1Z0-997-26 · domain
Cloud Native Architecture
This domain covers designing and operating cloud-native workloads on OCI, centered on OKE, OCI Streaming, and autoscaling. Questions are scenario-based: you must pick the right architecture, configuration, or troubleshooting step for concurrency, service discovery, scaling latency, and resilience. Expect to reason about Kubernetes primitives plus OCI-specific services and their integration points.
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What to know about Cloud Native Architecture
Be able to choose OCI Streaming consumer groups for independent cursors, debug OKE service connectivity beyond ClusterIP, and tune Cluster Autoscaler with node pools. The single most important thing: match the Kubernetes or OCI mechanism to the exact failure or scaling symptom described.
OCI Streaming consumer groups and per-instance cursors for concurrent partition reads
OKE ClusterIP service discovery, kube-proxy, and diagnosing intermittent 502 errors
Kubernetes Cluster Autoscaler and OCI node pool scaling behavior under pending pods
Designing OKE microservices with replicas, probes, and multi-AD node pools for resilience
Why learners struggle
Why Cloud Native Architecture questions are commonly missed
NAT questions are missed when learners confuse the four address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global) or misapply the interface direction. A translation rule can look correct but still fail if the ACL, interface, or direction is wrong.
- ·Inside local vs inside global — inside local is the private source, inside global is the translated public address
- ·PAT overloads — many sources share one public IP using unique port numbers
- ·Interface direction — ip nat inside and ip nat outside must be on the correct interfaces
- ·Static NAT vs dynamic NAT vs PAT — each serves a different use case
- ·The NAT ACL identifies traffic to translate, not traffic to permit or deny
- ·A missing translation can look like a routing problem if the interfaces are misconfigured
Watch out for
Common Cloud Native Architecture exam traps
- ▸Assuming all consumers on a stream share one cursor instead of using consumer groups for independent positions
- ▸Blaming the network for 502s when the real cause is pod readiness, endpoints, or upstream timeouts
- ▸Expecting Cluster Autoscaler to react instantly, ignoring node pool limits, quotas, and image pull delays
Question index
All Cloud Native Architecture questions (37)
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You are implementing distributed tracing across multiple microservices running on OKE. You need to capture trace data from incoming API Gateway requests, through service mesh sidecars, down to the application pods, and export it to an open-standards tracing backend. Which architectural components should you configure?
Hard2When designing an API Gateway implementation on OCI to expose backend microservices running on OKE, which THREE features or capabilities can you configure directly within the API Gateway deployment? (Choose three.)
Hard3Your OKE cluster uses Calico for Kubernetes network policy enforcement. You need to write a network policy that allows Pod A in namespace 'frontend' to communicate with Pod B in namespace 'backend', while blocking all other ingress traffic to Pod B. How should you implement this?
Medium4Your OCI Function needs to write audit logs or custom debugging information that can be easily searched and analyzed alongside other cloud logs. Which OCI service should your function log to?
Easy5You are troubleshooting an OCI Functions application that fails to pull container images from a private Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry (OCIR) repository during deployment. The function application is configured correctly, but the build/invoke fails with authentication errors. What is the most likely missing configuration?
Medium6Your microservices architecture on OKE uses mTLS (Mutual TLS) for secure pod-to-pod communication. You notice that certificate rotation is causing intermittent connection drops because pods are not reloading the new certificates without a restart. Which OCI Service Mesh feature automatically manages certificate issuance and rotation without requiring pod restarts?
Hard7You are designing a disaster recovery strategy for a stateful microservices application running on OKE across two OCI regions. Persistent data is stored on OCI Block Volumes. What is the recommended approach to replicate persistent storage data across regions for stateful workloads?
Hard8Which TWO methods can developers use to interact with OCI Registry (OCIR) for pushing and pulling container images?
Easy9An OCI Function in your serverless architecture needs to process large files (up to 5GB) uploaded to an OCI Object Storage bucket. Due to ephemeral storage limits inside the function container (/tmp), the function crashes when attempting to download the entire file locally. How should you redesign this function processing flow?
Hard10Your serverless OCI Function written in Python is failing to process payloads because it exceeds the default execution timeout limit when calling a third-party REST API. How should you resolve this issue while adhering to best practices?
Medium11You are designing an OKE-based cloud-native microservices architecture and want to ensure high availability and robust security isolation. Which THREE architectural best practices should you implement?
Hard12You are designing a multi-tenant microservices platform on OKE. You need to ensure that tenant workloads are strictly isolated at the kernel level, preventing potential container breakout vulnerabilities from affecting other tenants. Which OCI Container Engine for Kubernetes node configuration should you choose?
Hard13An architect is designing a cloud-native application that must remain available if an entire OCI region becomes unavailable. The application uses OCI Object Storage for static assets and an Autonomous Database for transactional data. Which approach best meets the cross-region availability requirement?
Easy14You need to store sensitive configuration data, such as database connection strings and API keys, for your OCI Functions application. Where should you securely store these values so they can be injected as environment variables or retrieved securely?
