Introduction to Ethical Hacking

A security analyst suspects that an attacker is scanning their network. They notice a large number of TCP SYN packets being sent to various ports on a single host, but no SYN-ACK responses are returned. Which type of scan is most likely being used?

During a penetration test, an ethical hacker needs to evade an IDS that detects port scans based on the number of packets per second. Which technique would be most effective to avoid detection?

A company wants to test the security of its web application by simulating attacks from an external perspective. They have no prior knowledge of the internal network or application architecture. Which type of test should they perform?

Which TWO of the following are recognized phases of the Ethical Hacking process? (Select TWO.)

Refer to the exhibit. An ethical hacker runs the shown Nmap scan against a target. Which port state indicates that the port is reachable but no service is listening?

You are an ethical hacker hired to assess the security of a mid-sized company's internal network. The company has three departments: Sales, Engineering, and HR, each on separate VLANs. The network uses a single firewall with default-deny rules, but inter-VLAN routing is allowed for specific ports (e.g., HR needs to access Sales database on TCP 1433). During reconnaissance, you discover that the Engineering VLAN has a web server running on port 80 that is accessible from all VLANs. You also find that the Sales VLAN has a file share (SMB) on port 445 that is accessible only from HR. The firewall logs show numerous failed SSH attempts from an external IP to the Engineering web server. Which action should you recommend as the most effective immediate step to reduce the attack surface?

Which THREE of the following are essential phases in the ethical hacking methodology as defined by EC-Council?

Based on the exhibit, what type of attack is being attempted?

You are a penetration tester hired by a financial services company to assess the security of their external web application. The application is a customer portal hosted on a Linux server with Apache 2.4.6 and PHP 7.2. During reconnaissance, you discover that the server responds to HTTP OPTIONS requests and the Allow header includes PUT and DELETE methods. The application uses a MySQL database backend. You also find a file upload feature in the profile section that accepts JPEG images. While testing, you notice that uploading a file with a .php extension returns a '403 Forbidden' error, but uploading a file with .php5 or .phtml extension succeeds. The uploaded files are stored in /uploads/ directory. What should be your next step to escalate the attack?

Drag and drop the steps to perform a TCP three-way handshake into the correct order.

Drag and drop the steps to set up a reverse shell using Netcat into the correct order.

Match each network protocol to its well-known port number.

Match each IDS/IPS term to its meaning.