488 questions total · 7pages · All types, answers revealed
A developer wants to schedule an Apex class to run daily. Which interface must the class implement?
Schedulable allows the execution of code at specific times.
Why this answer
The Schedulable interface is required for classes that need to be scheduled.
Which THREE trigger context variables are available ONLY in insert and update triggers (not delete triggers)? (Choose THREE.)
Trigger.newMap is available on insert (after) and update.
Why this answer
Trigger.new, Trigger.newMap, and Trigger.oldMap are available in insert/update contexts (oldMap is update only, new/newMap are insert/update). Let's check exact availability: Trigger.new and Trigger.newMap are available on insert and update (and undelete for new). Trigger.old and Trigger.oldMap are available on update and delete.
Let's frame the question around variables available in Trigger insert/update events vs delete.
A developer is building a Visualforce page that uses a custom controller and needs to display a message to the user when an error occurs. Which class and method should be used?
Adds a message object to the page messages queue.
Why this answer
ApexPages.addMessage() adds an ApexPages.Message to the page messages list.
Which TWO statements are true regarding Queueable Apex compared to future methods? (Choose two.)
Correct. System.enqueueJob returns an ID for tracking.
Why this answer
Queueable Apex offers job IDs for tracking and supports complex data types, unlike future methods.
Which THREE features are enforced when an Apex class is defined with the 'with sharing' keyword? Choose 3 options.
Criteria and owner-based sharing rules are enforced.
Why this answer
with sharing enforces organization-wide defaults, role hierarchies, and sharing rules.
What is the maximum number of asynchronous Apex jobs that can be queued in a 24-hour period in a Developer Edition org?
250,000 is the correct limit for Developer Edition.
Why this answer
The limit is 250,000 asynchronous Apex method executions per 24-hour period.
When should a developer choose to implement Schedulable Apex? (Choose two.)
Correct. Schedulable Apex is commonly used to invoke batch jobs periodically.
Why this answer
Schedulable Apex is used to run Apex classes at scheduled times or intervals, such as nightly batch jobs or periodic maintenance tasks.
Which annotation must be used on an Apex method to make it available for use with the @wire service in a Lightning Web Component?
Required for wire service access.
Why this answer
Apex methods must be annotated with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) to be usable with @wire.
A developer has a requirement to perform a callout to an external ERP system immediately when an Opportunity reaches Closed Won. The developer decides to use a future method from an after update trigger. What is a primary architectural limitation of this approach?
Because future methods only accept primitives, the future method must requery records using passed IDs.
Why this answer
Future methods cannot accept sObjects as arguments, requiring the trigger to pass primitive IDs, and they cannot guarantee exact execution order when multiple asynchronous requests fire.
Which component of the MVC design pattern in Salesforce Lightning Web Components (LWC) represents the data model and business logic layer?
Apex classes, triggers, and standard/custom objects make up the Model.
Why this answer
In Salesforce, the Model layer corresponds to the database and Apex controllers/SOQL queries handling data.
A developer is preparing to deploy metadata changes from a sandbox to a production org using Outbound Change Sets. Where must the administrator or developer establish the connection between the two organizations?
Inbound change sets require deployment connections to be authorized and deployed from trusted source orgs via Deployment Settings.
Why this answer
Deployment connections for change sets must be authorized and configured in Deployment Settings in the target production org.
A developer is implementing a Lightning Web Component with a custom CSS file. How does the component load its associated stylesheet?
Correct because LWC shadow DOM automatically bundles stylesheets sharing the component name.
Why this answer
LWC automatically loads a CSS file with the same name as the component JavaScript and HTML files if placed in the same bundle.
A developer writes an Apex method that executes a SOQL query inside a for-loop over a list of 200 Account records. Which governor limit is most likely to be immediately breached?
Executing a query inside a loop of 200 iterations results in 200 SOQL queries, exceeding the governor limit of 100.
Why this answer
The synchronous limit for SOQL queries is 100 per transaction. Querying inside a loop over 200 records will exceed this limit.
Which TWO collections are valid in Apex and maintain the insertion order of their elements? Choose 2 answers.
Maps in Apex preserve the insertion order of their keys when iterated over.
Why this answer
Lists and Maps (specifically keeping insertion order for iteration) maintain insertion order, whereas standard sets do not guarantee order.
A developer is troubleshooting a Lightning Web Component where data retrieved via the @wire service needs to be formatted before being rendered in the template. Which THREE approaches are valid ways to handle or transform wired data? Choose 3 answers.
