- A
Microsoft Defender for Identity
Defender for Identity specializes in protecting on-premises Active Directory environments. It uses behavioral analytics and machine learning to detect suspicious activities such as abnormal Kerberos ticket requests, pass-the-hash attempts, and other identity-based attacks.
- B
Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
Why wrong: Defender for Endpoint focuses on endpoint devices (Windows, macOS, Linux) and provides antivirus, EDR, and threat investigation. While it can detect some attacks on endpoints, it does not directly monitor domain controller traffic or AD-specific protocols like Kerberos.
- C
Microsoft Defender for Cloud
Why wrong: Defender for Cloud is designed for securing cloud workloads (Azure, AWS, GCP) and provides CSPM, CWPP, and cloud threat detection. It does not monitor on-premises Active Directory infrastructure.
- D
Microsoft Sentinel
Why wrong: Sentinel is a SIEM/SOAR solution that can ingest logs from various sources, including Defender for Identity. However, Sentinel itself does not directly detect identity-based attacks; it relies on other security solutions for detection. The scenario requires a solution that actively monitors AD, which is Defender for Identity.
Quick Answer
The answer is Microsoft Defender for Identity. This solution is the correct choice because it is purpose-built to monitor on-premises Active Directory traffic by analyzing domain controller network logs and correlating them with entity behavior analytics, enabling it to detect advanced attacks like Kerberos Golden Ticket, pass-the-hash, and skeleton key malware. On the SC-900 exam, this question tests your understanding of how Microsoft’s security solutions map to specific threat scenarios—Defender for Identity is the dedicated tool for on-premises AD attack detection, while Microsoft Sentinel is the SIEM that ingests its alerts for incident response. A common trap is confusing Defender for Identity with Microsoft Entra ID Protection, which focuses on cloud identities, not on-premises domain controllers. Remember the memory tip: “For on-prem AD threats, think Defender for Identity—it’s the domain controller’s detective.”
SC-900 Practice Question: Describe the capabilities of Microsoft security solutions
This SC-900 practice question tests your understanding of describe the capabilities of microsoft security solutions. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company's security operations center wants to detect advanced attacks targeting their on-premises Active Directory, such as Kerberos Golden Ticket attacks, pass-the-hash, and skeleton key malware. They need a solution that monitors domain controller traffic, correlates with entity behavior, and integrates with Microsoft Sentinel for incident response. Which Microsoft security solution should they deploy?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Microsoft Defender for Identity
Microsoft Defender for Identity (MDI) is the correct solution because it is specifically designed to monitor on-premises Active Directory traffic, including domain controller network traffic, and uses entity behavior analytics to detect advanced attacks like Kerberos Golden Ticket, pass-the-hash, and skeleton key malware. It integrates natively with Microsoft Sentinel to enable automated incident response and investigation.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Microsoft Defender for Identity
Why this is correct
Defender for Identity specializes in protecting on-premises Active Directory environments. It uses behavioral analytics and machine learning to detect suspicious activities such as abnormal Kerberos ticket requests, pass-the-hash attempts, and other identity-based attacks.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
Why it's wrong here
Defender for Endpoint focuses on endpoint devices (Windows, macOS, Linux) and provides antivirus, EDR, and threat investigation. While it can detect some attacks on endpoints, it does not directly monitor domain controller traffic or AD-specific protocols like Kerberos.
- ✗
Microsoft Defender for Cloud
Why it's wrong here
Defender for Cloud is designed for securing cloud workloads (Azure, AWS, GCP) and provides CSPM, CWPP, and cloud threat detection. It does not monitor on-premises Active Directory infrastructure.
- ✗
Microsoft Sentinel
Why it's wrong here
Sentinel is a SIEM/SOAR solution that can ingest logs from various sources, including Defender for Identity. However, Sentinel itself does not directly detect identity-based attacks; it relies on other security solutions for detection. The scenario requires a solution that actively monitors AD, which is Defender for Identity.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates confuse Microsoft Sentinel as the detection tool itself, when in fact Sentinel is the aggregation and response platform, while Defender for Identity is the dedicated on-premises AD threat detection solution.
Trap categories for this question
Scenario analysis trap
Sentinel is a SIEM/SOAR solution that can ingest logs from various sources, including Defender for Identity. However, Sentinel itself does not directly detect identity-based attacks; it relies on other security solutions for detection. The scenario requires a solution that actively monitors AD, which is Defender for Identity.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
MDI uses a sensor installed on domain controllers to capture network traffic and Windows Event Logs (e.g., Event ID 4768 for Kerberos TGT requests, 4624 for logon events). It builds a behavioral baseline for each entity (users, devices, resources) and detects anomalies such as abnormal Kerberos ticket requests indicative of Golden Ticket attacks (e.g., forged KRBTGT hash) or pass-the-hash (NTLM relay). The integration with Sentinel uses the Microsoft Defender for Identity data connector to forward alerts and entities for automated playbooks and investigation.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SC-900 question test?
Describe the capabilities of Microsoft security solutions — This question tests Describe the capabilities of Microsoft security solutions — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Microsoft Defender for Identity — Microsoft Defender for Identity (MDI) is the correct solution because it is specifically designed to monitor on-premises Active Directory traffic, including domain controller network traffic, and uses entity behavior analytics to detect advanced attacks like Kerberos Golden Ticket, pass-the-hash, and skeleton key malware. It integrates natively with Microsoft Sentinel to enable automated incident response and investigation.
What should I do if I get this SC-900 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
About these practice questions
Courseiva creates original exam-style practice questions with explanations and wrong-answer analysis. It does not publish real exam questions, exam dumps, or protected exam content. Learn why practice questions differ from exam dumps →
Same concept, more angles
2 more ways this is tested on SC-900
These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.
Variation 1. A company wants to detect and respond to advanced attacks targeting their on-premises Active Directory infrastructure, such as Kerberos Golden Ticket attacks, pass-the-hash, and brute-force attempts. The solution should integrate with Microsoft Sentinel and Microsoft 365 Defender for cross-domain investigations. Which Microsoft security solution should they deploy?
medium- A.Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
- ✓ B.Microsoft Defender for Identity
- C.Microsoft Defender for Office 365
- D.Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
Why B: Microsoft Defender for Identity (MDI) is specifically designed to protect on-premises Active Directory by monitoring for advanced attacks like Kerberos Golden Ticket, pass-the-hash, and brute-force attempts. It integrates natively with Microsoft Sentinel and Microsoft 365 Defender to enable cross-domain investigations, correlating identity signals with endpoint and cloud data.
Variation 2. A security team needs to detect and investigate advanced attacks targeting on-premises Active Directory accounts, such as Pass-the-Hash (PtH) and Golden Ticket attacks. Which Microsoft security solution should they deploy?
medium- A.Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
- B.Microsoft Defender for Endpoint
- ✓ C.Microsoft Defender for Identity
- D.Microsoft Sentinel
Why C: Microsoft Defender for Identity (MDI) is specifically designed to detect advanced attacks targeting on-premises Active Directory, such as Pass-the-Hash (PtH) and Golden Ticket attacks. It uses behavioral analytics and machine learning to monitor AD traffic, Kerberos authentication, and NTLM protocol anomalies, identifying lateral movement and privilege escalation attempts that characterize these attacks.
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Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026
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