SC-200 Respond to security incidents Practice Question
This SC-200 practice question tests your understanding of respond to security incidents. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Your organization uses Microsoft Sentinel. You are responsible for responding to incidents. A new 'MFA Denied' incident is created from Microsoft Entra ID sign-in logs, indicating that a user in your organization had multiple MFA denials from a suspicious IP address (203.0.113.5). The user is a sales representative who frequently travels. The incident severity is Medium. The incident contains entities: user 'jsmith@contoso.com', IP address 203.0.113.5, and a device running Windows 11. You need to investigate and determine if this is a true positive. The user is currently on a business trip in Europe, but the sign-in attempts originated from an IP address in a different region. What should you do first?
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue: "first"
Why it matters: Order matters here. You are being tested on which action comes before the others — not which action is generally useful.
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Contact the user to confirm if they attempted to sign in at the time of the alerts.
Option B is correct because verifying with the user if they attempted to sign in is the fastest way to confirm if the MFA denials were legitimate. Option A is wrong because changing the password prematurely may lock out the user without confirmation. Option C is wrong because containing the device may disrupt the user's work. Option D is wrong because blocking the IP may be premature if the user's IP changes frequently.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
Immediately reset the user's password and revoke sessions.
Why it's wrong here
This action is drastic and may not be necessary if the denials were accidental.
✓
Contact the user to confirm if they attempted to sign in at the time of the alerts.
Why this is correct
Verifying with the user helps confirm if the activity is legitimate.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "first" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
✗
Block the suspicious IP address in the Conditional Access policy.
Why it's wrong here
Blocking IP without confirmation may affect other users or the user themselves.
✗
Isolate the user's device using Microsoft Defender for Endpoint.
Why it's wrong here
Isolation is for confirmed compromise, not for initial investigation.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
→Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
→Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
→Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this SC-200 question in full detail.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-200 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Respond to security incidents — This question tests Respond to security incidents — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Contact the user to confirm if they attempted to sign in at the time of the alerts. — Option B is correct because verifying with the user if they attempted to sign in is the fastest way to confirm if the MFA denials were legitimate. Option A is wrong because changing the password prematurely may lock out the user without confirmation. Option C is wrong because containing the device may disrupt the user's work. Option D is wrong because blocking the IP may be premature if the user's IP changes frequently.
What should I do if I get this SC-200 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-200 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Are there clue words in this question I should notice?
Yes — watch for: "first". Order matters here. You are being tested on which action comes before the others — not which action is generally useful.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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