Correct. Getters can derive formatted values reactively from wired properties.
Why this answer
Wired data can be handled via wired adapter property results using a getter, a wired function that transforms the value into a tracked local property, or custom wire adapters.
A developer is analyzing a debug log and notices that it is truncated because it exceeded the maximum file size limit. Which action should the developer take to capture only the relevant Apex code execution details without exceeding the limit?
Reducing verbosity for unneeded categories keeps log sizes small enough to capture the critical execution path.
Why this answer
Refining log categories and levels ensures only necessary debug statements are recorded, preventing truncation.
A developer needs to convert a string variable containing an alphanumeric Salesforce ID into an ID primitive data type. Which approach is valid in Apex?
Strings containing valid 15-character or 18-character Salesforce IDs can be assigned directly to Id variables.
Why this answer
Passing a string to the Id constructor (Id myId = (Id)myString; or Id myId = myString;) automatically casts or converts valid string IDs to the Id type.
Which TWO ways can a developer trigger a server-side Apex method imperatively from a Lightning Web Component? Choose 2 answers.
Standard import syntax for Apex in LWC.
Why this answer
Imperative Apex calls return a Promise and are imported directly from the Apex class method.
A developer is creating a Lightning Web Component and needs to style a child component from a parent component across the shadow DOM boundary. What feature enables custom styling hooks?
Styling hooks allow developers to style shadow DOM elements via CSS custom properties.
Why this answer
CSS custom properties (CSS variables) defined with --slds or custom component variables can pierce the shadow DOM if exposed.
An application has complex business logic where an Apex class called from a trigger needs to know whether it was invoked from an insert or update trigger context. How can the developer determine this?
These context variables accurately reflect the trigger execution event.
Why this answer
Trigger.isInsert and Trigger.isUpdate context variables indicate whether the current trigger execution was caused by an insert or update operation.
A developer writes an Apex method with the 'inherited sharing' keyword. What is the behavior of this class when invoked from a class declared with 'with sharing'?
Inherited sharing adopts the context of the calling code.
Why this answer
Inherited sharing classes execute with sharing when invoked from a with sharing context, inheriting the caller's sharing rules.
Which interface enables an Apex class to be invoked from a Flow using the InvocableAction framework?
Invocable actions are defined via the @InvocableMethod annotation rather than implementing a specific interface.
Why this answer
Methods annotated with @InvocableMethod allow Apex to be called from declarative flows.
A developer writes a SOQL query to fetch Account records and wants to bind a list of strings called 'targetNames' as filter criteria. Which syntax is correct?
The colon syntax (:targetNames) correctly binds the Apex collection variable to the query.
Why this answer
Using IN :targetNames allows binding a collection variable directly into a SOQL WHERE clause.
What is the primary purpose of the Salesforce CLI in a CI/CD pipeline?
CLI facilitates source-driven development and automation.
Why this answer
The Salesforce CLI is the fundamental tool for programmatically interacting with Salesforce Orgs in automation.
A developer is building a Lightning Web Component and needs to execute code as soon as the component is inserted into the DOM. Which lifecycle hook should the developer use?
Correct because connectedCallback is called when the component is inserted into the DOM.
Why this answer
connectedCallback() is invoked when a component is inserted into the DOM, making it ideal for initialization logic that requires DOM readiness or wire adapters.
An enterprise application requires real-time integration where outgoing callouts must be triggered from an Apex trigger. What architectural pattern must the developer use?
Asynchronous future methods with callout=true allow web service requests from triggers safely.
Why this answer
Triggers cannot make direct synchronous callouts, so they must invoke an asynchronous mechanism like a future method with callout=true.
Which THREE actions are best practices when deploying Apex classes to production?
Ensures no regressions.
Why this answer
Running tests, validating, and using version control are key deployment practices.
A developer is implementing navigation in a Lightning Experience app using the NavigationMixin service in a Lightning Web Component. The developer wants to navigate to a standard ListView for the Account object. What is the correct type to specify?
Correct because objectPage with actionName list navigates to a standard object list view.
Why this answer
NavigationMixin.Navigate uses standard page references where type is 'standard__objectPage' and actionName is 'list'.
Which TWO of the following are valid ways to chain asynchronous Apex?
This is the standard way to chain jobs.
Why this answer
Queueable Apex and Scheduled Apex allow for chaining or subsequent scheduling.
