CHFI Practice Test 2 — 10 Questions

Question 1

An analyst examines the following Apache access log entry: 192.168.1.10 - - [10/Jan/2023:13:45:22 +0000] "GET /search.php?q=1%27%20UNION%20SELECT%201,2,3-- HTTP/1.1" 200 1234 "-" "Mozilla/5.0". Which attack is MOST likely indicated?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

SQL Injection. The log shows a UNION SELECT statement in the query parameter, indicating a SQL injection attempt. The URL-encoded single quote (') and comment (--) are classic SQLi payloads.

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Path Traversal

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Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)

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Remote File Inclusion

Question 2

A forensic analyst reviews a Windows system for signs of malware persistence. Which TWO registry locations are commonly used to achieve persistence via auto-start programs?

Accepted Answer

HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run. HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run and HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run are standard auto-start locations for all users and current user respectively. RunOnce keys execute once and are also used. But the most common are Run keys.

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HKLM\SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Users

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HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\UserAssist

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HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services

Question 3

During dynamic analysis of a suspicious executable in Cuckoo Sandbox, the report shows that the process created a registry key under HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run named 'WindowsUpdate' and dropped a file 'svchost.exe' in %AppData%. Which conclusion is MOST consistent with these indicators?

Accepted Answer

The executable is attempting to establish persistence via a Run key and masquerading as a system process. The creation of a Run key under HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run is a classic persistence mechanism that causes the executable to launch automatically at user logon. Dropping a file named 'svchost.exe' in %AppData% is a common masquerading technique, as the legitimate svchost.exe (Service Host) resides in C:\Windows\System32, not in the user's AppData folder. Together, these actions indicate the executable is establishing persistence and disguising itself as a trusted system process.

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The executable is cleaning up after itself by deleting temporary files

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The executable is a dropper that installs a rootkit

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The executable is a legitimate Windows update component

Question 4

A forensic analyst is preparing to acquire an image from a suspect's hard drive. The analyst connects the drive to a write blocker, then uses FTK Imager to create a forensic image. Which hashing algorithm is commonly used by FTK Imager to verify image integrity?

Accepted Answer

MD5. FTK Imager uses MD5 (Message Digest 5) as its default hashing algorithm to verify the integrity of forensic images. MD5 produces a 128-bit hash value that uniquely represents the data, allowing the analyst to confirm that the acquired image is an exact bit-for-bit copy of the original drive. While SHA-1 is also supported, MD5 is the algorithm most commonly associated with FTK Imager's verification process.

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AES

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RSA

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Blowfish

Question 5

During a mobile forensic investigation, an examiner wants to recover deleted WhatsApp messages from an Android device. Which of the following artefacts should the examiner examine? (Select TWO.)

Accepted Answer

/data/media/0/Android/data/com.whatsapp/. WhatsApp stores media files (images, videos, voice notes) in the external app-specific directory `/data/media/0/Android/data/com.whatsapp/`. Even after a message is deleted from the chat, the media file may remain in this directory if it was not explicitly removed, allowing recovery. Option C is correct because the primary SQLite database `msgstore.db` in `/data/data/com.whatsapp/databases/` contains the chat messages, including deleted entries that are often only marked as deleted but not physically removed until a vacuum operation.

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/data/data/com.android.providers.telephony/databases/mmssms.db

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/data/data/com.whatsapp/files/Avatars/

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/data/data/com.google.android.gms/databases/

Question 6

An investigator needs to recover deleted files from a USB drive formatted with FAT32. Which of the following techniques would be most effective, assuming the files have not been overwritten?

Accepted Answer

Examine the FAT for unallocated clusters and reconstruct files. FAT32 does not have a journal (eliminating A). The Master File Table ($MFT) is used by NTFS, not FAT32 (eliminating C). While file carving with tools like 'foremost' (D) can recover files based on signatures, it is less effective for deleted files on FAT32 because it may fail to recover fragmented files and does not leverage the file system's own structure. The most effective technique is to examine the File Allocation Table (FAT) for unallocated clusters and reconstruct the files from the directory entry's starting cluster and size (B), assuming the clusters have not been overwritten. This uses the file system metadata to directly locate the file's data.

