AZ-305 Practice Exam 3 — 20 Questions

Question 1

A company plans to migrate a legacy web application to Azure. The application runs on multiple Windows virtual machines (VMs) in an availability set. The VMs must be exposed to the internet via a single endpoint that performs SSL termination and health checks. The load-balancing solution must preserve the original client IP address for logging purposes. Which Azure service should the company use?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Azure Application Gateway v2. Azure Application Gateway v2 is the correct choice because it is a Layer 7 load balancer that supports SSL termination, health probes, and provides a single public endpoint. It preserves the original client IP address by inserting the X-Forwarded-For header in the HTTP request, which the backend VMs can read for logging. This meets all requirements: single internet-facing endpoint, SSL offload, health checks, and client IP preservation.

Answer

Azure Load Balancer (Standard)

Answer

Azure Traffic Manager

Answer

Azure Front Door

Question 2

A company is designing a virtual network architecture for a three-tier application (web, application, database). They want network isolation between tiers and secure access from the internet to the web tier only. Which Azure networking solution should they use?

Accepted Answer

Azure Virtual Network with subnets for each tier and Network Security Groups.. Deploying each tier in its own subnet within an Azure Virtual Network and applying Network Security Groups (NSGs) allows granular inbound/outbound rule enforcement. NSGs can restrict traffic so that only the web tier is reachable from the internet (via a public IP or Azure Load Balancer), while the application and database tiers are isolated from direct internet access and can only communicate with the adjacent tier as defined by NSG rules.

Answer

Azure Virtual Network with a single subnet and application security groups.

Answer

Azure Virtual Network with subnets and Azure Firewall.

Answer

Azure Virtual Network with subnets and a network virtual appliance (NVA).

Question 3

A company wants to allow remote users to access an internal web application hosted on-premises without opening inbound firewall ports. They need seamless single sign-on (SSO) using Microsoft Entra ID credentials. Which Azure service should they use?

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Entra ID Application Proxy. Microsoft Entra ID Application Proxy provides secure remote access to on-premises web applications without requiring inbound firewall ports. It works by establishing an outbound connection from the on-premises Application Proxy connector to the Entra ID service, then routing user traffic through that tunnel. It integrates with Entra ID for pre-authentication and supports seamless SSO using the user's existing Entra ID credentials via Kerberos constrained delegation (KCD) or header-based authentication.

Answer

Microsoft Entra ID B2C

Answer

Microsoft Entra ID Domain Services

Answer

Microsoft Entra ID Connect

Question 4

A company runs a critical application on Azure VMs in the West US region. They need to protect against a regional disaster using Azure Site Recovery. The VMs use unmanaged disks. The recovery point objective (RPO) must be 15 minutes and the recovery time objective (RTO) must be 1 hour. Additionally, they must be able to perform quarterly disaster recovery drills that do not affect the production environment. Which configuration should they use in Azure Site Recovery?

Accepted Answer

Set up replication with a 15-minute snapshot frequency and perform test failover for drills.. Azure Site Recovery supports replication of Azure VMs with unmanaged disks, and a 15-minute snapshot frequency meets the RPO requirement. Test failover allows quarterly disaster recovery drills without impacting the production environment, as it creates isolated copies of VMs in a separate network for validation.

Answer

Use Azure Backup for VM replication and perform restore drills.

Answer

Configure a recovery plan with a pre-script to take a snapshot every 15 minutes.

Answer

Enable multi-VM consistency group with a 15-minute consistency frequency.

Question 5

Your company, Fabrikam Inc., operates a global Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) application that provides real-time analytics. The application runs on Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) with a microservices architecture. The data tier uses Azure Cosmos DB (Core SQL API) with multi-region writes. The application also uses Azure Event Hubs for event ingestion. The business requires a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 10 seconds and a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 0 for the entire platform. The solution must support active-active configuration across multiple Azure regions. You have been asked to recommend the disaster recovery design. Which option should you recommend?

Accepted Answer

Deploy AKS in three regions with Azure Front Door. Use Azure Cosmos DB with multi-region writes. Use Azure Event Hubs with geo-disaster recovery and active-active pattern. Use Azure Cache for Redis Enterprise with active geo-replication.. It meets the strict RTO of 10 seconds and RPO of 0 by using Azure Front Door for global load balancing with health probes, Azure Cosmos DB multi-region writes for zero data loss, Azure Event Hubs with geo-disaster recovery and active-active pattern for continuous event ingestion, and Azure Cache for Redis Enterprise with active geo-replication for synchronized caching across regions. This combination ensures that all components support active-active configuration and can fail over instantly without data loss.

Answer

Deploy AKS in three regions with Azure Traffic Manager. Use Azure Cosmos DB with multi-region writes. Use Azure Event Hubs with geo-disaster recovery. Use Azure Cache for Redis Enterprise with active geo-replication.

