CEH Practice Test 11 — 15 Questions

Question 1

During a forensic investigation, an analyst finds that a malware sample uses a technique to detect if it is running in a sandbox by checking the number of CPU cores. The malware terminates execution if the core count is less than 2. Which anti-analysis technique is this?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Anti-VM / sandbox evasion. Checking the number of CPU cores is a classic anti-VM/sandbox evasion technique. Virtual machines and sandboxes often allocate minimal resources (e.g., a single core) to remain lightweight, so malware uses this check to detect an analysis environment and terminate execution to avoid detection.

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Code obfuscation

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Anti-debugging

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Packing

Question 2

Which TWO of the following are valid enumeration techniques? (Select 2)

Accepted Answer

LDAP enumeration. LDAP enumeration is a valid enumeration technique because it involves querying a Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) service to extract information about users, groups, computers, and other objects from a directory service like Microsoft Active Directory. Attackers use tools such as ldapsearch or ADExplorer to anonymously or authenticatedly browse the directory tree, revealing usernames, group memberships, and organizational units, which are critical for planning further attacks.

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ARP poisoning

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DNS cache poisoning

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ICMP flooding

Question 3

Drag and drop the steps to conduct a penetration test using the CEH methodology into the correct order.

Accepted Answer

Reconnaissance, Scanning, Gaining Access, Maintaining Access, Covering Tracks. The CEH methodology follows: Reconnaissance, Scanning, Gaining Access, Maintaining Access, Covering Tracks.

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Scanning, Reconnaissance, Gaining Access, Maintaining Access, Covering Tracks

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Reconnaissance, Scanning, Gaining Access, Covering Tracks, Maintaining Access

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Gaining Access, Reconnaissance, Scanning, Maintaining Access, Covering Tracks

Question 4

A security analyst is analyzing a suspicious file and runs the command 'strings malware.exe | grep -i http'. The output shows several URLs ending with '.exe'. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

The malware may download additional payloads from remote servers. The `strings` command extracts printable strings from a binary file, and `grep -i http` filters for HTTP-related content. The presence of URLs ending with `.exe` indicates that the malware contains embedded references to executable files hosted on remote servers, which is a common technique for downloading additional payloads or updates. This strongly suggests the malware has a downloader or dropper component that fetches further malicious code from those URLs.

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The malware has a keylogger component

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The malware is a boot sector virus

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The malware is a worm that spreads via email

Question 5

An analyst observes the following SNMP walk output on a network device: `SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.9.9.23.1.2.1.1.5.1 = STRING: "cisco"`. Which finding is most significant?

Accepted Answer

The SNMP community string is "cisco" and likely weak. The SNMP walk output reveals the community string 'cisco' in the OID `enterprises.9.9.23.1.2.1.1.5.1`, which corresponds to the SNMP community string (ciscoSnmpCommunityString) in Cisco's private MIB. A default or easily guessable community string like 'cisco' is a critical security weakness because it allows unauthorized read or read-write access to the device, enabling enumeration of system information or configuration changes. This finding is the most significant because it directly indicates a weak authentication mechanism that can be exploited for further enumeration or system compromise.

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The SNMP service is using version 2c

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The device is running Cisco IOS version 12.0

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The device is configured for read-write access

Question 6

Based on the exhibit, what type of attack is being attempted?

Accepted Answer

Directory Traversal. The exhibit shows a URL parameter (e.g., `?file=../../etc/passwd`) that uses `../` sequences to traverse outside the web root directory. This is the classic signature of a directory traversal attack, which attempts to access restricted files like `/etc/passwd` by manipulating file path references. The attack exploits insufficient input validation in the application's file retrieval logic.

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Command Injection

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SQL Injection

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Cross-Site Scripting

Question 7

An attacker sends an email to the CEO of a company, pretending to be a board member and requesting a wire transfer for a confidential acquisition. Which social engineering attack is this?

Accepted Answer

Whaling. Whaling is a targeted social engineering attack that specifically goes after high-profile individuals like C-suite executives or board members. In this scenario, the attacker impersonates a board member to trick the CEO into authorizing a wire transfer, which is a classic whaling tactic because it exploits the authority and trust associated with senior leadership.

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Vishing

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Spear phishing

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Phishing

Question 8

During a penetration test, an analyst uses enum4linux with the -a flag against a target. Which of the following is the MOST comprehensive set of information that can be obtained?