Easy15Which TWO of the following are key architectural benefits of adopting serverless OCI Functions compared to managing traditional container clusters for event-driven tasks?
Easy16You need to trigger an OCI Function asynchronously whenever an object is uploaded to an OCI Object Storage bucket. Which OCI service acts as the event router between Object Storage and the Function?
Easy17Which TWO of the following are valid methods to trigger an OCI Function execution?
Easy18Your OKE cluster is running microservices that require rapid horizontal scaling based on custom application metrics (such as active queue length) rather than standard CPU or memory utilization. Which Kubernetes component should you deploy to achieve this?
Medium19You need to secure your OCI API Gateway deployment by ensuring that only authenticated requests containing a valid JSON Web Token (JWT) issued by an identity provider can access your backend microservices. Which API Gateway feature should you implement?
Easy20You are implementing zero-trust network security for an OKE microservices application using OCI Service Mesh. Which THREE capabilities does OCI Service Mesh provide to secure service-to-service communication?
Hard21You are deploying a microservices application on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE). You need to expose multiple internal services externally using a single public IP address and enforce URL path-based routing. Which OCI networking and container component should you use?
Easy22You are architecting a multi-region cloud-native application where OCI API Gateway is deployed in Region A and Region B. You need to ensure that global users are automatically routed to the closest healthy API Gateway endpoint with automatic failover if an entire OCI region experiences an outage. Which OCI service should you use in front of the API Gateways?
Hard23You are managing an enterprise OKE cluster that runs multi-tenant workloads. Certain sensitive pods must run on dedicated worker nodes to comply with strict isolation mandates. Which combination of Kubernetes scheduling features should you configure on OCI to enforce this requirement reliably?
Hard24Which TWO characteristics distinguish OCI Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) as a managed Kubernetes service?
Easy25When configuring OCI API Gateway, which THREE types of backends are natively supported for routing incoming API requests?
Medium26You have deployed an OCI Function and want to test its HTTP trigger endpoint without writing custom client code. Which OCI service or feature should you use to invoke the function directly via an HTTP URL?
Easy27You are building a high-throughput event-processing pipeline where multiple consumer instances need to read messages from an OCI Stream concurrently. Each consumer instance must maintain its own independent cursor position and process every message in the stream without interfering with other consumer instances. How should you configure your consumers?
Hard28When designing a container build and deployment pipeline using OCI DevOps and OCI Registry (OCIR), which THREE tasks can be automated within the CI/CD build pipeline stage?
Medium29You are troubleshooting a microservice on OKE that is experiencing intermittent 502 Bad Gateway errors when communicating with another internal service. The application uses Kubernetes ClusterIP services for discovery. You suspect DNS resolution failure within the cluster. Which diagnostic tool and approach should you use inside the OKE cluster?
Hard30You are configuring an OCI API Gateway deployment to route requests to backend microservices running on OKE. You need to ensure that if a backend microservice takes longer than 3 seconds to respond, the API Gateway cancels the request and returns a 504 Gateway Timeout error to the client. Where should you configure this timeout?
Medium31You are using Fn Project CLI to deploy an OCI Function. Which command is used to build, push, and deploy the function to your application in OCI in a single streamlined step?
Easy32You need to automate the build, test, and deployment phases of your microservices application whenever developers push code changes to a Git repository on OCI. Which OCI service provides native CI/CD pipelines?
Easy33Your OKE cluster has autoscaling enabled using the Kubernetes Cluster Autoscaler. However, during peak hours, new pods remain in 'Pending' state for 15 minutes before the cluster autoscaler provisions new worker nodes. How can you reduce this provisioning delay?
Medium34Which TWO architectural best practices should you follow when designing cloud-native microservices on Oracle Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) to ensure high availability and resilience? (Choose two.)
Hard35You are migrating a monolithic application to microservices on OKE and implementing resilient design patterns. Which THREE resiliency patterns should you implement to handle transient failures gracefully?
Hard36Your OKE cluster is deployed in a private subnet with no direct outbound internet access. However, your pods need to pull container images from OCI Registry (OCIR). How should you enable this secure image pull without exposing worker nodes to the public internet?
Medium37You have deployed an API on OCI API Gateway and want to protect it from common web attacks such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and bad bots. Which OCI service should you integrate with API Gateway?
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Frequently asked questions
- What does the Cloud Native Architecture domain cover on the 1Z0-997-26 exam?
- Be able to choose OCI Streaming consumer groups for independent cursors, debug OKE service connectivity beyond ClusterIP, and tune Cluster Autoscaler with node pools. The single most important thing: match the Kubernetes or OCI mechanism to the exact failure or scaling symptom described.
- How many questions are in this domain?
- This page lists all 37 Cloud Native Architecture questions in the 1Z0-997-26 question bank. The actual exam draws from this domain proportionally to its weighting in the official exam blueprint.
- What is the best way to practise this domain?
- Start with a short focused session (10 questions) to identify gaps, then work through explanations. Repeat with a longer session once the weak areas feel solid.
- Can I practise only Cloud Native Architecture questions?
- Yes — the session launcher on this page filters questions to this domain only. Choose any session length for inline explanations and scoring.