Answer

Deploy AKS in two regions with Azure Front Door. Use Azure Cosmos DB with single write region and auto-failover. Use Azure Service Bus with geo-disaster recovery. Use Azure Cache for Redis Enterprise with active geo-replication.

Answer

Deploy AKS in two regions with Azure Front Door. Use Azure SQL Database with auto-failover groups. Use Azure Event Hubs with geo-disaster recovery. Use Azure Cache for Redis Enterprise with active geo-replication.

Question 6

You are designing a connectivity solution for a hybrid network. The company has an on-premises network connected to an Azure virtual network via ExpressRoute. They also have a site-to-site VPN to the same Azure virtual network as a backup. When the ExpressRoute connection fails, traffic should automatically fail over to the VPN. How should you configure the routes to ensure automatic failover?

Accepted Answer

Ensure the ExpressRoute connection has a lower BGP metric than the VPN connection; Azure automatically prefers lower metric.. B is correct because when both ExpressRoute and VPN connections use BGP to advertise routes to Azure, Azure automatically selects the route with the lowest BGP metric (MED). By configuring the ExpressRoute connection with a lower BGP metric than the VPN connection, Azure will prefer the ExpressRoute path under normal conditions. If the ExpressRoute fails, its routes are withdrawn, and Azure falls back to the VPN routes, providing automatic failover.

Answer

Configure Azure Traffic Manager with a priority routing method to direct traffic to ExpressRoute first.

Answer

Set the BGP metrics (local preference) on the ExpressRoute connection to be higher than the VPN connection.

Answer

Configure Azure Route Server to propagate routes with a lower metric for the VPN connection.

Question 7

Your company plans to migrate a large number of on-premises virtual machines to Azure. You need to assess the current environment and migrate the workloads with minimal downtime. Which THREE Azure services or tools should you use? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Azure Data Box. Azure Data Box is correct because it enables large-scale offline data transfer for environments with limited network bandwidth, allowing you to migrate terabytes of VM data to Azure without relying on slow or unstable connections. This service is ideal for the initial bulk copy of on-premises VM disks, which can then be used with Azure Migrate for assessment and Azure Site Recovery for ongoing replication with minimal downtime.

Answer

Azure App Service

Answer

Azure Import/Export Service

Question 8

A company is designing a disaster recovery solution for a critical application that runs on Azure VMs in a single region. The RTO is 4 hours, and the RPO is 1 hour. The application uses Azure SQL Database. The company wants to minimize the cost of the disaster recovery solution while meeting the RTO and RPO. You need to recommend a solution. What should you recommend?

Accepted Answer

Use Azure Site Recovery to replicate VMs to a secondary region and Azure SQL Database geo-replication for the database.. Azure Site Recovery provides orchestrated replication and failover for Azure VMs, meeting the 4-hour RTO with automated recovery plans. Azure SQL Database active geo-replication (or failover groups) enables continuous data synchronization with an RPO of 1 hour. This combination minimizes cost by using only the necessary replication services without over-provisioning resources.

Answer

Use Azure SQL Database active geo-replication for the database and Azure Backup for VMs.

Answer

Use Azure Backup to back up VMs and Azure SQL Database to a secondary region.

Answer

Use Azure Traffic Manager to distribute traffic to VMs in multiple regions and Azure SQL Database failover groups.

Question 9

Your company runs a mission-critical application on Azure Virtual Machines in a single region. You need to design a monitoring solution that provides proactive alerts for performance degradation and allows the operations team to analyze historical trends. The solution must minimize cost and operational overhead. You have an existing Log Analytics workspace. What should you include in the design?

Accepted Answer

Enable Azure Monitor on all VMs using the Azure Monitor agent. Create metric alerts for high CPU and memory usage. Use Log Analytics to query and analyze historical performance data.. It uses the Azure Monitor agent to collect performance data from VMs, enabling metric alerts for proactive notification of high CPU and memory usage, while leveraging the existing Log Analytics workspace for cost-effective historical analysis. This approach minimizes operational overhead by using a single agent and native Azure Monitor features without additional services or complex configurations.

Answer

Enable VM insights in Azure Monitor and use its live map and performance views for historical analysis.

Answer

Configure Azure Autoscale for the VMs based on CPU metrics and use Azure Monitor for logging.

Answer

Deploy Application Insights on each VM and use its built-in alerts for performance.

Question 10

You run the above PowerShell script to upload a blob to Azure Storage. The script fails with an error: 'The specified container does not exist.' What should you do first to resolve the issue?

Accepted Answer

Create the container using New-AzStorageContainer.. The error 'The specified container does not exist' indicates that the target container has not been created in the Azure Storage account. The PowerShell script uses the `Set-AzStorageBlobContent` cmdlet, which requires an existing container as the destination. Therefore, the first corrective action is to create the container using `New-AzStorageContainer` before uploading the blob.

