SC-100 Design security solutions for infrastructure Practice Question
This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design security solutions for infrastructure. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Your company uses Microsoft Entra ID for identity management. You need to implement a solution to automatically detect and remediate risky sign-ins using machine learning. What should you configure?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Configure Microsoft Entra ID Protection and enable risk-based policies.
Option C is correct because Identity Protection uses ML to detect risks and can automatically remediate (e.g., require MFA, block sign-in). Option A is wrong because Conditional Access policies enforce access controls but do not detect risks. Option B is wrong because Privileged Identity Management (PIM) manages privileged roles. Option D is wrong because Azure AD (Entra ID) Connect syncs identities, not risk detection.
Key principle: Authentication proves identity; authorization controls what that identity can do after login. Both must work for full privileged access.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
Configure Microsoft Entra Connect to sync on-premises identities.
Why it's wrong here
Entra Connect is for directory synchronization.
✗
Configure Conditional Access policies with session controls.
Why it's wrong here
Conditional Access uses signals but does not detect risks automatically; it relies on Identity Protection.
✓
Configure Microsoft Entra ID Protection and enable risk-based policies.
Why this is correct
Identity Protection detects risky users and sign-ins and can auto-remediate.
Related concept
Authentication checks who the user is.
✗
Configure Privileged Identity Management (PIM) for admin roles.
Why it's wrong here
PIM manages just-in-time access, not risk detection.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: authentication is not authorization
Logging in proves the user can authenticate. It does not automatically mean the user is allowed to enter privileged or configuration mode. Watch for AAA authorization, privilege level and command authorization details.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
This kind of question is testing the difference between identity and permission. A user may successfully log in to a router because authentication is working, but still fail to enter configuration mode because authorization is missing, misconfigured or mapped to a lower privilege level.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Authentication checks who the user is.
Authorization controls what the user is allowed to do after login.
Privilege levels affect access to EXEC and configuration commands.
AAA, TACACS+ and RADIUS can separate login success from command access.
TExam Day Tips
→Do not assume successful login means full administrative access.
→Look for words such as cannot enter configuration mode, privilege level, authorization or command access.
→Separate login problems from permission problems before choosing the answer.
Key takeaway
Authentication proves identity; authorization controls what that identity can do after login. Both must work for full privileged access.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this SC-100 question in full detail.
Review Cisco AAA concepts — authentication, authorization, and accounting. Study privilege levels (0–15), command authorization under TACACS+, and how RADIUS differs. Then practise related SC-100 questions on access control and AAA configuration.
Design security solutions for infrastructure — This question tests Design security solutions for infrastructure — Authentication checks who the user is..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Configure Microsoft Entra ID Protection and enable risk-based policies. — Option C is correct because Identity Protection uses ML to detect risks and can automatically remediate (e.g., require MFA, block sign-in). Option A is wrong because Conditional Access policies enforce access controls but do not detect risks. Option B is wrong because Privileged Identity Management (PIM) manages privileged roles. Option D is wrong because Azure AD (Entra ID) Connect syncs identities, not risk detection.
What should I do if I get this SC-100 question wrong?
Review Cisco AAA concepts — authentication, authorization, and accounting. Study privilege levels (0–15), command authorization under TACACS+, and how RADIUS differs. Then practise related SC-100 questions on access control and AAA configuration.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Authentication checks who the user is.
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Question Discussion
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