes, such as manufacturing or power generation.
Term 431
Idempotency means that an operation can be performed multiple times without changing the result beyond the first application.
Term 432
A security model where trust is determined by user identity and context rather than the network location, treating identity itself as the primary boundary for access control.
Term 433
Identity protection is the set of policies, technologies, and practices used to secure digital identities and prevent unauthorized access to systems and data.
Term 434
An identity provider (IdP) is a system that creates, stores, and manages digital identities and authenticates users for other applications and services.
Term 435
An IDF is a secondary telecommunications room in a building that connects floor or area network equipment back to the main equipment room.
Term 436
An IDS is a security system that monitors network or system traffic for suspicious activity and alerts administrators to potential threats, but does not actively block them.
Term 437
IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things) connects industrial machines and sensors to networks for data collection, analysis, and automation in manufacturing, energy, and utilities.
Term 438
IKE (Internet Key Exchange) is a protocol used to set up a secure, authenticated communication channel between two parties by establishing and managing the Security Associations for IPsec.
Term 439
Impersonation is a security attack where an attacker pretends to be a legitimate person or system to gain unauthorized access, steal data, or commit fraud.
Term 440
Implicit deny is a security rule that automatically blocks any network traffic that is not explicitly allowed by an access control list or firewall rule.
Term 441
An inbound ACL is a set of rules applied to network traffic entering an interface that decides whether to allow or block that traffic based on criteria like source IP, destination port, or protocol.
Term 442
An incident is a security event that violates an organization's policies or threatens its data, systems, or operations, requiring a structured response.
Term 443
Incident response is the structured approach an organization uses to identify, contain, and recover from cybersecurity incidents like data breaches or ransomware attacks.
Term 444
Inclusiveness in IT means designing systems, software, and workflows so that they are accessible and usable by people with a wide range of abilities, backgrounds, and needs.
Term 445
An index is a data structure that speeds up data retrieval operations on a database table or file, much like a book index helps you find topics quickly.
Term 446
An indicator of attack (IOA) is a sign that an attack is actively occurring or about to occur, focusing on attacker behavior and intent rather than just the artifacts left behind.
Term 447
An indicator of compromise is a piece of digital evidence—such as a suspicious file hash, IP address, or unusual network pattern—that suggests a system may have been breached by an attacker.
Term 448
An Industrial Control System (ICS) is a network of computers and devices that monitors and controls industrial machinery, such as power plants, water treatment facilities, and assembly lines.
Term 449
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is a network of physical devices, machines, and sensors in industrial settings that collect and exchange data over the internet to improve efficiency and safety.
Term 450
Information barriers are policies and technical controls that prevent the unauthorized flow of sensitive information between different parts of an organization to avoid conflicts of interest and ensure compliance.