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Check the journal for recent changes

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Analyze the $MFT for orphaned entries

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Use the 'foremost' tool to carve based on file signatures

Question 7

You are a forensic investigator responding to a security incident at a medium-sized company. The incident involved an attacker gaining unauthorized access to a Windows Server 2019 system. The server was taken offline by the IT team immediately after detection. Your task is to acquire forensic evidence from the server's hard drive. The server has a single 500 GB NTFS partition. You have a forensic workstation with a write blocker, a SATA-to-USB adapter, and a forensic imaging tool that supports both dd and EWF (E01) formats. The server is still physically in the server room, and the IT team has powered it off. You need to create a forensic image that preserves the integrity of the evidence and allows for efficient analysis. Which of the following is the most appropriate course of action?

Accepted Answer

Remove the hard drive, connect it via a write blocker to the forensic workstation, and create an EWF (E01) image stored locally on the forensic workstation's internal drive.. It follows best practices for forensic acquisition: removing the hard drive and connecting it via a write blocker ensures that no data is altered during imaging. Using EWF (E01) format provides compression, metadata, and integrity checks (e.g., CRC32, MD5, SHA-1), which are essential for efficient analysis and evidence preservation. Storing the image locally on the forensic workstation avoids network latency and potential data corruption.

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Boot the server using a forensic live CD, connect an external USB drive to the server, and use 'dd' to create a raw image on the external drive.

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Use the server's built-in backup utility to create a system state backup and copy it to a network share.

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Remove the hard drive, connect it via a write blocker to the forensic workstation, and then use 'dd' over a network connection to send the image to a remote server.

Question 8

A security analyst arrives at a suspected computer crime scene. The computer is on and a user is logged in. The analyst needs to preserve volatile data. According to first responder duties, what should the analyst do FIRST?

Accepted Answer

Capture volatile data such as running processes and network connections. The first responder's priority is to preserve volatile data, which is lost when the system is powered off. Volatile data includes running processes, network connections, and memory contents, which must be captured before any other action. This aligns with the order of volatility (RFC 3227) and standard forensic procedures.

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Immediately unplug the power cord to prevent data alteration

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Create a forensic image of the hard drive using a write blocker

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Photograph the scene and document everything

Question 9

An incident responder receives an alert that a workstation is beaconing to a known malicious IP address. The responder captures network traffic and analyzes it with Wireshark. Which of the following would be an immediate indicator of compromise (IoC) visible in the traffic capture?

Accepted Answer

Repeated connections to a known malicious IP address on a non-standard port. Repeated connections to a known malicious IP address on a non-standard port directly match the definition of a beaconing indicator of compromise (IoC). In network traffic analysis, beaconing is characterized by periodic, outbound connections to a command-and-control (C2) server, often using a non-standard port to evade detection. This pattern is a primary IoC in malware forensics and is immediately visible in Wireshark as a series of TCP SYN packets to the same IP and port at regular intervals.

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Large file transfers during off-hours

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ARP requests from unknown MAC addresses

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Encrypted payloads using TLS 1.3

Question 10

During an iOS forensic examination, an analyst extracts an iTunes backup and finds the file '3d0d7e5fb2ce288813306e4d4636395e047a3d28'. Which type of data does this file typically contain?

Accepted Answer

Notes app data. The file '3d0d7e5fb2ce288813306e4d4636395e047a3d28' is the SQLite database (NotesStore.sqlite) that stores Apple's Notes app data in an iOS backup. Its SHA-1 hash name corresponds to the domain 'AppDomain-com.apple.mobilenotes' and contains the notes, attachments, and metadata. This is a well-known artifact in iOS forensics for recovering user-created notes.

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Call history

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SMS and iMessage conversations

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Keychain data