A developer is troubleshooting a Lightning Web Component where data returned from an Apex wire adapter needs to be mutated before being rendered. What is the correct pattern to handle this?
Correct because cloning the immutable wire object allows modification.
Why this answer
Data returned by wire adapters is immutable (frozen). To mutate it, the developer must create a shallow copy of the data object.
A developer needs to check the status of a long-running batch job that was triggered by an Apex class. Where should they look?
Displays status for async jobs.
Why this answer
The Apex Jobs page lists all batch, future, and queueable jobs.
Which TWO practices are considered best practices when writing Apex unit tests in Salesforce? (Choose two.)
Creating test data locally ensures test independence and reliability.
Why this answer
Using Test.startTest/stopTest and avoiding SeeAllData=true are essential Apex testing best practices.
What is a 'Change Set' used for?
Primary use case.
Why this answer
Change Sets move metadata between connected Salesforce Orgs.
Which TWO types of triggers can be defined in Apex? Choose 2 options.
After triggers execute after records are saved to the database.
Why this answer
Apex supports before triggers and after triggers executed around DML operations.
Which THREE of the following are valid uses for the Database.executeBatch method parameters?
The constructor is used for passing data.
Why this answer
The method allows setting the batch size, which is critical for performance tuning.
Which THREE limitations apply to @future methods?
Only primitives are allowed.
Why this answer
Future methods cannot be tracked, have specific parameter limits, and cannot be chained.
Which SOQL query utilizes the correct syntax to retrieve child Contact records from a parent Account record using the standard relationship name?
Contacts is the correct standard child relationship name for Account-to-Contact queries.
Why this answer
Standard child relationships use the pluralized object name with '__r' for custom or standard naming conventions (e.g., Contacts).
A Queueable Apex job implements Database.AllowsCallouts and chains another Queueable job. What is the maximum number of jobs that can be chained in a single transaction chain?
In developer and enterprise editions, the maximum chain depth for Queueable jobs is 5.
Why this answer
Queueable jobs can be chained, but only one child job can be spawned per execution, up to a maximum depth limit of 5 in a synchronous transaction chain (or more depending on async chains, but standard chaining depth is limited).
Which THREE features are supported in Salesforce scratch orgs? (Choose three.)
Packages can be installed into scratch orgs for testing dependencies.
Why this answer
Scratch orgs support source tracking, custom configurations, and feature activation.
What is the correct file extension for a Lightning Web Component HTML template file?
Standard extension for LWC templates.
Why this answer
LWC HTML template files must use the .html extension and share the component base name.
A developer is writing a Queueable class that needs to make a callout and also perform a DML operation afterward in the same transaction. Which interface must be added to the Queueable class definition?
Implementing Database.AllowsCallouts permits HTTP callouts from asynchronous Queueable executions.
Why this answer
To make HTTP callouts in Queueable Apex, the class must implement the Database.AllowsCallouts interface.
A developer creates an Apex trigger that updates related Contact records whenever an Account record is updated. The trigger performs a DML operation on the Contacts. During testing, updating an Account causes the trigger to fire infinitely and throw a System.LimitException: Maximum trigger depth exceeded. Which design pattern should the developer implement to prevent this recursion?
Correct. A static variable retains its value for the duration of the request, allowing the code to check if it has already executed.
Why this answer
Using a static boolean flag in a helper class is the standard Salesforce pattern to prevent recursive trigger execution by tracking whether the trigger logic has already run in the current transaction.
A developer is configuring a Lightning Web Component that uses the Lightning Message Service (LMS). Which module must be imported to publish a message on a message channel?
Provides publish, subscribe, and release functions for LMS.
Why this answer
publish function and the message channel reference are imported from lightning/messageService and the channel definition file respectively.
Which THREE statements are accurate regarding Apex transaction control and database savepoints? Choose 3 answers.
Database.setSavepoint() creates and returns a Savepoint token.
Why this answer
Savepoints allow partial rollbacks within a single transaction using Database.setSavepoint() and Database.rollback().
A developer writes a SOQL query using the FORMAT() keyword. What is the purpose of this keyword?
FORMAT() applies localized formatting to numeric, date, and currency fields.
Why this answer
FORMAT() formats currency, date, time, and numerical fields according to the current user's locale settings.
A developer needs to ensure that an Apex trigger fires only during the after insert context. Which check should be placed at the beginning of the trigger body?
