Foundations OF Lean

What is the primary Lean goal of reducing the number of handoffs between specialized teams?

Which of the following is considered 'Waste' (Muda) in a software development process?

Your organization uses a large 'Project Management Office' to approve every change. How does this affect flow according to Lean principles?

You are managing a process where work consistently stalls at the 'Testing' stage. What is the most effective way to address this bottleneck?

During a retrospective, the team notices they spend 30% of their time fixing defects in previously delivered code. Which Lean principle does this violate?

A team has identified 'task switching' as a primary source of waste. What is the most effective Lean practice to address this?

Your team is experiencing high WIP levels during the development phase. Which Lean technique should you apply first to identify the primary cause of this congestion?

When applying the Lean principle of 'Optimize the Whole', what should you avoid doing?

What does a cumulative flow diagram (CFD) help a team visualize?

What is the primary benefit of 'Small Batch Sizes' in software development?

Your organization wants to transition to a 'Pull' system. What is the most important prerequisite?

A team discovers that their cycle time is highly variable. What is the most likely culprit from a Lean perspective?

Your team is struggling with 'gold plating' (adding unnecessary features). How does this affect the value stream?

What is the primary Lean motivation for 'deferring commitment' until the last responsible moment?

If you observe a high rate of 'blocked' items on your Kanban board, what is the most appropriate action?

You notice that the team's 'Cycle Time' is increasing despite no change in the amount of work. What should you investigate?

Which of these is the best definition of 'Value' in Lean?

A team is frustrated by 'rework'. Which Lean practice helps address this at the source?

When analyzing a Value Stream Map, what does an 'invisible' queue represent?

Which of the following is an example of 'Inventory' waste in software development?

What is the primary Lean goal of 'Visual Management'?

Which of these is a symptom of 'Overprocessing'?

When a team is 'swarming', what are they doing?

You are trying to improve flow in a cross-functional team. How does 'T-shaped' skill development support this?

Why does a 'Push' system often lead to lower quality?

A team has a very high lead time. They notice that work sits in a 'Pending Approval' state for 80% of the total time. What should they do?

Which is a common symptom of a 'bottleneck' in a Lean workflow?

In a Lean environment, how do you handle a 'non-value-add but necessary' activity?

What does 'Kaizen' represent in a Lean context?

When a team is using a 'Kanban' system, what is the best way to determine if WIP limits are too high?

Your team is experiencing 'context switching' due to frequent interruptions. Which Lean-inspired action is most appropriate?

Which TWO of the following are primary benefits of limiting Work-in-Progress (WIP)?

A team has high 'wait time' between code completion and code review. How should they address this using Lean principles?

You are identifying 'non-value-add' work in your process. What is the most important first step?

When applying the principle of 'Optimize the Whole', how should you view a 'specialized' sub-team?

Which THREE of the following are considered 'Waste' in the context of Lean software development?

Which THREE of the following strategies help in 'Optimizing the Whole'?

Which TWO of the following are common types of 'Waste' (Muda) that teams should look for?

Which TWO of the following are essential components of a successful Value Stream Mapping session?

Which THREE of the following actions support the Lean principle 'Build Quality In'?

Which THREE of the following represent ways to reduce handoffs?

Which TWO of the following are common pitfalls of 'Push' systems?

Which TWO of the following are potential side effects of failing to address bottlenecks in a process?

Which THREE of the following are foundational Lean thinking principles?

What is a 'Pull' system in Lean?

Why does Lean advocate for 'Small Batch Sizes'?

What is the primary purpose of 'Little's Law' in Lean?

If you have a 'bottleneck', how does increasing local efficiency at a non-bottleneck step affect the system?

What is the relationship between 'Flow' and 'Value' in Lean?

What is the primary benefit of 'Standardized Work' in a Lean environment?

How should a team handle an 'emergency' request in a Kanban system that is already at its WIP limit?

Which of the following best describes the 'Respect for People' principle?

Why does Lean emphasize 'Visible Management' for project boards?

A product team is mapping its value stream and discovers that a feature request spends 10 days in 'Development' and 20 days waiting in 'Ready for Release' because releases are batched monthly. The team wants to apply Lean thinking to improve flow. Which action should they take first?

A product team is mapping its value stream and discovers that 60% of its cycle time is spent waiting for approvals from a centralized architecture review board. Which two actions best align with Lean thinking to improve flow? (Choose two.)

A team is new to Lean and wants to understand the purpose of a value stream map. Which statement best describes what a value stream map helps them do?

A team notices that it frequently starts new work before finishing current work, and as a result, lead time keeps growing even though everyone is busy. Which Lean principle should the team apply to address this?

A team is deciding when to make a final commitment on a new database technology. They have two viable options and more information will be available in two weeks. According to Lean principles, what should the team do?