Answer

Use a different connection string with a SAS token.

Answer

Grant the storage account key access to the user.

Answer

Change the -StandardBlobTier parameter to Cool.

Question 11

A small business is migrating its on-premises file server to Azure. The file server contains 2 TB of data that is accessed infrequently. The business wants to minimize costs and only pay for storage used. The solution must support SMB protocol and allow for on-premises caching to reduce latency. Which Azure storage solution should the business recommend?

Accepted Answer

Azure Files Standard tier with Azure File Sync. Azure Files Standard tier with Azure File Sync is correct because it provides fully managed SMB file shares in the cloud, supports the required SMB protocol, and Azure File Sync enables on-premises caching to reduce latency. The Standard tier is cost-effective for infrequently accessed data, and the pay-as-you-go model minimizes costs by charging only for actual storage used.

Answer

Azure Disk Storage Standard HDD with shared disks

Answer

Azure NetApp Files Standard tier with cross-region replication

Answer

Azure Blob Storage Cool tier with Azure Storage Explorer

Question 12

Your company uses Microsoft Entra ID for identity management. You need to implement a solution that automatically blocks sign-ins from risky users and requires multi-factor authentication (MFA) when a sign-in risk is detected. Which TWO services should you use? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Entra ID Protection. Microsoft Entra ID Protection (B) is the service that detects sign-in risks (e.g., anonymous IP, atypical travel) and labels users or sign-ins as risky. Conditional Access policies (E) then enforce automated responses, such as blocking the sign-in or requiring MFA, based on the risk level from Entra ID Protection. Together, they provide the detection and enforcement mechanism described in the requirement.

Answer

Microsoft Purview

Answer

Microsoft Defender XDR

Answer

Microsoft Intune

Question 13

Your company runs a Windows-based application on Azure Virtual Machines in the Brazil South region. The application uses Azure Files for shared storage and Azure SQL Database (Hyperscale tier) for the database. The business requires a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 15 minutes and a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 30 minutes for the entire application. The solution must be cost-effective and leverage Azure-native services. You have been asked to design the disaster recovery strategy. Which option should you recommend?

Accepted Answer

Use Azure Site Recovery to replicate the VMs to a secondary region. Configure geo-redundant storage (GRS) for Azure Files. For Azure SQL Database Hyperscale, enable geo-restore and test restore procedures.. Azure Site Recovery provides VM replication with RPOs as low as 15 minutes and RTOs of minutes, meeting the 15-minute RPO and 30-minute RTO. Geo-redundant storage (GRS) for Azure Files ensures data is replicated to a paired secondary region with an RPO of 15 minutes (typically), and Azure SQL Database Hyperscale’s geo-restore allows restoring from geo-replicated backups, which can achieve the required RPO/RTO when tested and automated. This combination is cost-effective as it uses native Azure services without requiring a pre-provisioned secondary environment.

Answer

Deploy a second set of VMs in a secondary region. Use Azure File Sync to keep Azure Files in sync. Use Azure SQL Database failover groups with a readable secondary.

Answer

Back up the VMs using Azure Backup with a 15-minute frequency. Use Azure File Sync to replicate Azure Files to a secondary region. Use Azure SQL Database backup with point-in-time restore.

Answer

Use Azure Site Recovery for VMs. Use Azure File Sync for Azure Files. Use active geo-replication for Azure SQL Database.

Question 14

A software company hosts multiple small databases for different clients on Azure SQL Database. Each database has low average usage but experiences unpredictable spikes. The company wants to minimize cost by pooling resources across databases while allowing each database to consume resources up to a set limit during spikes. They also need the ability to easily add new databases without manual sizing. Which Azure SQL Database deployment option should they choose?

Accepted Answer

Azure SQL Database elastic pool. Azure SQL Database elastic pool is the correct choice because it allows multiple databases to share a fixed pool of resources (eDTUs or vCores), which minimizes cost by pooling resources across databases with low average usage and unpredictable spikes. Each database can automatically burst up to a configurable per-database resource limit (e.g., max eDTU per database) during spikes, and new databases can be added to the pool without manual sizing, as they simply consume from the shared pool.

Answer

Azure SQL Database single database with reserved capacity

Answer

Azure SQL Managed Instance

Answer

SQL Server on Azure Virtual Machines

Question 15

Which TWO of the following are valid strategies for achieving high availability for Azure SQL Database?