This condition correctly targets after insert events.
Why this answer
Checking Trigger.isAfter and Trigger.isInsert ensures the code runs only during the desired trigger event.
Which THREE actions should a developer take to optimize Visualforce view state performance? Choose 3 answers.
Reduces object size in view state.
Why this answer
To optimize view state, developers should use the transient keyword, minimize controller sObject queries/fields, and use custom wrapper classes where appropriate.
Which TWO of the following are valid ways to specify which tests to run in the Salesforce CLI?
Using -c runs all tests in the package.
Why this answer
The CLI allows running specific classes or classes within a namespace.
A developer is writing a Visualforce page with custom controller logic and needs to ensure that database operations are executed transactionally. What happens by default when an unhandled exception occurs during a controller action method?
Salesforce transactions are atomic; unhandled exceptions cause a full rollback.
Why this answer
All database changes in the transaction are rolled back automatically by the platform if an unhandled exception occurs.
A developer is building a Lightning Web Component that needs to fetch records imperatively based on a user interaction. Which Lightning module should the developer import to access Salesforce data imperatively in JavaScript?
Correct. The @salesforce/apex module allows importing Apex methods for imperative calls.
Why this answer
To call Apex methods imperatively in a Lightning Web Component, developers must import the method from the @salesforce/apex scoped module.
A developer has a requirement to update child Case records whenever a parent Account's status changes. The logic requires complex looping, exception handling, and handling up to 10,000 related records. Which tool should the developer choose according to Salesforce best practices?
Apex triggers provide robust control, bulkification, and error-handling capabilities for complex enterprise logic.
Why this answer
Apex Triggers combined with Batch Apex or bulkified code are ideal for complex business logic involving high-volume child record updates that exceed declarative flow limits.
A developer needs to measure the performance of a SOQL query. Which log category and level should be used?
Captures query performance.
Why this answer
The Database category at the INFO level or higher captures SOQL execution metrics.
A developer needs to write a secure SOQL query that prevents unauthorized data exposure by respecting both sharing rules and field-level security. Which TWO approaches can the developer combine to achieve this? (Choose two.)
WITH SECURITY_ENFORCED enforces field and object-level security checks on SOQL queries.
Why this answer
Sharing rules are enforced via class keywords, while FLS can be enforced using WITH SECURITY_ENFORCED or Security.stripInaccessible.
A developer has a Lightning Web Component with a reactive property 'recordId'. How should the property be decorated to ensure it receives the current record ID when placed on a record page?
@api exposes the property so Salesforce can inject the record ID.
Why this answer
@api makes properties public so the container can pass values like recordId into the component.
Which TWO tools are effective for monitoring asynchronous Apex jobs?
This shows all async jobs.
Why this answer
The Apex Jobs page and the AsyncApexJob object are primary monitoring tools.
A developer wants to include a custom styling hook to override a standard Lightning Design System component token in a Lightning Web Component. Where should this CSS custom property be defined?
Correct. SLDS styling hooks are defined inside the component's CSS file.
Why this answer
Custom properties to override SLDS tokens should be defined in the component's style sheet (.css file) targeting the component's host or matching elements.
Which TWO of the following are required to successfully use the 'Test.startTest()' and 'Test.stopTest()' pattern for testing batch Apex?
Assertions must wait until the asynchronous work is processed by stopTest.
Why this answer
This pattern is required to force the batch to execute within the test context and ensure it completes before assertions.
Which SLDS grid class should be used to create a flexible container where items wrap automatically onto multiple rows?
Allows grid items to wrap to multiple lines.
Why this answer
slds-wrap enables wrapping in SLDS flexbox grids.
An application has a requirement to query records owned by subordinate users in the role hierarchy using Apex. Which SOQL feature supports this capability?
Record visibility down the role hierarchy is automatically enforced by Salesforce sharing rules when queries run in 'with sharing' mode.
Why this answer
The WITH DATA CATEGORY or parent user hierarchy queries can be accomplished using standard sharing, but for role hierarchy expansions in SOQL, developers use keyword qualifiers or UserRecordAccess. Wait, standard SOQL does not have a direct 'ROLE HIERARCHY' keyword, but SOSL/SOQL supports user permission checks, or specifically, sharing rules are evaluated automatically in 'with sharing' classes. However, querying subordinate data is managed by sharing rules and record ownership.
Which best practice should be followed when writing Apex triggers to ensure bulkification?