Accepted Answer

User list, share list, OS information, password policy, and group memberships. enum4linux with the -a flag performs a comprehensive enumeration against a target, leveraging SMB, RPC, and NetBIOS over TCP/IP. It retrieves user lists, share lists, OS information, password policy details, and group memberships by querying the remote Windows system via SMB RPC calls (e.g., SAMR, LSA, SRVSVC). This makes it the most complete set of information obtainable from a single command, as the -a flag essentially runs all available enumeration modules.

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Only the domain admins and local admins

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Only the SMB shares and open sessions

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Only the NetBIOS name table

Question 9

Which TWO of the following are examples of amplification attacks used in DDoS?

Accepted Answer

DNS amplification. DNS amplification is a classic DDoS amplification attack where an attacker sends a small DNS query (e.g., an ANY or TXT record request) with a spoofed source IP (the victim's address) to an open DNS resolver. The resolver responds with a much larger response (up to 50x the query size), flooding the victim with traffic. This exploits the UDP protocol's lack of handshake and the resolver's willingness to respond to any source.

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Slowloris

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SYN flood

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Ping of Death

Question 10

During a reconnaissance phase, a tester uses `dnsrecon -d example.com -t axfr`. What specific DNS query is being attempted?

Accepted Answer

A zone transfer request. The `-t axfr` flag in `dnsrecon` specifies a zone transfer request (AXFR). This query attempts to retrieve the entire DNS zone file from a nameserver, which can reveal all DNS records for the domain. A successful zone transfer is a critical misconfiguration because it exposes internal network topology and hostnames.

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A subdomain brute-force

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A reverse DNS lookup

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A SRV record enumeration

Question 11

During a penetration test, the tester runs `enum4linux -U 192.168.1.20` and obtains a list of usernames. What service is being enumerated, and what is the primary risk associated with this information disclosure?

Accepted Answer

SMB; it can facilitate password spraying or brute‑force attacks. enum4linux is a tool that queries SMB (Server Message Block) services on a target, typically over TCP ports 139 or 445. The `-U` flag specifically enumerates users from the SAM database via the SMB protocol. The primary risk of obtaining a valid username list is that it enables password spraying or brute-force attacks against SMB authentication, which can lead to unauthorized access.

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NFS; it can lead to unauthorized file access

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SNMP; it can reveal community strings

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LDAP; it can expose directory structure

Question 12

A network administrator notices that the switch's CAM table is full, causing the switch to flood all incoming traffic out of all ports. Which attack is MOST likely occurring?

Accepted Answer

MAC flooding. MAC flooding attacks exploit the limited size of a switch's Content Addressable Memory (CAM) table by sending thousands of frames with unique, random source MAC addresses. Once the CAM table is full, the switch enters a fail-open state and begins flooding all incoming frames out every port, effectively turning it into a hub and allowing the attacker to sniff traffic. This directly matches the scenario where a full CAM table causes flooding.

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ARP poisoning

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DHCP starvation

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DNS spoofing

Question 13

An ethical hacker is analyzing a suspicious file using static analysis. Which of the following actions is part of static malware analysis?

Accepted Answer

Examining the file's strings and metadata without executing it. Static malware analysis involves examining the file without executing it. Option C is correct because analyzing strings and metadata (e.g., file headers, embedded URLs, IP addresses, or suspicious function calls) is a core static analysis technique, often performed using tools like `strings`, `binwalk`, or `PEview`. This approach avoids the risks of execution and helps identify indicators of compromise (IOCs) before dynamic analysis.

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Running the file in a sandboxed environment and monitoring its behavior

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Uploading the file to VirusTotal for scanning

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Using Wireshark to capture packets sent by the file

Question 14

Which THREE of the following are effective techniques to prevent ARP poisoning attacks? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Configuring port security on switches. Configuring port security on switches is effective against ARP poisoning because it limits the number of MAC addresses allowed on a port, preventing an attacker from flooding the network with spoofed MAC addresses. By restricting the port to a single or limited set of MAC addresses, it stops unauthorized devices from injecting fake ARP replies. This is a Layer 2 security control that directly mitigates the ability to perform ARP cache poisoning at the access edge.

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Enabling DHCP snooping

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Disabling STP on all ports

Question 15

Which TWO of the following are common techniques used to cover tracks after compromising a system? (Choose TWO.)

Accepted Answer

Installing a rootkit. Installing a rootkit (Option C) is a common technique used to cover tracks because rootkits are designed to hide the attacker's presence by subverting the operating system's normal behavior, such as hiding processes, files, and registry keys from system utilities. Clearing event logs (Option E) directly removes forensic evidence of the attacker's activities, such as login attempts, privilege escalations, or file access, making it harder for incident responders to reconstruct the attack timeline.

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Running a vulnerability scanner

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Enabling firewall rules

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Creating new user accounts