Accepted Answer

Deploy Azure SQL Database in a zone-redundant configuration within a single region.. Azure SQL Database's zone-redundant configuration automatically provisions a primary replica and multiple secondary replicas across different availability zones within the same region. This ensures that if one zone fails, the database automatically fails over to a secondary replica in another zone without data loss, providing an RPO of 0 and an RTO of typically under 60 seconds. Option C is correct because active geo-replication with a readable secondary in the same region creates a synchronous replica that can be used for both high availability and read-scale workloads, though it is more commonly used for cross-region scenarios; within the same region, it offers an additional layer of redundancy beyond the default local redundancy.

Answer

Enable read scale-out to distribute read queries to a secondary replica.

Answer

Use Azure Backup to copy database backups to another region.

Answer

Configure auto-failover groups with a secondary in another region.

Question 16

A company runs SQL Server on Azure VMs using SQL Server Standard Edition. They need a disaster recovery solution that replicates the database to a secondary Azure region with a recovery point objective (RPO) of 15 minutes and a recovery time objective (RTO) of 2 hours. They cannot use Always On Availability Groups due to licensing constraints. They also need to perform non-disruptive disaster recovery drills. Which Azure service should they implement?

Accepted Answer

Azure Site Recovery. Azure Site Recovery (ASR) replicates entire SQL Server VMs (including their databases) to a secondary Azure region, supporting RPOs as low as 30 seconds and RTOs of 2 hours or less. It allows non-disruptive disaster recovery drills by performing test failovers in an isolated network without affecting the production environment. This solution avoids the licensing constraints of Always On Availability Groups and works with SQL Server Standard Edition.

Answer

Azure Backup for SQL Server

Answer

SQL Server Log Shipping to an Azure VM

Answer

Geo-replication for Azure SQL Database

Question 17

Refer to the exhibit. You deploy this Azure Network Watcher connection monitor to test TCP connectivity on port 443 between two VMs. The test consistently shows 'Unreachable' status. Both VMs are running and have correct NSG rules allowing inbound port 443 from the source VM's IP. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The source VM does not have the Network Watcher Agent installed.. Azure Network Watcher connection monitor relies on the Network Watcher Agent extension installed on both source and destination VMs to collect and report connectivity data. Without the agent on the source VM, the test cannot initiate the TCP probes, resulting in a persistent 'Unreachable' status regardless of NSG rules or VM health.

Answer

The destination VM's NSG is blocking the traffic despite the rule.

Answer

The destination VM's private IP address is incorrect.

Answer

A firewall on the destination VM is blocking TCP port 443.

Question 18

A company wants to store log data from multiple applications for up to 30 days for analysis. The data is append-only, and queries are infrequent but need to be fast when run. Which Azure data storage solution should you recommend?

Accepted Answer

Azure Log Analytics Workspace. Azure Log Analytics Workspace is the correct choice because it is purpose-built for ingesting, storing, and querying log data from multiple sources. It supports append-only log ingestion, retains data for up to 30 days in its interactive retention tier (configurable), and provides fast Kusto Query Language (KQL) queries for infrequent analysis. The workspace integrates natively with Azure Monitor and other services, making it ideal for centralized log analysis.

Answer

Azure Table Storage

Answer

Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2

Answer

Azure Blob Storage (archive tier)

Question 19

A company ingests millions of IoT events per second from sensors around the world. Each event is a JSON message with timestamp, device ID, and readings. They need to support real-time analytics dashboards and also store all raw data for long-term historical analysis. They want to minimize operational overhead. Which Azure data storage solution should they recommend?

Accepted Answer

Azure Event Hubs with Capture to Azure Data Lake Storage.. Azure Event Hubs is designed for high-throughput data ingestion, capable of handling millions of events per second. By enabling the Capture feature, data is automatically and durably persisted to Azure Data Lake Storage in Avro format, providing a serverless, low-latency pipeline for real-time dashboards while storing raw data for long-term analytics. This minimizes operational overhead by eliminating the need to manage separate ingestion and storage infrastructure.

Answer

Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 for all data.

Answer

Azure Cosmos DB for both real-time and historical data.

Answer

Azure Time Series Insights (TSI) Standard.

Question 20

A company uses Azure Backup to protect on-premises Windows servers. The backup data is stored in a Recovery Services vault. They want to ensure that backup data is protected even if the entire Azure region fails. What should they configure?

Accepted Answer

Enable Cross-region restore (CRR) for the Recovery Services vault.. Cross-region restore (CRR) is the correct feature to protect backup data against an entire Azure region failure. When enabled on a Recovery Services vault with geo-redundant storage (GRS), CRR allows you to restore backup data to a paired secondary Azure region even if the primary region is unavailable. This ensures business continuity by providing a secondary restore point in a different region.

Answer

Configure backup replication across two Recovery Services vaults in different regions.

Answer

Enable geo-redundant storage (GRS) for the Recovery Services vault.

Answer

Use zone-redundant storage (ZRS) for the Recovery Services vault.