Bulkification ensures that triggers handle any number of records passed via data loader or UI seamlessly.
Why this answer
Triggers must be written to handle collections of records (Trigger.new / Trigger.old) rather than single records.
During the Salesforce save order of execution, when are before triggers executed relative to custom validation rules?
Before triggers run prior to validation rules so values can be normalized or prepopulated.
Why this answer
Before triggers execute before custom validation rules are evaluated, allowing developers to modify field values before validation checks run.
A developer needs to ensure that a specific Apex method runs asynchronously because it makes a callout to an external REST API from a standard user interface controller. Which annotation must be added to the method?
Correct. The @future annotation with callout=true enables asynchronous execution and allows callouts.
Why this answer
The @future(callout=true) annotation allows an Apex method to run asynchronously and enables it to perform HTTP callouts.
Which THREE statements are true regarding asynchronous Apex governor limits and execution behavior? (Choose three.)
Each asynchronous execution runs in a fresh transaction with reset limits.
Why this answer
Asynchronous jobs have higher limits (heap, CPU time), run in separate transactions, and can be monitored via AsyncApexJob.
A developer has a trigger that updates related child records. To prevent recursive trigger execution when updates ripple through child triggers, what is a standard best practice design pattern?
A static boolean flag set to true after first execution prevents subsequent recursive triggers from running.
Why this answer
Using a static boolean flag in a helper class is the classic pattern to prevent recursive trigger execution in Salesforce.
Which THREE pieces of information are displayed in the Apex Test Execution page?
Shows pass/fail.
Why this answer
The page shows class name, status, and duration.
What is the maximum number of view state bytes allowed in a Visualforce page before Salesforce throws an error?
Standard Salesforce view state limit.
Why this answer
The maximum view state limit for a Visualforce page is 172 KB.
A developer is troubleshooting a transaction that exceeds governor limits due to SOQL queries. Which THREE techniques help prevent hitting SOQL query limits in Apex? (Choose THREE.)
In-memory map lookups eliminate repetitive SOQL queries inside loops.
Why this answer
Avoiding queries in loops, using aggregate queries, and caching results in maps/collections help avoid SOQL query limit issues.
Which TWO techniques can be used to pass data from a parent component to a child Lightning Web Component? Choose 2 answers.
Allows imperative data passing or action invocation.
Why this answer
Data is passed down via public properties decorated with @api or by invoking public child methods.
A developer implements a Schedulable class to run a daily cleanup job. What is the maximum number of scheduled Apex jobs that can be simultaneously active in an org?
Salesforce limits the number of scheduled Apex jobs in an org to 100.
Why this answer
Salesforce enforces a strict limit of 100 simultaneous scheduled Apex jobs per org.
An Apex trigger executes a query inside a for-loop to fetch related child records for every parent Account in Trigger.new. The developer notices that when a data load of 200 accounts occurs, the governor limit for total SOQL queries issued is exceeded. How should the developer refactor the code?
Bulkification requires gathering IDs into a collection and executing a single query outside of loops.
Why this answer
To avoid hitting the governor limit of 100 SOQL queries per transaction, queries must be moved outside of loops and bulkified using collections.
When a record-triggered flow performs an action that causes a trigger to fire, which order of execution phase is this?
Salesforce re-enters the order of execution.
Why this answer
This is part of the re-entrant execution, where Salesforce processes the trigger as part of the flow's transaction.
A developer creates a Lightning Web Component that consumes data from a wire adapter. The wire adapter returns an object with 'data' and 'error' properties. What is this pattern called in LWC?
Wire results provide data and error properties.
Why this answer
Wire adapters return a wrapper object containing data and error properties.
Which context variable should a developer use in an Apex trigger to determine if the trigger was fired by an update operation rather than an insert?
Trigger.isUpdate is the correct boolean context variable for update operations.
Why this answer
Trigger.isUpdate returns true if the trigger was fired due to an update operation.
A developer is building a Lightning Web Component that must be made available for use on Lightning Record Pages. Which configuration tag must be included in the component's metadata file?
Correct. lightning__RecordPage makes the component available for placement on record pages in Lightning App Builder.
Why this answer
To expose a component on a record page, the targets list must include lightning__RecordPage.
Which THREE items are best practices when setting up test data using @TestSetup methods? (Choose three.)
@TestSetup runs once per class, preserving governor limits for test methods.
Why this answer
Test setup methods create shared records efficiently and roll back per method.
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